Tetrastyryl-BODIPY-Based Dendritic Light Harvester and Estimation of Energy Transfer Efficiency

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Versatile BODIPY dyes can be transformed into bright near-IR-emitting fluorophores by quadruple styryl substitutions. When clickable functionalities on the styryl moieties are inserted, an efficient synthesis of a light harvester is possible. In addition, clear spectral evidence is presented showing that, in dendritic light harvesters, calculations commonly based on quantum yield or emission lifetime changes of the donor are bound to yield large overestimations of energy transfer efficiency

Effects of different irrigation programs on yield and quality parameters of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under greenhouse conditions

This study was carried out to determine the effects of different irrigation programs on yield and quality parameters of eggplant under greenhouse conditions, using Class A pan evaporation calculations and different plant-pan coefficients. Irrigation water was applied through drip irrigation method twice a week during the growing period. Irrigation treatments consisted of five plant-pan coefficients (S1: kcp = nonirrigation, S2: kcp = 0.50, S3: kcp = 0.75, S4: kcp = 1.00 and S5: kcp = 1.25). The amount of irrigation water ranged between 95.2 and 238.7 mm among the treatments. Evapotranspiration (ET) values varied from 93.1 to 466.3 mm for the treatments. The highest yield was obtained from the S3 and S4 treatments. A significant polynomial correlation was obtained between the yield and irrigation water, and between the yield and ET (P < 0.01). This indicated that when irrigation water and ET increased, yield also increased to a certain point. However, when the amount of irrigation water exceeded the plant water requirement, eggplant yield decreased. Yield response factor (Ky) was determined as 0.81. Since Ky < 1, eggplants were not sensitive to water deficiency. In addition, the highest water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) values were calculated in the S3 (12.9 kgm-3) and S2 (44.2 kgm-3) treatments, while the lowest WUE and IWUE values were calculated in the S5 (7.9 and 15.5 kgm-3) treatment to which the highest irrigation water was applied. This finding indicated that WUE and IWUE values decreased with the increasing irrigation water and ET. These results suggested that S3 (kcp = 0.75) treatment can be the most appropriate irrigation program for eggplant with higher yield and WUE under greenhouse conditions.Key words: Eggplant, yield response factor, water use efficiency, Class A pan, evapotranspiration

Fast Responding and Selective Near-IR Bodipy Dye for Hydrogen Sulfide Sensing

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A Bodipy based, highly selective probe for hydrogen sulfide has been designed, synthesized and demonstrated to detect H2S in living cells. In this design, the reduction of two arylazido groups change the charge transfer characteristics of the 3,5-distyryl substituents on the Bodipy core, producing a 20 nm bathochromic spectral shift in the absorption band, and quenching of the emission by 85% compared to the original intensity, through photoinduced electron transfer

Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Sensing of Biological Thiols in Auqeous Solutions Using BODIPY-Based Reagents

Cataloged from PDF version of article.udicious design of BODIPY dyes carrying nitroethenyl substituents in conjugation with the BODIPY core yields dyes that respond to biological thiols by both absorbance and emission changes. Incorporation of solubilizing ethyleneglycol units ensures water solubility. The result is bright signaling of biologically relevant thiols in the longer wavelength region of the visible spectrum and in aqueous solutions

A practical probabilistic earthquake hazard analysis tool: case study Marmara region

Earthquakes have a damaging impact on the economic welfare and resilience of communities, particularly in developing countries. Seismic hazard assessment is the first step towards performing prevention, preparedness, and response or recovery actions to reduce seismic risk. This paper presents a computation tool for predicting the seismic hazard at the macro level as a part of a comprehensive multi-hazard framework on earthquake risk assessment. The probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) procedure is based on the Monte-Carlo approach, and particular attention is paid to the definition of source zones assigned in the study area. Both Poisson and time dependent (renewal) models are adopted to quantify the effect of temporal dependencies between seismic events, while near-field rupture directivity effects are also taken into account. Marmara region in Turkey is selected as a case study area to perform a new seismic hazard analysis and verify the accuracy of the proposed tool. The results show good agreement with results from the recent SHARE project and the latest Turkish Earthquake Design code hazard maps. This confirms that the proposed PSHA method can be an attractive alternative to the direct integration based methods due to its practicality and powerful handling of uncertainties

Geodesic motion in the space-time of a cosmic string

We study the geodesic equation in the space-time of an Abelian-Higgs string and discuss the motion of massless and massive test particles. The geodesics can be classified according to the particles energy, angular momentum and linear momentum along the string axis. We observe that bound orbits of massive particles are only possible if the Higgs boson mass is smaller than the gauge boson mass, while massless particles always move on escape orbits. Moreover, neither massive nor massless particles can ever reach the string axis for non-vanishing angular momentum. We also discuss the dependence of light deflection by a cosmic string as well as the perihelion shift of bound orbits of massive particles on the ratio between Higgs and gauge boson mass and the ratio between symmetry breaking scale and Planck mass, respectively.Comment: 20 pages including 14 figures; v2: references added, discussion on null geodesics extended, numerical results adde

Design and synthesis of soluble dibenzosuberane-substituted fullerene derivatives for bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Two new dibenzosuberane-substituted fullerene derivatives, dibenzosuberane-C60 monoadduct (DBSCMA) and bis-adduct (DBSCBA) were synthesized using a classical cyclopropanation reaction via a tosylhydrazone route for application as acceptor materials in polymer solar cells (PSCs). DBSCBA shows good solubility in common organic solvents and both derivatives were characterized by 1HNMR, 13C NMR, MALD-TOF, elemental analysis and UV-vis absorption measurements. The shift of fullerene energy levels induced by the dibenzosuberane substitution was investigated by using theoretical simulations and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Bulk-heterojunction PSCs based on poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and dibenzosuberane-C60 derivatives were fabricated and optimized by adjusting the donor/acceptor ratio and using thermal annealing and solvent additive. The morphologies of the active layers processed under different conditions were also examined by atomic force microscopy. When tested under an illumination of AM 1.5 G at 100 mW/ cm2, the highest power conversion efficiency of the devices using DBSCBA is 3.70% which is superior to that of conventional P3HT:PCBM devices. © 2013 Elsevier B.V

Agricultural Academy

abstract SENYIGIT, U., I. ERDAL, F. OZDEMIR, Z. KUCUKYUMUK and A. KADAYIFCI, 2012. Effects of different irrigation methods on leaf and fruit nutrient concentrations of young apple varieties grafted on M9 rootstock. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., In this study, it was aimed to compare irrigation methods in terms of nutrient uptake of young apple varieties during two consecutive years. According to obtained results, leaf and fruit nutrient concentrations varied with irrigation methods, generally. Looking at the general nutrient status of plants, no nutritional deficiencies were determined between the irrigation methods. Also, nutrient concentrations of leaf and fruit showed variations with the years. Another important result in this study was that nutrient concentrations of leaf and fruit significantly varied with the variety, generally

Space weather activities of IONOLAB group using TNPGN GPS Network

Characterization and constant monitoring of variability of the ionosphere is of utmost importance for the performance improvement of HF communication, Satellite communication, navigation and guidance systems, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite systems, Space Craft exit and entry into the atmosphere and space weather. Turkish National Permanent GPS Network (TNPGN) is the Reference Station Network of 146 continuously-operating GNSS stations of which are distributed uniformly across Turkey and North Cyprus Turkish Republic since May 2009. IONOLAB group is currently investigating new techniques for space-time interpolation, and automatic mapping of TEC through a TUBITAK research grant. It is utmost importance to develop regional stochastic models for correction of ionospheric delay in geodetic systems and also form a scientific basis for communication link characterization. This study is a brief summary of the efforts of IONOLAB group in monitoring of space weather, and correction of geodetic positioning errors due to ionosphere using TNPGN. © 2011 IEEE