FIA-SYSTEMS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MALTOSE, LACTATE AND VOLATILE SUBSTANCES IN BEER, WINE AND FERMENTATION BROTHS

FIA-systems with immobilized enzymes for analysis of substrates in biological matrices are described. Direct or coupled reactions lead to the commonproduct NADH, which is determined byfluorimetry. The flow systems imply modulesfor the purification, dilution and pH adjustment of the samples. A system is presented for the determinationof volatile substrates using pervaporation as sample purification. Applications for the quantification of ethanol in beer (measurable range 0.5 - 20 mM) and acetaldehyde in wine (measurable range 0.01 - 0.05 mM) are given. By automated switching of the analyte between parallel assembled dehydrogenase columnsthe control of ethanol (calibration range 0.03 -10 mM) and lactate (calibration range 0.01 - 10 mM)in a fermentation of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum is possible. The determinations show goodreproducibility and Satisfactory agreement with results of a common enzymatic test-kit. A more sophisticated experimental setup including ion exchange and dialysis as purification steps is developedfor cyclic/parallel determination of glucose, maltose(linear range 0.3 - 15 mM for both sugars) and ethanol(linear range 6 - 500 mM)in beer. Process stability of the enzymes proved to be Satisfying

A special purpose multi-criteria heuristic function for a single machine scheduling problem with forward dynamic programming

Sequencing is one of the major research areas in increasing manufacturing productivity. In case of multiple items to be manufactured using multiple processes, complex sequencing may also be considered as a queuing problem where the products are processed with respect to the priorities which can be developed by static and dynamic fashion depending on nature of the problem. In this paper, a dynamic priority approach is incorporated for a group-based single machine scheduling problem using multi-criteria decision-making technique regarding setup times and machine utilization. After running the model, sequences of groups are obtained and schedule is developed with respect to priorities. Results are satisfactory as compared to random process and existing implementation within the company