Genetics of Dairy Goats: A Review

The literature on genetics of dairy goats was reviewed to point out not only world wide research but also the need for research in the United States to achieve the goal of uniform national genetic evaluations similar to those now available for dairy cattle. The number of breeds studied and the variety of research are remarkable. The numbers of animals and records involved in most studies, however, suggest large sampling variances of estimates

Energy and exergy evaluation of a 220MW thermal power plant

A component based energy and exergy evaluation was performed on a 220MW thermal power plant in Nigeria. The component based exergy analysis examines and compares the energetic and exergetic performances of each component by identifying the deficiencies of each component. Design and operating data were obtained from Egbin power plant in Nigeria. The result of the analysis showed that the total exergy that was destroyed in the power p lant was 400.015 MW. The major contributors to the exergy destruction in the power plant were the boiler (87%), the three turbines (a combined total of 9%) and the condenser (2 %). The effect of increasing the High Pressure turbine (HPT) inlet temperature at constant boiler pressure incresses the exergy efficiency of the component as well as the second law efficiency of the power plant, thus reducing the exergy destruction of the component. At the variation of environmental or dead state temperature, ther e were no appreciable changes in the values of exergy efficiency of the boiler/steam generator. The outcomes of this work provide the exergy consumption and distribution profile s of the thermal power plant, making it possible to adopt effective energy - saving measures. Keywords : Energy, Exergy, Efficiency, Sustainability, Power Plant and Boilers

Physical and emotional health outcomes after 12 months of public-sector antiretroviral treatment in the Free State Province of South Africa: a longitudinal study using structural equation modelling

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>African and Asian cohort studies have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in resource-limited settings. However, reports of the long-term changes in the physical and emotional quality of life (QoL) of patients on ART in these settings are still scarce. In this study, we assessed the physical and emotional QoL after six and 12 months of ART of a sample of 268 patients enrolled in South Africa's public-sector ART programme. The study also tested the impact of the adverse effects of medication on patients' physical and emotional QoL.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A stratified random sample of 268 patients undergoing ART was interviewed at baseline (< 6 months ART) and follow-up (< 12 months ART). A model of the relationships between the duration of ART, the adverse effects of medication, and physical and emotional QoL (measured using EUROQOL-5D) was tested using structural equation modelling.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The improved physical and emotional QoL shown at baseline was sustained over the 12-month study period, because treatment duration was not significantly associated with changes in the patients' QoL. Physical QoL significantly and positively influenced the patients' emotional QoL (subjective well-being [SWB]) (β = 0.33, <it>P </it>< 0.01). Longitudinal data showed that patients reported significantly fewer adverse effects at follow-up than at baseline (β = -0.38, <it>P </it>< 0.001) and that these adverse effects negatively influenced physical (β = -0.27, <it>P </it>< 0.01) and emotional QoL (β = -0.15, <it>P </it>< 0.05).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study provides evidence that the South African public-sector ART programme is effective in delivering sustained improvement in patient well-being. However, the results should encourage clinicians and lay health workers to be vigilant regarding the adverse effects of treatment, because they can seriously affect physical and emotional QoL.</p

Risk and predictors of mortality associated with chronic hepatitis B infection

[[sponsorship]]基因體研究中心[[note]]已出版;有審查制度;具代表性[[note]]http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Drexel&SrcApp=hagerty_opac&KeyRecord=1542-3565&DestApp=JCR&RQ=IF_CAT_BOXPLOT[[note]]http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=RID&SrcApp=RID&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&KeyUT=00024871440001

Components of Variance for Milk and Fat Yields in Dairy Goats

Age-season adjusted records from five breeds of dairy goats on Dairy Herd Improvement test from 1965 to 1976 were used to estimate components of variance for milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage. The data were 6,452 Alpine, 1,730 LaMancha, 6,897 Nubian, 2,759 Saanen, and 4,007 Toggenberg lactation records. Components of variance were estimated by Henderson\u27s Method 1 with a four-way model that included random effects of herd, year-season, sire, and doe. Herd effects accounted for 22 to 31% of the total variation in milk and fat yields and 15 to 25% of the variation in fat percentage. These effects were large enough to indicate that they must be considered in genetic evaluations of milk and fat production. Sire components of variance were 8 to 10% of the total variation in milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage. Does accounted for 16 to 25% of total variation in milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage. Repeatabilities of milk yield, fat yield, and fat percentage varied from .39 to .55 whereas heritabilities also within herd-year-season ranged from .48 to .62. Heritabilities larger than repeatabilities indicate that confounding may have inflated sire effects. Phenotypic and genetic correlations between milk and fat yields averaged .94 and .86. Milk yield and fat percentage were correlated negatively both phenotypically and genetically, whereas genetic correlations between fat yield and fat percentage averaged .18

Haematological and serum biochemical values of West African dwarf does following superovulatory treatment with FSH+LH (Pergonal&#174)

The effect of the administration of varying doses of FSH+LH (Pergonal®, Ferring Labs, USA) for superovulation on the haematological and serum biochemical values of goats was evaluated using 16 clinically sound, parous, West African Dwarf does, aged 23 years. Four treatment groups were employed including, T1 (administered with physiological saline as the control); T2, T3 and T4 given 19.0 IU, 58.0 IU and 82.0 IU FSH+LH respectively, as intramuscular injections over 3 days. The results revealed significant differences (

Effect of FSH+LH (Pergonal) and concetrate feed supplementation on hormonal profile and embryo generation in west African dwarf goats

No Abstract. Animal Production Research Avancees Vol. 3 (3) 2007: pp. 195-19