Učinci dodatka kvasca (Saccharomyces cerevisiae tipa boulardii CNCM I-1079) na rast i metabolita krvi jaradi crne bengalske pasmine

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae type boulardii CNCM I-1079) supplementation on growth performance and blood metabolites in Black Bengal goat kids. The experiment was performed on eight growing Black Bengal goat kids divided into a control diet (CD) group without yeast and yeast supplement (YS) group with 1.5% of yeast supplement. The feeding experiment was conducted for 40 days with growth performance measured every ten days, and blood samples were collected on days 0 and 40 of the experiment. The data were analyzed using a mixed model. The results showed that YS had no effect on growth parameters. Moreover, addition of yeast to the diet did not affect the blood parameters (phosphorus (P), cholesterol, triacylglycerol, urea, total protein, glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT)) except calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). In the YS group animals, a slight increase in blood level concentration of Ca and Mg was observed compared to the CD group.Cilj rada bio je istražiti učinke kvasca (Saccharomyces cerevisiae tipa boulardii CNCM I-1079) na rast i metabolite krvi kod jaradi crne bengalske pasmine. Eksperiment je proveden na osam jarića podijeljenih u kontrolnu skupinu (KS), koja nije dobivala kvasac, i eksperimentalnu skupinu (ES), kojoj je u obrok dodavano 1,5 % kvasca. Pokus je trajao 40 dana tijekom kojih su učinci rasta mjereni svakih deset dana, a uzorci krvi prikupljeni su nulti i 40. dan eksperimenta. Podaci su analizirani pomoću miješanog modela. Rezultati su pokazali da kvasac nema učinka na pokazatelje rasta. Štoviše, dodavanje kvasca u prehranu nije utjecalo na pokazatelje u krvi (fosfor - P, kolesterol, triacilglicerol, ureju, ukupni protein, glutamat-piruvatnu transaminazu - GPT i glutamat-oksaloacetatnu transaminazu - GOT), uz izuzetak kalcija (Ca) i magnezija (Mg). U eksperimentalnoj skupini životinja opaženo je neznatno povećanje koncentracije Ca i Mg u krvi u odnosu na životinje u kontrolnoj skupini

Reconstrucción de neoglande con colgajo uretral para el tratamiento quirúrgico de calcifilaxis peniana

ResumenIntroducciónLa arteriolopatía urémica calcificante, también conocida como calcifilaxis, es una entidad caracterizada por la presencia de áreas de necrosis isquémica junto con extensas calcificaciones de la capa media de las arteriolas de la piel; la etiopatogenia es compleja, las formas de presentación y evolución son diversas. La calcifilaxis del pene es una entidad muy rara. El dolor y la ulceración del glande es una de sus manifestaciones clínicas iniciales, el diagnóstico en estas etapas es difícil de establecer y el manejo debe ser integral. El tratamiento médico seguido del manejo quirúrgico se establecerá de acuerdo a la etapa y evolución de la enfermedad.La reconstrucción aislada del glande se recomienda tras una amputación traumática o quirúrgica por alguna enfermedad benigna o maligna. El objetivo es conseguir una apariencia estética razonable, permitir una micción fisiológica y tratar de conservar la mayor cantidad de tejido eréctil. En pacientes con calcifilaxis peniana, el manejo quirúrgico convencional es radical y consiste en falectomía parcial o total según sea el caso. El manejo conservador ha sido reportado mediante la desbridación de las lesiones ulcerosas en pene, tratamiento local y vigilancia.Caso clínicoSe presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 59 años de edad con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento con hemodiálisis, hospitalizado por cuadro de 5 días de evolución con úlcera dolorosa en glande, refractaria a manejo analgésico. Se realizó biopsia escisional de la lesión con estudio histopatológico confirmando calcifilaxis. Se plantea a paciente falectomía parcial la cual rechaza por lo que se ofrece reconstrucción en un tiempo como opción terapéutica.ConclusiónUtilizar injertos o colgajos de piel para realizar la reconstrucción del pene en pacientes con calcifilaxis no representa una opción viable. Por su gran aporte vascular, la uretra representa una buena opción de reconstrucción en pacientes con calcifilaxis en etapa inicial. La selección y evaluación de los pacientes debe ser muy cautelosa para que los resultados estéticos y funcionales sean aceptables.AbstractIntroductionCalcific uremic arteriolopathy, also known as calciphylaxis, is an entity characterized by areas of ischemic necrosis with extensive calcifications of the middle layer of the skin arterioles. Its etiopathogenesis is complex and its forms of presentation and progression are diverse. Calciphylaxis of the penis is an extremely rare entity. Pain and ulceration of the glans penis are initial clinical manifestations and diagnosis at these stages is difficult. Management should be comprehensive. Medical treatment, followed by surgical management, is established according to disease stage and progression.Isolated reconstruction of the glans penis is recommended when there is traumatic amputation or a surgical one due to benign or malignant disease. The goal is to obtain a reasonably esthetic appearance, to have physiologic micturition, and to spare the greatest amount of erectile tissue possible. Conventional surgical management in patients with penile calciphylaxis is radical and consists of partial or total phallectomy, depending on the case. Conservative management through ulcerous penile lesion debridement, local treatment, and surveillance has been reported.Case reportA 59-year-old man with chronic renal insufficiency in hemodialysis treatment was hospitalized for symptoms of 5-day progression of a painful ulcer on the glans penis that was refractory to analgesics. An excisional biopsy of the lesion was taken and the histopathologic study confirmed calciphylaxis. Partial phallectomy was suggested to the patient, but he rejected it, and so single stage reconstruction was offered as a therapeutic option.ConclusionThe use of skin grafts or flaps for penile reconstruction in patients with calciphylaxis is not a viable option. Because of its large blood supply, the urethra is a good reconstruction option in patients with initial-stage calciphylaxis. Patient selection and evaluation must be carried out with great care in order to have acceptable functional and esthetic results

Technology Needs Assessment of an Atmospheric Observation System for Multidisciplinary Air Quality/Meteorology Missions, Part 2

The technology advancements that will be necessary to implement the atmospheric observation systems are considered. Upper and lower atmospheric air quality and meteorological parameters necessary to support the air quality investigations were included. The technology needs were found predominantly in areas related to sensors and measurements of air quality and meteorological measurements

Biomass-derived carbon–silicon composites (C@Si) as anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries: A promising strategy towards long-term cycling stability: A mini review

The global need for high energy density and performing rechargeable batteries has led to the development of high-capacity silicon-based anode materials to meet the energy demands imposed to electrify plug-in vehicles to curtail carbon emissions by 2035. Unfortunately, the high theoretical capacity (4200 mA h g−1) of silicon by (de-)alloy mechanism is limited by its severe volume changes (ΔV ∼ 200% − 400%) during cycling for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), while for sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) remain uncertain, and hence, compositing with carbons (C@Si) represent a promising strategy to enable the aforementioned practical application. The present review outlines the recent progress of biomass-derived Si-carbon composite (C@Si) anodes for LIBs and NIBs. In this perspective, we present different types of biomass precursors, silicon sources, and compositing strategies, and how these impact on the C@Si physicochemical properties and their electrochemical performance are discussed

Papel de los minerales en anemias de distintos orígenes

Determinamos pacientes con anemia de diversos orígenes, presentando alteraciones en las concentraciones séricas de cobre, zinc y magnesio. Se estudiaron 140 pacientes, entre 18 y 60 años, en el consultorio de Hematología del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo y un grupo control de 60 donadores del Banco de Sangre. Se realizó hemograma completo, concentración de hierro, cobre, zinc y magnesio sérico. Las muestras fueron procesadas en el Instituto de Investigación de la Facultad de Medicina Humana de la Universidad de San Martín de Porres. Del grupo con anemia predominó el sexo femenino sobre el masculino (103 y 37 respectivamente), 60 pacientes tuvieron anemia ferropénica (60,7%); 20 anemia carencial mixta (14,3%), 15 anemia por enfermedad crónica (10,7%), 10 anemia megaloblástica (7,1%) y otros 10 anemia por otras causas (7,1%). De todos los pacientes diagnosticados con anemia, hubieron quienes presentaron en forma estadísticamente significativa (p<0,001) menores concentraciones de hierro sérico (64,64 + 41,64 versus 92,88 + 29,92 μg/dl); menores concentraciones de magnesio sérico (2,16 + 0,23 versus 2,31 + 0,40 mg/dl) y mayores concentraciones de cobre sérico (169,62 + 44,69 versus 135,16 + 27,10 μg/L) y también hubieron quienes presentaron sin significancia estadística (p>0,05) menores de zinc sérico (110,43 + 45,40 versus 115,46 + 12,61 μg/dl). Los pacientes con anemia megaloblástica tuvieron las mayores concentraciones de cobre sérico (178,27 + 22,67 μg/L). Los pacientes con anemia por enfermedad crónica tuvieron las menores concentraciones de zinc sérico (98,70 + 37,80 μg/dl). Los pacientes con anemia por otras causas tuvieron las menores concentraciones de magnesio sérico (2,08 + 0,19 mg/dl). Los pacientes con anemia presentaron las menores concentraciones de hierro, magnesio y mayores de cobre sérico estadísticamente significativas. Los pacientes con anemia megaloblástica tuvieron las mayores concentraciones de cobre sérico y con anemia por otras causas las menores concentraciones de magnesio sérico

Scanning Tunneling Microscope-Induced Luminescence Spectroscopy on Semiconductor Heterostructures

Scanning tunneling microscope (STM)-induced luminescence is explored as a technique for the characterization of semiconductor quantum wells and quantum wire heterostructures. By injecting minority carriers into the cleaved cross section of these structures, luminescence excitation on a nanometer scale is demonstrated. Using spectrally resolved STM-induced luminescence for the tip placed at various positions across the cleaved heterostructure, it is possible to obtain local spectroscopic information on closely spaced quantum structures

EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF ONE-MONTH-OLD PIGLETS WITH SPORES OF ENTEROZYTOZOON BIENEUSI

La microsporidiosis humana era considerada una enfermedad exclusiva de personas VIH positivas o de pacientes inmunocomprometidos pero actualmente se sabe que afecta, además, a pacientes inmunocompetentes. El microsporidio más común es el Enterocytozoon bieneusi. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo demostrar la infección experimental de cerdos de un mes de edad con 840 000 esporas de E. bieneusi por vía oral. Se utilizaron nueve lechones procedentes de una granja tecnificada con muy pocas probabilidades de infección a este parásito. Para el diagnóstico del parásito se utilizó la coloración tricrómica (en heces) y la coloración de plata (tejido intestinal). Se logró observar esporas de E. bieneusi en heces y en cortes de intestino de todos los lechones. El trabajo demostró que los cerdos de un mes de edad son susceptibles a la infección con esporas de E. bieneusi y, por lo tanto, este animal podría ser considerado como modelo experimental en el estudio de la microsporidiosis humana causada por E. bieneusi.Human microsporidiosis has been considered a disease of the VIH positive patients or other patients with immunosupression. At present, it is known that microsporidiosis affects not only these patients but also the immunocompetent. The most common species is the Enterocytozoon bieneusi. The present study demonstrates the experimental oral infection of one-month-old piglets with spores of E. bieneusi. Nine piglets from a commercial farm with very low risk of infection by this parasite were used. Two staining techniques were utilized for the diagnosis of the parasite: Tricromic Blue Stain (in fecal samples) and Silver Stain (in intestinal wall). Spores of E. bieneusi were observed in feces and intestinal sections of all animals. The estudy showed that pigs of one month of age are susceptible to the infection with spores of E. bieneusi and therefore, could be considered as experimental model in the study of the human microsporidiosis caused by E. bieneusi

Assessment of the use of space technology in the monitoring of oil spills and ocean pollution: Technical volume. Executive summary

The potential of space systems and technology for detecting and monitoring ocean oil spills and waste pollution was assessed as well as the impact of this application on communication and data handling systems. Agencies charged with responsibilities in this area were identified and their measurement requirements were ascertained in order to determine the spatial resolution needed to characterize operational and accidental discharges. Microwave and optical sensors and sensing techniques were evaluated as candidate system elements. Capabilities are described for the following: synthetic aperture radar, microwave scatterometer, passive microwave radiometer, microwave altimeter, electro-optical sensors currently used in airborne detection, existing space-based optical sensors, the thematic mapper, and the pointable optical linear array

Endeudamiento. Un análisis estructural

El presente artículo relaciona la política de endeudamiento y la teoría de agencia, pero considerando la estructura de propiedad de las empresas chilenas. El análisis econométrico se realizó mediante relaciones de causalidad y efecto, por medio de ecuaciones estructurales (structural equations models(SEM)). Los resultados reflejan un predominio de la teoría de jerarquía para explicar el financiamiento. Las empresas con concentración accionarial prefieren financiar sus proyectos con recursos propios, luego endeudamiento para evitar la posible pérdida de control por parte de los accionistas mayoritarios. AbstractThis article show the debt policy and agency theory, but considering the ownership structure of Chilean companies. The econometric model was performed using causality and effect analysis , through structural equations models (SEM)) The results reflect a predominance of pecking order model to explain the financing as companies with shareholder concentration. Firms prefer to finance their projects with their own resources, then borrowing to avoid possible loss of control by majority shareholders

SEROPREVALENCE OF PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS IN RURAL VILLAGES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF TUMBES, PERU

Se determinó la seroprevalencia de cisticercosis porcina en caseríos de la zona de Tumbes, Perú. Se evaluó el 97% (1872/1927) del total de cerdos mayores a 7 meses de edad, provenientes de 17 caseríos rurales de la provincia de Tumbes, departamento de Tumbes, mediante la prueba de Electroinmunotransferencia. Además, se evaluó las variables caserío de procedencia, edad y sexo para determinar si existía asociación respecto a la presentación de la enfermedad, mediante la prueba de Chi Cuadrado y el análisis de Regresión Logística. La seroprevalencia corregida fue de 45 ± 2.3%. Los caseríos que presentaron las seroprevalencias más altas fueron La Capitana, Carretas y Rica Playa (70 ± 7.8, 69 ± 12.3 y 64 ± 6.8%, respectivamente). Los seroprevalencia en cerdos mayores de 12 meses fue de 49 ± 3.1% en tanto que en cerdos de 8 a 12 meses fue de 40 ± 3.3% (p<0.05). No se encontró diferencias estadísticas por efecto del sexo. Los resultados demuestran que la cisticercosis porcina constituye un serio problema de salud pública para los caseríos estudiados.The porcine cysticercosis seroprevalence was determined in rural villages of Tum-bes, Peru. Samples from 97% (1872/1927) of pigs, older than 7 months of age, from 17 ruralvillages of Tumbes province, Peru, were analyzed by the Electroimmunotransfer test.Also, village of origin, age, and sex were assessed to determine whether there wasassociation with regard to the presentation of the disease by the Chi square test andlogistic regression analysis. Seroprevalence was 45 ± 2.3%. Villages with higherseroprevalences were La Capitana, Carretas, and Rica Playa (70 ± 7.8, 69 ± 12.3, and 64 ± 6.8% respectively). Seroprevalence in pigs older than 12 months of age was 49 ± 3.1%,while in pigs 8 to 12 months of age was 40 ± 3.3% (p<0.05). There was no statisticaldifference due to sex. The results show that porcine cysticercosis is a serious publichealth problem for the villages surveyed