The Basic Principles of Effective Public Relations Strategies by Sancar Maruflu, the Doyen of Turkish Communication Experts

Sancar Maruflu started working in the field of public relations even before the concept was known to the public and founded Turkey's second company in this field. Considered the pioneer of the profession and a passionate practitioner for 50 years, Maruflu was a public relations expert who organized the largest number of state ceremonies in Turkey. He also achieved great success in the field of political communication with the election campaigns he prepared, and he worked as a public relations consultant for Turkey's most important politicians. Maruflu, who held a master's degree in public relations, trained many young public relations experts and brought them to the sector. He continued working in the public relations field until the day he passed away; Maruflu brought a different interpretation to public relations, developed and implemented unique strategies, tried untried methods and succeeded, and became a brand and an expert in his profession. Maruflu, who advocated that a public relations expert should know the society in which he lives very well and should be intertwined with the public, also became a civil society leader and was nicknamed the Father of Izmir by the people of the city (Izmir) where he lived. This article includes Sancar Maruflu's achievements in the public relations profession and his advice to young people who want to be successful in this field. Maruflu's unique interpretations and practices brought to the profession will offer a new vision to public relations

THE DECISIVE ROLE OF COMMUNICATION IN TURKISH WOMEN'S PERCEPTION OF POLITICS

Although Turkish women received their political freedoms even before many European countries, today Turkey lags behind many countries in terms of the proportion of women in active politics. This research, which aims to question the reasons for this decline and whose findings are the subject of this paper, also shows the problems women face in politics and their expectations from politics. In this research, which was conducted with the participation of 958 women representing different sociocultural segments, a very different and comprehensive diversity of findings was provided through the original questions included in the questionnaire. The women who responded to the research questions agreed that the number of women in politics is too low and expressed their suggestions for solutions to improve their conditions. In Turkey, women voters outnumber men. Therefore, the findings of this research will help political parties to communicate with and understand women properly and will provide important clues to politicians who want to gain the support of women voters. These findings will also give ideas to sociologists and political scientists who want to investigate the way of doing politics and voter tendencies in Turkey. A democracy can only be a true democracy if women have the right to participate in politics on an equal basis with men and if they can exercise this right freely. The findings of this research give very important messages to society on how this can be realized.  Article visualizations

EXAMINING THE ISSUES BETWEEN TURKEY AND GREECE BY CONSIDERING SUGGESTIONS FROM CITIZENS OF BOTH COUNTRIES THROUGH COMMUNICATION

Although the Turkish and Greek peoples have lived together for many years, they have also had to live and share problematic periods as a result of the policies of their governments. The two peoples have fought wars in the past, but have always come to each other's aid in difficult times. Due to unresolved problems and harsh rhetoric from politicians, two geographically very close neighbors had sometimes drifted apart. In the survey conducted simultaneously in Turkey and Greece, the two communities explained in detail the issues on which they agree or disagree in Turkish-Greek relations and their suggestions for solutions to existing problems. The results of this research, which reveals the perspectives of the peoples of the two neighboring countries on Turkish-Greek relations with a scientific approach and an objective point of view, will present a different vision to both societies and the governments of both countries.  Article visualizations

Netiquette: Fundamentals of Etiquette in Digital Communication

Socialization is an innate human need. The individual finds himself/herself in a social environment as soon as he/she is born. As human beings communicate with those around them, they become aware of the existence of some social regulators such as laws, moral rules, and traditions that regulate the relationships they establish. Among these rules, etiquette rules have a special place. Etiquette rules are the rules of respect and courtesy that should be shown sensitivity in interpersonal relations. Although they do not have legal sanctions such as the rules of law, when the rules of etiquette are violated, the person is shamed, excluded from society, and left alone. Today, in addition to face-to-face communication, there is a very intense socialization on digital platforms. Interpersonal communication evolved into a different internet-based relationship network. The rules called Netiquette, in the simplest definition, are regulations that beautify and protect social relations established through the internet. Digital platforms are not environments where freedoms are experienced unlimitedly and without rules. It should not be forgotten that only the environment is virtual, but the people are real. In other words, the rules of social behavior that regulate our relationships in our daily lives also apply to the communication we establish through the internet. Acting in a manner sensitive to the rules of etiquette when communicating with others over the Internet will further strengthen social relations, while the opposite situation will lead to the termination of existing relationships

Effect of vortex generators to the flow around circular cylinder

Dairesel silindir etrafındaki akım, son derece karmaşık yapısı ve mühendislik uygulamalarında sıkça karşılaşılan bir akım tipi olması nedeniyle, yaklaşık bir asırdır hidro-aerodinamik alanda araştırmacıların temel konularından birisi olmuştur. Öte yandan, sınır tabaka ayrılması özellikle dolgun cisimler etrafındaki akışı değiştirerek büyük miktarda enerji kaybına yol açan bir olaydır. Buna bağlı olarak, hidro-aerodinamik pek çok aracın performansı akım ayrılmasının yeri tarafından kontrol edilmektedir. Akım ayrılmasının engellenmesi ya da geciktirilmesi için kullanılan en etkili yöntemlerden biri pasif girdap yaratıcılardır. Girdap yaratıcılar, neden oldukları sınır tabaka içine gömülen girdaplardan dolayı oluşan makro ölçekteki hareketler ile duvar yakınındaki akışın yeniden düzenlenmesini sağlamaktadır. Çalışmadaki amaç, girdap yaratıcıların dairesel silindir etrafındaki akışa ve girdap oluşma mekanizmasına olan etkilerinin deneysel olarak ortaya konmasıdır. Çalışmada, dairesel silindirin yakın iz bölgesi DPIV ile görüntülenmiştir. Deneyler, Newcastle Üniversitesi Emerson Kavitasyon Tüneli’nde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, 1.6 mm yüksekliğinde, akış yönüne ±10 derece açı yapacak şekilde kullanılan girdap yaratıcıların silindir çevresine dört farklı açıda yerleştirildikleri vakalar ve girdap yaratıcı içermeyen yalın silindir vakası yer almaktadır. Çalışmadaki Reynolds sayısı 41300 ve buna karşılık gelen silindir akış rejimi ise kritik-altı rejimdir. Ölçümlenen akış alanlarının analizi, Reynolds Ayrıştırması ve POD olmak üzere, iki ayrı türbülanslı akış alanı ayrıştırma tekniği ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. İz bölgesindeki girdaplılık, gerilme dağılımı, salınım frekansı gibi pek çok akış özelliği ortaya konmuştur. Yalın silindir vakası için yapılmış olan ölçümler literatür ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Girdap yaratıcıların etkisi, vakaların kendi aralarında ve yalın silindir ile karşılaştırmaları ile belirlenmiş, sonuçlar tartışılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Dairesel silindir etrafındaki akış, girdap yaratıcılar, DPIV.  Flow around a circular cylinder has been one of the basic research subjects in hydro-aerodynamics area in almost a hundred years. Related to its complex flow characteristics there are many aspects that make this topic most interesting including surface curvature of the cylinder, severe adverse pressure gradient, massive flow separation, oscillation of the separation point, unstable wake and hence vortex shedding, high sensitivity to free stream properties, aspect ratio, blockage, vortex street formation and completely variable flow pattern between flow regimes. Besides, boundary layer separation causes large energy losses especially by changing the flow pattern around bluff bodies. Accordingly, the performance of many hydro-aerodynamic vehicles is controlled by the location of the separation point. Thus, besides the importance of the separation control as a basic research subject, it can be regarded as an important engineering problem. One of the most effective methods used for preventing and delaying flow separation is the use of passive vortex generators. The macro scale motions of the vortices embedded in the boundary layer caused by the vortex generators provide over tuning of the flow in the vicinity of the wall. Thus, two important subjects of the fluid mechanics are considered in this study. The aim of the study is to experimentally investigate the effect of the streamwise vortex generators on the flow around circular cylinder and vortex formation mechanism. Wake oscillations of the circular cylinder and vortex shedding is visualized with digital PIV system which is the most suitable measurement system for determination of the general flow topology such as vortex structures and stress distribution. The experiments are conducted at Emerson Cavitation Tunnel, School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University. The study consists of five cases including bare cylinder and four cases with vortex generators in which the generators are located at 50, 60, 65, and 70 degrees angles from the first stagnation point. The bare cylinder and vortex generators cases are coded as VG0000, VG1650, VG1660, VG1665, and VG1670, respectively. Vane type vortex generators which are 1.6 mm in height are paced with ±10 degrees sweep angles on the cylinder. The Reynolds number investigated is 41300, which corresponds to the sub-critical flow state. All the measurements were conducted at the midspan of the cylinder and the measurement area according to the cylinder diameter was 2.6Dx0.9D, in X and Y directions, respectively. The free stream velocity was 0.588 m/s and the inlet turbulence intensity and turbulence length scale of the free stream at this velocity were 1.73% and 0.22D, respectively. The analysis of the flow fields extracted from the PIV images are processed with two different turbulent flow field decomposition techniques including Reynolds decomposition, and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). The flow properties such as vorticity, stress distribution and oscillation frequency are derived from the analysis. The results of the measurements conducted for the bare cylinder are compared with the data in the open literature.  These indicate that the results are in good agreement with the results of the similar studies in literature. Experimental results show that the vortex generators highly affect the near wake and hence the boundary layer of the cylinder. First of all, Reynolds averaged flow fields indicate that the shear layers get closer to each other, bend towards the centerline, and the width of the near wake decreases. These events clearly indicate that the flow separation is delayed on the measurement plane. One can observe that the vortex formation length and the wake closure length are increased considerably with the downstream motion of the separation location as shown in the literature. The amount of the global mean circulation in the flow fields is also increased because of the vortex generators while the width of the shear layers is decreased. The more concentrated pattern of the shear layers provide the vortex formation process to occur at a longer distance from the cylinder. It is expected that the increase in the vortex formation length causes the low pressure area behind the cylinder to move with the vortices and hence decreases the suction at the rear side of the cylinder. With the displacement of the shear layers towards the wake centerline and the thinning of the shear layers, the Strouhal number is increased approximately 41% at VG1650, and then is decreased slowly probably due to the reduction of strength of the forming vortex. It is obvious that the strength of the stresses due to both turbulent and coherent motions decreases because of the vortex generators. Keywords: Flow around circular cylinder, vortex generators, DPIV. 

Large eddy simulations of the turbulent channel flow over dimpled surfaces

Reducing skin friction has a key role in the efficiency of rail, highway, and airway transport vehicles or naval systems such as ships and underwater vehicles. In recent years, there is a growing interest in investigating turbulent drag-reducing capabilities of dimpled surfaces, which have great potential as a passive solution, while there still exists highly conflicting views and drag reduction rates reported in the literature as well as a lack of information about the drag reduction mechanism. In this study, large-eddy simulations (LES) were performed to investigate the characteristics and physical mechanism of the fluid flow over dimpled surfaces in a fully developed channel flow. The Reynolds number based on the channel height and the mean bulk velocity was nearly 5600 for all cases examined. Within the framework of the study, various dimple depth to diameter ratios as well as different dimple arrangements and geometries were considered. The detailed mean and instantaneous flow fields, turbulent kinetic energy budget and spectral characteristics of the flow are presented. The study revealed the potential of the dimpled surface in reducing skin friction and provided critical information about the flow features affecting the performance of the dimples

Özel yetenekli öğrencilerin Bilsem’deki öğretim uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşleri

Bu araştırmanın amacı, özel yetenekli öğrencilerin Bilim ve Sanat Merkezi’ndeki (BİLSEM) öğretim uygulamalarına ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırma, durum çalışması ile desenlenmiştir. Verilerin toplanması için araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2017- 2018 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Siirt Bilim ve Sanat Merkezi’nde öğrenim gören 56 özel yetenekli öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, verilerin analizi için nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğrencilerin çoğunluğu BİLSEM’deki eğitimin bilişsel ve kişisel gelişimlerine katkı sağladığını, az sayıda öğrenci ise eğitimden istedikleri düzeyde yararlanmadıklarını belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin tamamına yakını, yetenekleri açısından kendilerini geliştirme fırsatı bulduğu için BİLSEM’in okuldan çok farklı olduğu görüşünü savunmuştur. Öğrencilerin bazıları sınav kaygısı ve yorgunluk gibi durumlardan dolayı BİLSEM’de devamsızlık yaptığını ifade ederken derslere devam eden birçok öğrencinin BİLSEM’de huzur bulduğunu ifade ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin önemli bir kısmı BİLSEM’e yönelik beklentilerinin karşılandığını ifade etse de kuruma yönelik memnuniyetin artması için öğrencilerin daha iyi tanınması yönünde çaba sarf edilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır

ESNEK VE İNCE HALL SENSÖRLERİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

ESNEK VE İNCE HALL SENSÖRLERİN GELİŞTİRİLMES

Characterization of Multilayered Conductive Films Produced by Multiple Transfer Printing Graphene onto Ultra-Thin PVC Foil

Having high charge carrier mobility and superior elastic properties, graphene is a very suitable material for flexible electronics. However, it is usually desired to remove and prevent unintentional doping due to wet processes used for transfer printing of graphene. Although it does not produce a graphene film as smooth as an exfoliated graphene sheet transferred onto SiO2/Si wafer, dry transfer of graphene could be favored for applications that do not require very high charge carrier mobility. In addition, controlling the number of layers in synthesizing multilayer graphene will be an ability of great importance for applications involving resistances lower and charge carrier densities higher than that of single layer graphene. We developed a method for making multilayered graphene-based conductive films on 75μm-thick PVC film. The graphene is synthesized via atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) on 20μm-thick copper foils. After forming the Cu/graphene/PVC stack via lamination by hot rollers, selective etching with aqueous FeCl3 solution is provided by hydrophobic permanent marker ink deposited onto the parts of the copper layer to become contact pads. The multilayered conductive films can be obtained by iterative application of this scheme in which the selective etching is applied after the last lamination. The conductive film based on single layer graphene manifested sheet resistances of the order of 1 kΩ and Hall coefficients of up to 1200 Ω/T, and withstood current density greater than 1.9 x 109 A/m2. The resistance and Hall coefficient values were found to decrease with increase in the number of layers. Our method could be used as a platform for proof-of-concept works aiming to demonstrate graphene’s potential for flexible electronics. The structural, thermal, and electronic characterization of the multilayered graphene-based conductive films on the PVC film is to be presented