SEISMIC PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

In this study, determination of the performance levels of structural systems by the Capacity Spectrum Method and the Displacement Coefficients Method, which are used to determine performance levels of structures by considering structural capacity obtained from pushover analysis is intended. For this purpose, five-storey reinforced concrete 3D frame system structures having the same floor plan are considered in the analysis. Also, to observe the differences in the performance levels, a sample structure having same story heights in the first phase and then first story height is increased in order to examine the weak story irregularity is taken into consideration. Structures are designed in accordance with Turkish Standards (TS 500) and the Turkish Earthquake Code. Life safety (LS) structural performance level is chosen as a target for the sample structures under a design earthquake that may be exceeded in a 50-year period with 10 percent probability. The capacity curves of the sample structures are obtained from pushover analysis and their performance levels are determined by the Capacity Spectrum Method and the Displacement Coefficients Method. Bu çalışmada yapı sistemlerinin artımsal itme analizi ile belirlenen yapısal kapasitesini esas alan ve yapıların performans seviyesinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan Kapasite Spektrumu Yöntemi ve Deplasman Katsayıları Yöntemi ile performans seviyelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, kat planları aynı olan beş katlı betonarme çerçeveli sistemli yapılar dikkate alınmıştır. Ayrıca performans seviyelerindeki farklılıkları görmek üzere seçilen yapının önce tüm katları aynı yükseklikte tasarlanmış, daha sonra zemin kat yükseklikleri arttırılarak ortaya çıkan zayıf kat düzensizliğinin etkisi irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılar, TS 500 ve DBYBHY 2007 kuralları çerçevesinde tasarlanmıştır.Kullanılan yapı sistemleri için 50 yıllık süreç içinde aşılma olasılığı %10 olan tasarım depremi etkisi altında can güvenliği (CG) performans seviyesi hedeflenmiştir. Artımsal itme analizi ile yapıların kapasite eğrileri elde edilmiş ve Kapasite Spektrumu Yöntemi ve Deplasman Katsayıları Yöntemi ile performans seviyeleri belirlenmiştir

Food Safety – Problems and Solutions

When certain disease-causing bacteria, viruses or parasite contaminate food, they can cause food-related diseases. Another word for such a bacterium, virus, or parasite is “pathogen”. Since food-related diseases can be serious, or even fatal, it is important to know and practice safe food-handling behaviors to help reduce the risk of getting sick from contaminated food. According to the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), “food safety is the assurance that food will not cause harm to the consumer when it is prepared and/or eaten according to its intended use”. Foodborne diseases are widespread throughout the world. The process by which a foodborne disease spreads begins with the features of the disease, contaminating the food, which in turn threatens both individual and public health by means of the foods. Healthy, or what can be termed as safe food, is food that has not lost its nutritional value, that is clean, in physical, chemical and microbiological terms and that is not stale. The factors causing the contamination of the food may threaten the safe consumption of it and thereby make the foods harmful to human health. For this reason, it is necessary to utilize various resources to prevent the food from being contaminated in all stages of the food chain, from harvest to consumption. The aim of this chapter is to determine the factors affecting food safety and proffer effective intervention strategies against food-related diseases

Kuadriseps kasına uygulanan kinezyolojik bantlama kas gücünde artış ve dengede iyileşme sağlıyor mu?

Objective: Kinesiotape is a treatment method developed to support muscles-joints and improve their stabilities without limiting the range of motion. Kinesiotape claims to increase cutaneous stimulation, facilitate motor unit firing and consequently enhance functional performance. In this way, it is claimed that kinesiotape increases the strength of the muscles by supporting the weak muscles. The effect of kinesiotape on balance and functional performance has been controversial because of the inconsistencies of tension and direction of application. Even though there is not enough data about its effect on increasing muscle strength, kinesiotape is used to increase muscle strength in sports. In clinical practice, it is used especially in musculoskeletal problems. Kinesiotape application to quadriceps muscle of healthy participants’ dominant leg was investigated in this trial. Material and Methods: Voluntary women, healthy and aged from 18 to 40 (average age 24.8±3.3), were included. At first, kinesiotape was applied to the quadriceps with stimulation technique. After a week, sham taping was applied to the same volunteers’ same muscles. The isokinetic dynamometer was used to assess the muscle strength and Biodex Balance System was used to assess balance. Assessments were done before taping, after taping, and after 24 hours. Results: Kinesiotape not cause a statistically significant increase at peak torque and total work at 60 and 180 degrees angular velocity but caused statistically significant improvement at some of the balance parameters compared to sham tape. Conclusion: The results showed that kinesiotape application doesn’t increase muscle performance but improves some balance parameters.Amaç: Kinezyolojik bantlama, eklem hareket açıklığını kısıtlamadan kas-eklem yapılarına destek olmak ve stabilitelerini artırmak için geliştirilmiş bir tedavi yöntemidir. Kutanöz stimülasyonu artırdığı, motor ünite ateşlenmesini fasilite ettiği ve sonuç olarak fonksiyonel performansı artırdığı iddia edilmektedir. Bu şekilde kinezyolojik bantlamanın zayıf kasları destekleyerek, kas gücünü artırdığı ileri sürülmektedir. Denge ve fonksiyonel performans üzerindeki etkileri tartışmalıdır. Çünkü gerim ve uygulama yönü konusunda tutarsızlıklar mevcuttur. Kas gücünü artırıcı etkisini destekleyen veriler yeterli olmamasına rağmen kinezyolojik bantlama özellikle sporcularda kas gücünü artırmak amacıyla kullanılır. Aynı amaçla klinikte kas-iskelet sorunlarında da kullanımı yaygındır. Çalışmamızda sağlıklı gönüllülerde dominant alt ekstremitedeki kuadriseps kasına uygulanan kinezyolojik bantlamanın kas gücü ve denge üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 18-40 yaş arasında (yaş ortalaması 24,8±3,3) 30 sağlıklı kadın gönüllü olarak dâhil edilmiştir. Kuadriseps kasına ilk olarak stimülasyon tekniği ile kinezyolojik bantlama uygulaması yapılmıştır. Aynı kişilere ve kaslara 1 hafta sonra yalancı bantlama uygulaması yapılmıştır. Kas gücü değerlendirmesi için izokinetik dinamometre, denge için ise Biodex Denge Sistemi kullanılmıştır. Ölçümler yalancı ve gerçek bantlama öncesinde, bantlama uygulamasından hemen sonra ve 24 saat sonrasında yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Kinezyolojik bantlama, sağlıklı bireylerde plasebo ile karşılaştırıldığında 60 ve 180 derece açısal hızlarda pik tork ve total iş değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artışa neden olmamıştır ancak denge parametrelerinin bazılarında istatistiksel anlamlı iyileşme elde edilmiştir. Sonuç: Kinezyolojik bantlama uygulamasının kas performansında artışa neden olmadığı ancak bazı denge parametrelerinde iyileşme sağladığı sonucuna varılmıştır

AN INVESTIGATION OF PRE-SERVICE PRESCHOOL TEACHERS' ATTITUDES AND SELF-EFFICACY TOWARDS SCIENCE EDUCATION ACCORDING TO VARIOUS VARIABLES

Science education helps individuals understand the events occurring in their environment and the world, starting from their immediate environment. This study aims to determine pre-service preschool teachers' science education self-efficacy and attitudes toward science teaching according to various variables. This research is a descriptive study based on the survey model. The study group of the research consists of 320 pre-service teachers studying at Akdeniz University, Faculty of Education, and Department of Preschool Education. The data of the study were collected through the "Attitude Scale of Preschool Teachers Towards Science Teaching and "Self-Efficacy Scale of Preschool Teachers Towards Science Education. As a result of the study, it was determined that pre-service preschool teachers had positive attitudes toward science teaching and self-efficacy toward science education was high.  Article visualizations

Conservative management of postmenopausal woman with prolonged use of the dislocated intrauterine device which was also unnoticed while hysterectomy

The objectives of this study are to identify and compare the treatment options of woman with uterine perforation caused by intrauterine device (IUD). A 74-years-old woman presented with irritable voiding symptoms and a dislocated IUD into the peritoneal cavity was discovered incidentally during radiologic imaging. While a Lippes loop IUD had been inserted 35 years previously, she had a history of hysterectomy 10 years after an IUD insertion. Not only the patient had forgotten the presence of the IUD, but also it was unnoticed during hysterectomy. Patient has remained asymptomatic for over the 25 years, with the prolonged use of dislocated IUD. The patient managed conservatively and no need for surgical intervention. Once a gynaecologist is faced with the dilemma of whether it is necessary to remove a dislocated IUD or not, patients should undergo an individualized management, balancing both risks and benefits of surgical intervention. Asymptomatic elderly patients with comorbidities may benefit from conservative management with close monitoring.

Coronary artery-left ventricular microfistulae associated with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A 58 year-old Caucasian man was admitted to the coronary care unit with angina pectoris. There were deep inverted T waves and ST segment depression at anterior precordial derivations. Coronary angiography revealed widespread coronary artery to left ventricular microfistulae arising from distal portions of both left and right coronary systems. Left ventriculography and transthoracic echocardiography revealed typical features of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Angina pectoris was alleviated by beta-blocker therapy. Both multiple coronary artery to left ventricular microfistulae and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are rare conditions and little is known about pathophysiological and clinical aspects of this combination. Accumulating evidence will provide us this information so that the management of the patients will be enhanced. (Cardiol J 2011; 18, 3: 307–309

Wet Cupping Therapy Improves the Parameters of Ventricular Repolarization

Background: Cupping therapy (CT) is an ancient medical treatment since antiquity and is used for the treatment of such various disease states as contagious diseases, chronic or acute inflammatory disease, and autoimmune disorders. Ventricular repolarization is represented by QT and corrected-QT (QTc) intervals from surface electrocardiography.Objectives: As novel repolarization parameters, Tpeak-toTend (Tp-Te) interval, and Tp-Te/QT and Tp-Te/ QTc ratios are suggested to correlate better with ventricular arrhythmia risk in various clinical conditions than sole QT and QTc intervals. In this study, we aimed to determine whether these parameters changed significantly after CT in healthy individuals.Methods: One hundred and twenty participants (57 women and 63 men; mean age: 49.0 +/- 13.0 years) participated in this study. ECGs strips were recorded 1 hour before and 1 hour after CT from each participant, and relevant ECG parameters were compared.Results: Tp-Te interval [69.51 +/- 11.54 msec vs 63.15 +/- 10.89 msec, p = 0.001], Tp-Te/QT ratio [0.191 +/- 0.030 vs 0.174 +/- 0.031, p = 0.002] and Tp-Te/QTc ratio [0.175 +/- 0.030 vs 0.159 +/- 0.026, p = 0.001] were found to be significantly decreased 1 hour after the procedure compared with the pre-procedure values. However, no statistically significant change was observed in mean heart rate, QT and QTc intervals, QT/ QRS and cQT/QRS, and frontal QRS/T angle after the procedure compared with the same parameters before the procedure (p > 0.05).Conclusions: In accordance with the results of our study, it is plausible to conclude that CT may exert cardioprotective effect. However, larger scale prospective studies are needed to support our findings. (c) 2020 Medical Association of Pharmacopuncture Institute, Publishing services by Elsevier B.V

Türkiye'de Bahçe Bitkileri Konusunda Organik Üretime Yönelik Yapılan Ar-Ge Çalışmalarının Etki Değerlemesi I Organik Bahçe Bitkileri Konusunda Yapılmış Tagem Destekli Dört Ar-Ge Çalışmasının Etki Değerlemesi

Türkiye'de organik tarım konusunda yürütülen araştırma çalışmaları iki farklı yöntem izlemiştir. Araştırma faaliyetlerinin bir kısmı araştırma enstitülerinin kendi arazisinde yürütülürken, bir kısmı ise üretici bahçelerinde yürütülmektedir. Bu projede, enstitü bahçesinde ve üretici bahçesinde yürütülen dört farklı araştırma projesinin makro ve mikro etkilerinin, bu etkilerin ortaya çıkmasında yer alan yayım kanalları ile ihtiyaç duyulan Ar-Ge çalışmaları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu projelerde ele alınan türlerin organik yetiştiriciliğinin yapıldığı ve araştırmaların yürütüldüğü üretici bahçelerinin olduğu illerde (Aydın, Bursa, Konya, Manisa) çok tabakalı gayeli örnekleme ile belirlenen örnek hacmine göre üreticilerle anket yolu ile veriler toplanmıştır. Ayrıca, işleyici/ihracatçı firmalar, sözü geçen illerdeki Tarım İl Müdürlüğü Organik Tarım Timleri, organik tarım araştırmaları yapan araştırma enstitülerinden elde edilen birincil veriler ile, organik ürün fiyatları, organik tarım politikaları ve benzeri ikincil veriler araştırmada materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde, brüt kar, iç karlılık oranı, fayda/masraf oranı gibi ekonomik analizler kullanılmıştır

Problems of Accounting Professionals Residing in Istanbul and the Suggested Solutions

Some problems of accounting professionals in Turkey were solved with the introduction of Law on Public Accountants, Certified Public Accountants and Sworn-in Certified Public Accountants in 1989. However, many other problems still remain to be solved for accountants in Turkey as of 2018. There were two main objectives of this study. The first one was to identify the problems faced by accounting professionals living in Istanbul, Turkey and the second one was to come up with solutions for these problems. The eesearch took advantage of questionnaire methodology. According to research findings, accounting occupation doesn’t have a professional identity in Turkey. Also, accounting education given in universities is perceived as inadequate. The leading reason why accounting professionals are only considered as bookkeepers in Turkey is knowledge defficiencies. The main motivation behind choosing the accountant career path is commercial (monetary). The leading reason for lack of confidence against accountants in Turkey is ignorance of accounting ethics. Lack of practice is the leading deficiency concerning accounting education in Turkey. This is followed by insufficient accounting ethics education. Leading problems of accounting professionals in Turkish business life are economical. Our literature review shows that, expectations from public authorities, professional accounting chambers and bodies increase to solve the problems of accounting professionals. Thus, the suggested solutions by this study to eliminate determined problems of accounting professionals should be evaluated and considered by public authorities, professional accounting chambers and bodies. Moreover, effective communication, coordination and agreement on legal arrangements must be present among accounting professionals, chambers, bodies and public authorities to solve the problems of accounting professionals residing in Istanbul, Turkey

Determination of aluminum rolling oil and machinery oil residues on finished aluminum sheet and foil using elemental analysis and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with multivariate calibration

Light Metals 2014 - TMS 2014 Annual Meeting and Exhibition; San Diego, CA; United States; 16 February 2014 through 20 February 2014The surface characteristics of rolled aluminum products such as sheets and foils are strongly affected by the particular rolling process and the type of aluminum rolling oil compositions. After the rolling process, coiled aluminum sheets and foils undergoes annealing to form desired crystal structure and remove the rolling oil residues. Depending on the time and the temperature that rolled aluminum exposed for annealing, rolling oil residues are mostly removed from the coiled aluminum products but if there is any contamination in rolling oil due to hydraulic and gearing parts of the rolling systems these heavier oils are not easily evaporates from the aluminum surfaces especially inner parts of the coiled aluminum sheets and foils. These rolling oil contaminants create serious problems for the some specific applications of these aluminum products in certain industries such as automotive and coating as remaining thin oil layer prevents proper painting and coating. Therefore, it is very crucial for the rolling industry to be able to monitor the heavy oil contamination on the rolled products and determine the source of these contaminants .In this study, it was aimed to develop a nondestructive infrared spectroscopic method combined with chemometric multivariate calibration techniques for the quantitative determination of rolling oil residues and contaminants on the rolled aluminum products. To be able to generate multivariate calibration methods, an industrial elemental analysis system was adopted for the quantitative determination of heavy oil contaminants on the rolled aluminum products and these were used as reference values for infrared analysis of the same samples. In addition, apart from conventional use of elemental analysis systems for the total organic analysis, the raw data (raw chromatogram) obtained from elemental analysis was used to directly generate multivariate calibration models for each contaminant by using synthetically contaminated surfaces as the calibration samples. The results promised that elemental analysis can be used not just for the total organic content but also specifically to determine amount of each contaminant on the aluminum surfaces, it is also, expected that infrared spectroscopy with grazing angle spectra collection accessories can be used for nondestructive analysis of these contaminants.s