Labour Market Institutions and Labour Market Performance in the European Union

The presented article deals with labour market institutions and labour market performance in the European Union. The first chapter is devoted to theoretical and methodological background of labour market performance. Theoretical literature has created a set of institutional aspects such as employment protection legislation, structure of wage bargaining, taxation of labour, active labour market policy, the system of unemployment and social benefits. All these aspects determine the institutional framework of labour market. Theoretical literature also has defined labour market flexibility as an instrument for adjustment process in case of asymmetric shock. Attention is also paid to influence of these institutional aspects on employment or unemployment. The second chapter is composed of the comparative analysis of selected criteria and corresponding economic indicators of the EU member states. The author has chosen the method of comparative analysis as the basic method for accomplishing the goal of the paper - to analyse the labour market institutions and their contribution to labour market performance in the EU member states. The evidence shows that the labour market flexibility in the Visegrad group countries is better than average of old EU-15 member states. However, this level of flexibility is much behind the level of USA or Anglo-Saxon countries. The main problem of Visegrad group is long-term unemployment and its composition and a lower level of employment. The author assumes that improving these indicators is one of the most important tasks for political-economic authorities.Labour market; tax wedge; wage bargaing, EMU; integration, labour market flexibility

Labour Market Flexibility: the Case of Visegrad Countries

The presented article deals with labour market institutions and labour market flexibility in the Visegrád countries. We can find out in theoretical literature a traditional set of institutional aspects such as employment protection legislation, structure of wage bargaining, taxation of labour, active labour market policies, the system of unemployment and social benefits. All these aspects determine the institutional framework of the labour market. Theoretical literature also has defined labour market flexibility as an instrument for adjustment process in case of asymmetric shock. The article is composed of the comparative analysis of selected criteria and corresponding economic indicators of the EU member states (EU-15 and V-4). The evidence shows that the values of labour market flexibility in the Visegrád group countries were higher than average of old EU-15 member states.labour market; institutional aspects; employment protection legislation; tax wedge; labour market flexibility; unemployment benefits; active labour market policies; Visegrád countries; European Union

INTERNATIONAL DIVISION OF LABOUR IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALISATION: THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Division of labour is the specialization of cooperative labour in specific, circumscribed tasks and roles, intended to increase the productivity of labour. Historically the growth of a more and more complex division of labour is closely associated with the growth of total output and trade, the rise of capitalism, and of the complexity of industrialization processes. The revealed comparative advantage (RCA) measures the intensity of trade specialisation of a country within the world. We try to analyse Czech foreign trade on the base of indices of revealed comparative advantage with respect to world exports into the EU-27 and with the EU-27 Member states and over time. Most important Czech export and import products into EU are different kinds of machines, electrical equipment, and transport vehicles (car industry) and related parts. Presented analysis also indicates that Czech Republic has revealed comparative advantage in SITC sections of 6 a 7 only.division of labour, comparative advantage, absolute advantage, revealed comparative advantage, Czech Republic

Labour Market Institutions and Labour Market Performance in the European Union

The presented article deals with labour market institutions and labour market performance in the European Union. The first chapter is devoted to theoretical and methodological background of labour market performance. Theoretical literature has created a set of institutional aspects such as employment protection legislation, structure of wage bargaining, taxation of labour, active labour market policy, the system of unemployment and social benefits. All these aspects determine the institutional framework of labour market. Theoretical literature also has defined labour market flexibility as an instrument for adjustment process in case of asymmetric shock. Attention is also paid to influence of these institutional aspects on employment or unemployment. The second chapter is composed of the comparative analysis of selected criteria and corresponding economic indicators of the EU member states. The author has chosen the method of comparative analysis as the basic method for accomplishing the goal of the paper - to analyse the labour market institutions and their contribution to labour market performance in the EU member states. The evidence shows that the labour market flexibility in the Visegrad group countries is better than average of old EU-15 member states. However, this level of flexibility is much behind the level of USA or Anglo-Saxon countries. The main problem of Visegrad group is long-term unemployment and its composition and a lower level of employment. The author assumes that improving these indicators is one of the most important tasks for political-economic authorities

Labour Market Flexibility: the Case of Visegrad Countries

The presented article deals with labour market institutions and labour market flexibility in the Visegrád countries. We can find out in theoretical literature a traditional set of institutional aspects such as employment protection legislation, structure of wage bargaining, taxation of labour, active labour market policies, the system of unemployment and social benefits. All these aspects determine the institutional framework of the labour market. Theoretical literature also has defined labour market flexibility as an instrument for adjustment process in case of asymmetric shock. The article is composed of the comparative analysis of selected criteria and corresponding economic indicators of the EU member states (EU-15 and V-4). The evidence shows that the values of labour market flexibility in the Visegrád group countries were higher than average of old EU-15 member states

Research Note Effects of preincubation and higher initiating incubation temperature of long-term stored hatching eggs on hatchability and day-old chick and yolk sac weight

We studied the effect of increased initial incubation temperature and repeated preincubation of 35-d stored eggs from 46 week old Ross 308 parental stock on the hatchability and day-old chick and yolk sac weight. Two different temperatures were applied during the first 36h and they were combined with four preincubation treatments during storage. One half of the hatching eggs (2400) were incubated for the first 36h at an incubation temperature of 38.3 oC, and the second half were incubated at a higher temperature of 39.2 oC. Four different preincubations were applied; none, once at the 7th day of hatching egg storage, twice at the 7th and 12th days of storage and three times at the 7th, 12th and 19th days of storage. Both preincubation and increased temperature had negative effects on hatchability (P<0.001). The interaction between these two factors was also significant (P<0.05). These two factors also negatively affected early and late embryonic mortality (P<0.001). However, middle embryonic mortality was not influenced. Live weight, weight of residual yolk sac and yolk sac proportion were not affected by repeated preincubation nor by increased temperature over the first 36h of incubation (P>0.05). A higher initial temperature decreased chick yolk free body mass (P<0.05).Although neither increased initial temperature in the setter nor repeated preincubation affected one day old chick weights, these treatments were not suitable for long-term stored eggs because of decreased hatchability and impairment of one day chick quality expressed as yolk free body mass.O

Labour Market Institutions and Labour Market Performance in the European Union

The presented article deals with labour market institutions and labour market performance in the European Union. The first chapter is devoted to theoretical and methodological background of labour market performance. Theoretical literature has created a set of institutional aspects such as employment protection legislation, structure of wage bargaining, taxation of labour, active labour market policy, the system of unemployment and social benefits. All these aspects determine the institutional framework of labour market. Theoretical literature also has defined labour market flexibility as an instrument for adjustment process in case of asymmetric shock. Attention is also paid to influence of these institutional aspects on employment or unemployment. The second chapter is composed of the comparative analysis of selected criteria and corresponding economic indicators of the EU member states. The author has chosen the method of comparative analysis as the basic method for accomplishing the goal of the paper - to analyse the labour market institutions and their contribution to labour market performance in the EU member states. The evidence shows that the labour market flexibility in the Visegrad group countries is better than average of old EU-15 member states. However, this level of flexibility is much behind the level of USA or Anglo-Saxon countries. The main problem of Visegrad group is long-term unemployment and its composition and a lower level of employment. The author assumes that improving these indicators is one of the most important tasks for political-economic authorities

Fostering regional development in eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece, through road transport projects

The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the extent to which the road transport projects implemented within the Greek National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) 2007–2013 contributed to the economic development of eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. These projects were included in the respective regional operational programs co-financed by the European Union (EU) and national funds. The paper discusses the EU’s regional and cohesion policy which aims at reducing regional inequalities and ensuring social, economic and territorial cohesion. In Greece, cohesion policy implementation for the 2007–2013 period was achieved through the NSRF, 2007–2013, whose training philosophy and the priorities that it set are the focus of the present study. The research area concerns the region of eastern Macedonia and Thrace and, more specifically, the 21 municipalities that it consists of. One of the main conclusions of the study is that public expenditure on the projects is directly associated with the area covered by the municipalities, as well as with the length of the road network improved. However, no correlation with the population of municipalities or the gross domestic product (GDP) of each regional unit has been observed. Our findings suggest that decisions for efficient allocation of infrastructure resources in a region by policy makers should not be based on single characteristics such as regional population density, but rather on more complex considerations, such as existing natural resources, geomorphological characteristics and location

Studium vlivu slechteni na vyssi zmasilost a reprodukcni uzitkovost prasnic

Available from STL Prague, CZ / NTK - National Technical LibrarySIGLECZCzech Republi