TIME Perspective and Psychological Problems Among Adolescents Affected by Violent Conflict in Indonesia

Conflicts and wars in several areas in Indonesia have caused a large number of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs). IDPs adolescents are a vulnerable group for developing psychological problems. There was a concern about the form of time perspective that these adolescents have and its relationship with the occurrence of psychological problems in thefuture. However, there is a lack of studies of internally displaced persons that assess the relationship between psychological distress and time perspective in low income countries. The study aim was to assess psychological status and time perspective of adolescents who were affected by violent conflict in Indonesia. Cross sectional community based study. Questionnaires were used to obtain data from 129 adolescents whose lives were affected by violent conflict, both displaced and non-displaced. Subjects were selected by simple random sampling. Displaced adolescentswere present-past oriented, while non-displaced adolescents were future oriented. Displaced adolescents had more difficulties compared to non-displaced adolescents, especially in emotional symptoms. Factors like migration status, gender and religion have partial significance toward time dominance and psychological problems. There is a significant association between time perspective and psychological problems in which present-past oriented adolescents had greater difficulties than future oriented adolescents. The most common problem was emotional symptoms, especially anxiety problems

The accuracy of Hopkins Symptom Checklist – 25 (HSCL-25) depression subscales (Indonesian version) on adolescents

Hopkins Symptom Checklist - 25 (HSCL-25) depression subscale is an easy-to-use and mainstream screening tool to detect symptoms of an early stage depression, including for adolescents. Previous studies conducted all over the countries indicated that HSCL-25 has relatively good accuracy. However, there remains to be no accuracy testing of the HSCL-25 in Indonesia. Our study aimed to examine the accuracy of HSCL-25 depression subscales (Indonesian version) in contrast to the semi-structured diagnostic interview as the gold standard. This is a non-experimental study by conducting a diagnostic interview on 40 participants. The diagnostic status obtained from the interviews was then compared to the HSCL-25 scores from the previous study. We analyzed the data using cross-tabulation, Pearson, chi-square, and Receiver Operatic Characteristics (ROC) analysis to obtain the accuracy and optimum cut-off score. Our findings show that HSCL-25 depression subscales have good sensitivity and fairly good specificity. The cut-off score used in this study was optimum to be used as a cut-off point in the prevention context. Thus, we conclude that, with the current optimum cut-off score, HSCL-25 depression subscale is a reasonably good instrument for detecting symptoms of early depression among adolescents

Perceived Peer Social Support dan Psychological Distress Mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan psychological distress antara mahasiswa yang memiliki perceived peer social support dengan mahasiswa yang tidak memiliki perceived peer social support. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan alat ukur HSCL-25 untuk mengetahui psychological distress partisipan dan data demografis untuk membedakan antara partisipan yang memiliki perceived peer social support dengan yang tidak. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 666 mahasiswa S1 program reguler Universitas Indonesia yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik acak. Teknik statistik yang digunakan adalah independent sample t-test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan psychological distress yang signifikan antara mahasiswa UI yang memiliki perceived peer social support dengan mahasiswa UI yang tidak memiliki perceived peer social support. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena psychological distress tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh perceived peer social support, tetapi juga faktor-faktor lain.Keywords: HSCL-25 questionnaire, perceived peer social support, psychological distress, students random samplin

Sifat Kepribadian Dan Stres Psikologis Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia

Previous researchs showed that there is a relationship between personality trait andpsychological distress. This study aims to describe the dominant personality traits among thestudents of University of Indonesia (UI) and to investigate the relationship between dominantpersonality traits of the students and the psychological distress. This is a quantitative studywith 702 undergraduate students at UI. The participants were recruited through randomsampling. The instruments of the study were Neuroticism Extraversion Openness PersonalityInventory (NEO-PI) for determining the dominant personality trait, and the HopkinsSymptoms Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) for measuring their psychological distress. The resultshowed that the most common dominant personality trait found in this study was neuroticism(31,5%). There was a significant relationship between dominant trait neuroticism withpsychological distress among the students of Universitas Indonesia (r = 0,415, p < 0.01). Thedominant traits among the students of UI were consecutively were neuroticism,conscientiousness, openness to experience, extraversion, and agreeableness. The students withthe dominant trait of neuroticism possessed high level of psychological distress. Noassociations were found between psychological distress and other dominant personality trait

The mental health of populations directly and indirectly exposed to violent conflict in Indonesia

Background Large disasters affect people who live both near and far from the areas in which they occur. The mental health impact is expected to be similar to a ripple effect, where the risk of mental health consequences generally decreases with increasing distance from the disaster center. However, we have not been able to identify studies of the ripple effect of man-made disaster on mental health in low-income countries. Objectives The objective was to examine the hypothesis of a ripple effect on the mental health consequences in populations exposed to man-made disasters in a developing country context, through a comparison of two different populations living in different proximities from the center of disaster in Mollucas. Methods Cross-sectional longitudinal data were collected from 510 Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) living in Ambon, who were directly exposed to the violence, and non-IDPs living in remote villages in Mollucas, Indonesia, who had never been directly exposed to violence in Mollucas. Data were collected during home visits and statistical comparisons were conducted by using chi square tests, t-test and logistic regression. Results There was significantly more psychological distress "caseness" in IDPs than non-IDPs. The mental health consequences of the violent conflict in Ambon supported the ripple effect hypothesis as displacement status appears to be a strong risk factor for distress, both as a main effect and interaction effect. Significantly higher percentages of IDPs experienced traumatic events than non-IDPs in all six event types reported. Conclusions This study indicates that the conflict had an impact on mental health and economic conditions far beyond the area where the actual violent events took place, in a diminishing pattern in line with the hypothesis of a ripple effect

The accuracy of Hopkins Symptom Checklist – 25 (HSCL-25) depression subscales (Indonesian version) on adolescents

Hopkins Symptom Checklist - 25 (HSCL-25) depression subscales is an easy-to-use, mainstream screening to detect early stage of depression symptoms, including on adolescents. The accuracy studies of HSCL-25 conducted all over the countries indicated a relatively good accuracy. However, there has been no accuracy testing on HSCL-25 in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of HSCL-25 depression subscales (Indonesian version) by comparing it to semi-structured diagnostic interview as the gold standard. This was a non-experimental study by diagnostic interviewing 40 participants. The results of depression status from the interview then compared to HSCL-25 depression subscales scores from previous study. The results analyzed using crosstabs, pearson chi square, and Receiver Operatic Characteristic (ROC) analysis to obtain the accuracy and the optimum cut-off score. The results show that HSCL-25 depression subscales have a good sensitivity (87.5%) and fairly good specificity (65.4%) with the +LR of 2.5 and –LR of .2. The cut-off score used in this study (1.75) was optimum to be used as a cut-off point in the prevention context. Then it can be conclude that HSCL-25 have a fairly good accuracy and the current cut-off score used was already good for detecting the early depression symptoms among adolescents.</p