34,854 research outputs found
Pressure Contact Sounding Data for NASA's Atmospheric Variability Experiment (AVE 3)
The basic rawinsonde data are described at each pressure contact from the surface to sounding termination for the 41 stations participating in the AVE III measurement program that began at 0000 GMT on February 6 and ended at 1200 GMT on February 7, 1975. Soundings were taken at 3-hour intervals during a large period of the experiment from most stations within the United States east of about 105 degrees west longitude. Methods of data processing, change in reduction scheme since the AVE II pilot experiment, and data accuracy are briefly discussed. An example of contact data is presented, and microfiche cards of all the contact data are included in the appendix. The AVE III project was conducted to better understand and establish the extent of applications for meteorological satellite sensor data through correlative ground truth experiments and to provide basic experimental data for use in studies of atmospheric scales of-motion interrelationships
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Identification of Trace Organic Components in the CR Chondrites by 4D TOFMS
This paper reports preliminary results of a 4D TOFMS study of CR chondrite organic material, highlighting the low-level organic species that may further reveal the complexity of parent body modification of interstellar precursors
Preliminary basic performance analysis of the Cedar multiprocessor memory system
Some preliminary basic results on the performance of the Cedar multiprocessor memory system are presented. Empirical results are presented and used to calibrate a memory system simulator which is then used to discuss the scalability of the system
Turbulent Mixing in the Outer Solar Nebula
The effects of turbulence on the mixing of gases and dust in the outer Solar
nebula are examined using 3-D MHD calculations in the shearing-box
approximation with vertical stratification. The turbulence is driven by the
magneto-rotational instability. The magnetic and hydrodynamic stresses in the
turbulence correspond to an accretion time at the midplane about equal to the
lifetimes of T Tauri disks, while accretion in the surface layers is thirty
times faster. The mixing resulting from the turbulence is also fastest in the
surface layers. The mixing rate is similar to the rate of radial exchange of
orbital angular momentum, so that the Schmidt number is near unity. The
vertical spreading of a trace species is well-matched by solutions of a damped
wave equation when the flow is horizontally-averaged. The damped wave
description can be used to inexpensively treat mixing in 1-D chemical models.
However, even in calculations reaching a statistical steady state, the
concentration at any given time varies substantially over horizontal planes,
due to fluctuations in the rate and direction of the transport. In addition to
mixing species that are formed under widely varying conditions, the turbulence
intermittently forces the nebula away from local chemical equilibrium. The
different transport rates in the surface layers and interior may affect
estimates of the grain evolution and molecular abundances during the formation
of the Solar system.Comment: To appear in the Astrophysical Journal; 20 pages, 9 figure
Making a financial time machine:a multitouch application to enable interactive 3-D visualization of distant savings goals
Financial planning and decision making for the general public continues to vex and perplex in equal measure. Whilst the tools presented by a typical desktop computer should make the task easier, the recent financial crisis confirms the increasing difficulty that people have in calculating the benefits of deferring consumption for future gains (i.e. Saving). We present an interactive concept demonstration for Microsoft SurfaceTM that tackles two of the key barriers to saving decision making. Firstly we show an interface that avoid the laborious writing down or inputting of data and instead embodies the cognitive decision of allocation of resources in a physical gesture based interface, where the scale of the investment or expenditure correlates with the scale of the gesture. Second we show how a fast-forward based animation can demonstrate the impact of small increments in savings to a long term savings goal in a strategy game-based, interactive format. The platform uses custom software (XNATM format) as opposed to the more usual WPFTM format found on Surface applications. This enables dynamic 3-D graphical icons to be used to maximize the interactive appeal of the interface. Demonstration and test trial feedback indicates that this platform can be adapted to suit the narrative of individual purchasing decisions to inform educate diverse user groups about the long term consequences of small financial decisions
Indirect Self-Modulation Instability Measurement Concept for the AWAKE Proton Beam
AWAKE, the Advanced Proton-Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment,
is a proof-of-principle R&D experiment at CERN using a 400 GeV/c proton beam
from the CERN SPS (longitudinal beam size sigma_z = 12 cm) which will be sent
into a 10 m long plasma section with a nominal density of approx. 7x10^14
atoms/cm3 (plasma wavelength lambda_p = 1.2mm). In this paper we show that by
measuring the time integrated transverse profile of the proton bunch at two
locations downstream of the AWAKE plasma, information about the occurrence of
the self-modulation instability (SMI) can be inferred. In particular we show
that measuring defocused protons with an angle of 1 mrad corresponds to having
electric fields in the order of GV/m and fully developed self-modulation of the
proton bunch. Additionally, by measuring the defocused beam edge of the
self-modulated bunch, information about the growth rate of the instability can
be extracted. If hosing instability occurs, it could be detected by measuring a
non-uniform defocused beam shape with changing radius. Using a 1 mm thick
Chromox scintillation screen for imaging of the self-modulated proton bunch, an
edge resolution of 0.6 mm and hence a SMI saturation point resolution of 1.2 m
can be achieved.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, EAAC conference proceeding
Likelihood of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage in patients with normal unenhanced CT, CSF xanthochromia on spectrophotometry and negative CT angiography
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Microbiological influences on fracture surfaces of intact mudstone and the implications for geological disposal of radioactive waste
The significance of the potential impacts of microbial activity on the transport properties of host rocks for geological repositories is an area of active research. Most recent work has focused on granitic environments. This paper describes pilot studies investigating changes in transport properties that are produced by microbial activity in sedimentary rock environments in northern Japan. For the first time, these short experiments (39 days maximum) have shown that the denitrifying bacteria, Pseudomonas denitrificans, can survive and thrive when injected into flow-through column experiments containing fractured diatomaceous mudstone and synthetic groundwater under pressurized conditions. Although there were few significant changes in the fluid chemistry, changes in the permeability of the biotic column, which can be explained by the observed biofilm formation, were quantitatively monitored. These same methodologies could also be adapted to obtain information from cores originating from a variety of geological environments including oil reservoirs, aquifers and toxic waste disposal sites to provide an understanding of the impact of microbial activity on the transport of a range of solutes, such as groundwater contaminants and gases (e.g. injected carbon dioxide)
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