Interactive Surface Chemistry of CO2 and NO2 on Metal Oxide Surfaces: Competition for Catalytic Adsorption Sites and Reactivity

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Interactive surface chemistry of CO2 and NO2 on BaOx/Pt(111) model catalyst surfaces were investigated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) techniques with a particular emphasis on the competition between different adsorbates for the catalytic adsorption sites and adsorbate-induced morphological changes. After NO2 adsorption, nitrated BaO x/Pt(111) surfaces do not reveal available adsorption sites for CO2 at 323 K, irrespective of the presence/absence of exposed Pt sites on the surface. Although NO2 adsorption on thick BaO x(>10MLE)/Pt(111) overlayers at 323 K leads to the formation of predominantly nitrate species, NO2 adsorption on the corresponding carbonated surface leads to the formation of coexisting nitrates and nitrites. The presence of carbonates on BaOx/Pt(111) overlayers does not prevent NO2 uptake. Carbonated BaOx(1.5 MLE)/Pt(111) surfaces (with exposed Pt sites) obtained via CO2 adsorption can also further interact with NO2, forming surface nitrate/nitrite species, accompanied by the transformation of surface carbonates into bulk carbonate species. These results suggest that the nitrate formation process requires the presence of two adjacent unoccupied adsorption sites. It is apparent that in the presence of both NO2 and CO2, carbonate species formed on Lewis base (O2-) sites enable the formation of nitrites on Lewis acid (Ba2+) sites. Thermal aging, nitration, and carbonation have a direct impact on the morphology of the two-/three-dimensional (2D/3D) BaO x aggregates on Pt(111). While thermal aging in vacuum leads to the sintering of the BaOx domains, nitration and carbonation results in redispersion and spreading of the BaOx domains on the Pt(111) substrate. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

A Bifunctional Photosensitizer for Enhanced Fractional Photodynamic Therapy: Singlet Oxygen Generation in the Presence and Absence of Light

The photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen within tumor tissues during photodynamic therapy (PDT) is self-limiting, as the already low oxygen concentrations within tumors is further diminished during the process. In certain applications, to minimize photoinduced hypoxia the light is introduced intermittently (fractional PDT) to allow time for the replenishment of cellular oxygen. This condition extends the time required for effective therapy. Herein, we demonstrated that a photosensitizer with an additional 2-pyridone module for trapping singlet oxygen would be useful in fractional PDT. Thus, in the light cycle, the endoperoxide of 2-pyridone is generated along with singlet oxygen. In the dark cycle, the endoperoxide undergoes thermal cycloreversion to produce singlet oxygen, regenerating the 2-pyridone module. As a result, the photodynamic process can continue in the dark as well as in the light cycles. Cell-culture studies validated this working principle in vitro. © 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA

Acetaldehyde partial oxidation on the Au(111) model catalyst surface: C-C bond activation and formation of methyl acetate as an oxidative coupling product

Partial oxidation of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) on the oxygen pre-covered Au(111) single crystal model catalyst was investigated via Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) and Temperature Programmed Reaction Spectroscopy (TPRS) techniques, where ozone (O3) was utilized as the oxygen delivery agent providing atomic oxygen to the reacting surface. We show that for low exposures of O3 and small surface oxygen coverages, two partial oxidation products namely, methyl acetate (CH3COOCH3) and acetic acid (CH3COOH) can be generated without the formation of significant quantities of carbon dioxide. The formation of methyl acetate as the oxidative coupling reaction product implies that oxygen pre-covered Au(111) single crystal model catalyst surface can activate C-C bonds. In addition to the generation of these products; indications of the polymerization of acetaldehyde on the gold surface were also observed as an additional reaction route competing with the partial and total oxidation pathways. The interplay between the partial oxidation, total oxidation and polymerization pathways reveals the complex catalytic chemistry associated with the interaction between the acetaldehyde and atomic oxygen on catalytic gold surfaces. © 2015 Elsevier B.V

PROCEEDINGS OF 3RD WORLD CONFERENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the emotional intelligence and metaprogram levels of sports administrators. The sample of this study is 100 volunteer sport administrators (the mean age of 30,08) who are active in Spor A.S. (Istanbul Sports Activities Company) and Province Directorate of Youth Services and Sports Istanbul. Data were obtained using a personal information form, Bar-on Emotional Intelligence Scale and the scale of metaprogram. SPSS statistics program was used for the findings of this study. In the evaluation of the data were used the frequency, t-test, ANOVA and correlation analysis. When looking the averages of emotional intelligence and metaprogram, emotional intelligence and its metaprograms were evaluated in the range of agree. It was seems in measurements of emotional intelligence of the Sports managers that they have agreed the optimism, happiness, problem solving, social responsibility, interpersonal relationships, empathy, self-esteem and self-determination sub-dimensions. It have been identified that in metaprogram sub-dimensions, they have agreed all sub-dimensions except result. When looking the gender, there is no difference in metaprogram but it have been identified that women are better than men on interpersonal relationships, emotional self-awareness sub-dimensions of the emotional intelligence. It was shown that there was a significant positive relationship between the sub-dimensions of the emotional intelligence and the sub-dimensions of the metaprogram of the sports managers (significant at the 0.05 level). (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd

PROCEEDINGS OF 3RD WORLD CONFERENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY

This study was carried out to examine emotional intelligence and leadership skills of trainers against certain factors. The study sample was composed of 99 people including 51 men and 48 women who were employed at Spor A. S. facilities in Istanbul and agreed to participate in the research. The research used the survey method. The sample group was administered the personal information form, Bar On Emotional intelligence scale and the leadership style survey developed by Davit R. Frew. The findings from the study were evaluated in the spss program and a frequency analysis, Anova, the Turkey Hsd test to identify which group caused the difference determined, and the Pearson Correlation analyses to identify the relation between emotional intelligence and leadership. As a result of the study, it was observed the trainers are autocratic in the leadership dimension; trainers in the e division were better in the social responsibility, interpersonal elations, and determination sub-dimensions of emotional intelligence; trainers have high level of emotional intelligence; and there is a positive correlation at p < 0.05 in impulse, realism and empathy dimensions between emotional intelligence and leadership. Furthermore, empathy as the sub dimension of emotional intelligence showed a significant difference (p < 0.27) based on gender. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd

Goal orientation and self-efficacy as predictors of male adolescent soccer players' motivation to participate

The purpose in this investigation was to determine whether or not goal orientation and self-efficacy level could predict the motivation to participate in adolescent male soccer players. Participants were 159 male soccer players aged 13 and 14 (M = 13.43, SD =.49). Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze data. Achievement/status and competition were positively predicted by ego orientation. Skill development was positively predicted by task orientation. Team affiliation, being active/movement, and fitness/energy were positively predicted by self-efficacy. Goal orientation and self-efficacy were not found to be significant predictors of fun and friendship. © Society for Personality Research

Minimizing capacitance value of interleaved power factor corrected boost converter for battery charger in electric vehicles

A dynamic voltage compensator (DVC) technique is presented for the minimizing of the capacitance value of the interleaved power factor corrected (PFC) boost converter for the battery charger in electric vehicles. This technique is based on eliminating the ripple on the capacitor by creating a voltage in the opposite direction as well as the amount of ripple on the capacitor. With the proposed method, the capacitance value is reduced by approximately five times. Reducing the size of the capacitor also provides the use of film-capacitors with a longer life. The other contribution of this study is designing a faster and more stable fully-digital control system, instead of the commonly used analogue controller of interleaved PFC boost converter. A 3.3 kW interleaved PFC boost converter is designed to verify the effect of the designed dynamic voltage compensator and digital controller. © 2019 Kauno Technologijos Universitetas. All rights reserved.Çukurova Üniversitesi: FDK-2018-11231Manuscript received 26 December, 2018; accepted 20 June, 2019. This research study is supported by the Scientific Research Project Unit of Çukurova University with the project number of FDK-2018-11231

Intelligent control of high energy efficient two-stage battery charger topology for electric vehicles

The energy efficiency of the battery charging system directly affects the distance which electric vehicles can get with per charge process. In addition, reducing current harmonics distortion (THD) increases the electrical quality and power conversion performance. This paper proposes intelligent control of high-efficiency two-stage battery charger topology for electric vehicles (EVs). In the first stage, for low harmonics of input current, high power factor and high efficiency, the average current mode controlled ac/dc boost power factor (pf) correction method constructed and analyzed with 98% efficiency and the power factor is achieved higher than 0.99. Additionally, in the second stage, for high energy efficiency, higher battery lifespan and allowing EVs to get more miles with per charge, a half-bridge LLC resonant converter controlled with a designed artificial neural network (ANN). Moreover, the LLC resonant converter controlled under dynamic load to analysis system from no-load to full-load. A 3.1 kW powered system has been designed for this study, the efficiency of the system has been calculated based on European efficiency standards and the peak efficiency of the whole system is 96.2%, the load voltage ripple is less than 0.5 V and also total harmonic distortion of the source current is less than 5%. © 2019 Elsevier Lt