595 research outputs found
Review of Solar and Reactor Neutrinos
Over the last several years, experiments have conclusively demonstrated that
neutrinos are massive and that they mix. There is now direct evidence for
s from the Sun transforming into other active flavors while en route to
the Earth. The disappearance of reactor s, predicted under the
assumption of neutrino oscillation, has also been observed. In this paper,
recent results from solar and reactor neutrino experiments and their
implications are reviewed. In addition, some of the future experimental
endeavors in solar and reactor neutrinos are presented.Comment: Proceedings of the XXII International Symposium on Lepton and Photon
Interactions at High Energy (Lepton-Photon 2005, June 30 to July 5, 2005,
Uppsala, Sweden). 11 figures, 5 table
Prospects for studying the solar CNO cycle by means of a lithium neutrino detector
Lithium detectors have a high sensitivity to CNO neutrinos from the Sun. The
present experimental data and prospects for future experiments on the detection
of CNO neutrinos are discussed. A nonstationary case is considered when the
flux of 13N neutrinos is higher than the standard solar model predicts due to
the influx of fresh material from the peripheral layers to the solar core.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, a thoroughly revised version, reported at
International Symposium "Physics of Massive Neutrinos" at MILOS (Greece)
19-23 May 200
Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy and Biomarkers: Where We Are and What We Can Hope for the Future.
Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is the most common autoimmune disease of the orbit. It occurs more often in patients presenting with hyperthyroidism, characteristic of Graves' disease, but may be associated with hypothyroidism or euthyroidism. The diagnosis of TAO is based on clinical orbital features, radiological criteria, and the potential association with thyroid disease. To date, there is no specific marker of the orbital disease, making the early diagnosis difficult, especially if the orbital involvement precedes the thyroid dysfunction.
The goal of this review is to present the disease and combine the available data in the literature concerning investigation of TAO biomarkers.
Despite the progress done in the understanding of TAO disease, some important pieces are still missing. Typically, for the future, major efforts have to be done in the discovery of new biomarkers, validation of the suspected candidates on multicenter cohorts with standardized methodologies, and establishment of their clinical performances on the specific clinical application fields in order to improve not only the management of the TAO patients but also the therapeutic options and follow-up
Status of the Solar Neutrino Puzzle
Using the latest results from the solar neutrino experiments and a few
standard assumptions, I show that the popular solar models are ruled out at the
3 level or at least TWO of the experiments are incorrect.
Alternatively, one of the assumptions could be in error. These assumptions are
spelled out in detail as well as how each one affects the argument.Comment: Latex, 8 pages + 4 uuencoded figures, minor changes made,
FERMILAB-PUB/273-
Neopterin plasma concentrations in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Correlation with infection and long-term outcome
© AANS, 2016. Objective Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. The main predictor for the poor outcome is the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) scale. However, this scale does not take into account proinflammatory events, such as infection occurring after the aSAH, which could modify the long-term status of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate neopterin as an inflammatory biomarker for outcome and infection prediction in aSAH patients. Methods Plasma concentrations of neopterin were measured in 61 aSAH patients (22 male and 39 female; mean age [± SD] 52.8 ± 11.8 years) using a commercial ELISA kit. Samples were collected daily for 10 days. Outcome at 12 months was determined using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and dichotomized as poor (GOS score 1, 2, or 3) or good (GOS score 4 or 5). Infection was determined by the presence of a positive bacterial culture. Results Patients with poor outcome at 12 months had higher concentrations of neopterin than patients with good outcome. In the same way, patients who had an infection during the hospitalization had significantly higher concentrations of neopterin than patients without infection (p = 0.001). Moreover, neopterin concentrations were significantly (p < 0.008) elevated in infected patients 2 days before infection detection and antibiotic therapy. Conclusions Neopterin is an efficient outcome predictor after aSAH. Furthermore, it is able to differentiate between infected and uninfected patients as early as 2 days before clinical signs of infection, facilitating earlier antibiotic therapy and better management
Semi-Empirical Bound on the Chlorinr-37 Solar Neutrino Experiment
The Kamiokande measurement of energetic Boron-8 neutrinos from the sun is
used to set a lower bound on the contribution of the same neutrinos to the
signal in the \Chlorine\ experiment. Implications for Beryllium-7 neutrinos are
discussed.Comment: Latex, 6 pages + 1 postscript figure (included). UTAPHY-HEP-
Polyethylene imine-based receptor immobilization for label free bioassays
Polyethylene imine (PEI) based immobilization of antibodies is described and the concept is proved on the
label free assay of C-Reactive Protein (CRP). This novel immobilization method is composed of a hyperbranched
PEI layer which was deposited at a high pH (9.5) on the sensor surface. The free amino groups
of PEI were derivatized with neutravidin by Biotin N-hydroxysuccinimide ester and the biotinylated
anti-CRP antibody immobilized on this layer. Direct binding assay of recombinant CRP was successfully
performed in the low μg/ml concentrations using a label free optical waveguide biosensor
Solar Neutrino Oscillation Diagnostics at Superkamiokande and Sno
Results for solar neutrino detection from the SuperKamiokande collaboration
have been presented recently while those from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
are expected in the near future. These experiments are sensitive to the 8B
neutrinos from the sun, the shape of whose spectrum is well-known but the
normalisation is less certain. We propose several variables, insensitive to the
absolute flux of the incident beam, which probe the shape of the observed
spectrum and can sensitively signal neutrino oscillations. They provide methods
to extract the neutrino mixing angle and mass splitting from the data and also
to distinguish oscillation to sequential neutrinos from those to a sterile
neutrino.Comment: 11 pages Latex, 2 figure
S^1 \times S^2 as a bag membrane and its Einstein-Weyl geometry
In the hybrid skyrmion in which an Anti-de Sitter bag is imbedded into the
skyrmion configuration a S^{1}\times S^{2} membrane is lying on the
compactified spatial infinity of the bag [H. Rosu, Nuovo Cimento B 108, 313
(1993)]. The connection between the quark degrees of freedom and the mesonic
ones is made through the membrane, in a way that should still be clarified from
the standpoint of general relativity and topology. The S^1 \times S^2 membrane
as a 3-dimensional manifold is at the same time a Weyl-Einstein space. We make
here an excursion through the mathematical body of knowledge in the
differential geometry and topology of these spaces which is expected to be
useful for hadronic membranesComment: 9pp in latex, minor correction
Sensitivity of the g-mode frequencies to pulsation codes and their parameters
From the recent work of the Evolution and Seismic Tools Activity (ESTA,
Lebreton et al. 2006; Monteiro et al. 2008), whose Task 2 is devoted to compare
pulsational frequencies computed using most of the pulsational codes available
in the asteroseismic community, the dependence of the theoretical frequencies
with non-physical choices is now quite well fixed. To ensure that the accuracy
of the computed frequencies is of the same order of magnitude or better than
the observational errors, some requirements in the equilibrium models and the
numerical resolutions of the pulsational equations must be followed. In
particular, we have verified the numerical accuracy obtained with the Saclay
seismic model, which is used to study the solar g-mode region (60 to
140Hz). We have compared the results coming from the Aarhus adiabatic
pulsation code (ADIPLS), with the frequencies computed with the Granada Code
(GraCo) taking into account several possible choices. We have concluded that
the present equilibrium models and the use of the Richardson extrapolation
ensure an accuracy of the order of in the determination of the
frequencies, which is quite enough for our purposes.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Solar Physic
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