B-Cell Precursors: Immunophenotypic Features in the Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia

Minimal residual disease (MRD) as a tool to monitor response to therapy is both a criterion for detailed risk stratification and an independent prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Immunological assays particularly flow cytometry (FC) are priority methods in MRD monitoring. Multicolor flow cytometry makes it possible to most fully characterize the immunophenotype of tumor B lymphoblasts and reveal leukemia-associated immunophenotypes not only according to the CD58 and CD38 antigens but also as an additional criterion of aberrancy. This allows you to identify and select individual criteria for further monitoring of minimal residual disease for each patient with ALL. The aim of this chapter is to compare immunophenotyping features of normal B-cell precursors and B-lymphoblasts in acute leukemia and to show possibilities of use of a leukemia-associated immunophenotype in monitoring of the MRD

Splenectomy in Gastric Cancer: Influence of B Lymphocytes

The spleen is the largest peripheral organ of the immune system. The standard volume of lymphodissection in stomach cancer during gastrectomy or proximal resection is D2, which implies splenectomy. Immunity disorders in patients after splenectomy primarily affect the B cell immune response. Peripheral blood B-lymphocytes subpopulations have been studied in patients with gastric cancer. Group 1 - patients with gastrectomy, D2 lymphodissection, group 2 - patients with gastrectomy, D2-lymphodissection, splenectomy. Evaluation of the expression of antigens (CD20, CD21, CD23, CD38, HLA-DR, CD71, CD10, CD95, CD25, CD5, CD56, κ- and λ-light was performed in the gate of CD19+ cells. Among peripheral blood lymphocytes the presence of CD19+CD5+ B cells (B1a cells), some of which express the activation antigens CD38 and CD23 is found; a small part of CD5+ B cells is CD25+CD38−. The number of CD23+ cells ranged from 25 to 40% in different patients. A significant number of B cells with a low level of CD21+ expression were detected. In group 2 after surgery, the percentage of cells with CD5+ expression significantly increased, the relative amount of CD19+ lymphocytes, CD19+CD21+ B cells decreased. Given data on B1 and BMZ populations, this can lead to a weakening of both general and antitumor immunity

MALT Stomach Lymphomas: Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment

Marginal zone lymphoma (LMZ) accounts for 5–15% of all NHL in Europe. This option includes splenic (0.7%), nodal (2.4%) and extranodal (MALT-Mucosa-Associated Limphoid-Tissue) LMZ −5%. Extranodal variants of MALT lymphomas can occur in any organ due to chronic antigenic stimulation. The most frequent localization associated with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is the stomach - 30%. The gastrobiopsy material of 115 patients with lymphoid cell infiltrates in the gastric mucosa was studied, a complex of morphological diagnostic criteria for MALT gastric lymphoma for gastrobiopsy was developed based on a combination of histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of tumor cells, the nature of their growth. It is known that the mandatory initial therapy for local stages of Hp-positive MALT lymphoma of the stomach is the eradication of Hp. 68 patients with stages I – II of gastric MALT lymphomas were observed. Anti Hp therapy resulted in 87.8% of complete remissions, with a median duration of 51 months. The median time to the onset of Hp-eradication was 3 months, and the median time to the implementation of the antitumor process was 5.5 months. With a median follow-up of 58 months, the median overall and relapse-free survival was not achieved: 10-year OS - 100%, 10-year RFS - 92. 3%

Towards the solution of the many-electron problem in real materials: Equation of state of the hydrogen chain with state-of-the-art many-body methods

We present numerical results for the equation of state of an infinite chain of hydrogen atoms. A variety of modern many-body methods are employed, with exhaustive cross-checks and validation. Approaches for reaching the continuous space limit and the thermodynamic limit are investigated, proposed, and tested. The detailed comparisons provide a benchmark for assessing the current state of the art in many-body computation, and for the development of new methods. The ground-state energy per atom in the linear chain is accurately determined versus bond length, with a confidence bound given on all uncertainties

Оцінювання необхідного розміру мережі для захоплення дрона

Науковий журнал «Електроніка та системи управління» президією Міністерства освіти і науки України віднесено до наукових фахових видань у галузі технічних наук категорії «Б». Рекомендовано до друку вченою радою Національного авіаційного університету (протокол № 4 від 21 квітня 2021 р.). Зареєстровано Міністерством юстиції України. Свідоцтво про державну реєстрацію друкованого засобу масової інформації. Серія КВ №16720-5292 ПР від 21 травня 2010 року.A method for estimating of the required dimension net to capture drone is proposed. The results of calculations of the drone movement trajectories in horizontal and vertical planes depending on velocity and normal overload are presented. The calculation of the trajectories in the horizontal plane was carried out based on formula of the coordinated turn at constant values of a speed and normal overload. An analytical solution of the differential equation system for the isolated movement of the drone in the vertical plane is obtained. According to performed calculations, delivery of the net to the unwanted drone should be carried out with high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle in order to reduce the interception time and, accordingly, to reduce the required area of net for it capture.Запропоновано методику розрахунку необхідного розміру мережі для захвату дрона. Наведено результати розрахунків траєкторій руху дрона у горизонтальній і вертикальній площинах в залежності від швидкості і нормального перевантаження. Розрахунок траєкторій в горизонтальній площині проводився за формулою координованого розвороту при постійних значеннях швидкості і нормального перевантаження. Отримано аналітичний розв’язок системи диференціальних рівнянь ізольованого руху дрона у вертикальній площині. Згідно з проведеними розрахунками, доставка мережі до небажаного дрону повинна здійснюватися за допомогою високошвидкісного безпіло́тного літа́льного апара́та, щоб скоротити час перехоплення і, відповідно, зменшити необхідну площу мережі для його захоплення