Leadership Management of The Head of Madrasah

Leadership is the main determinant of the birth process of the dynamics of an education and the effectiveness of leadership. The importance of effective management in educational organizations is getting more and more attention from various parties. Educational institutions will be required to provide effective educational services to students and to the community. The head of the madrasa is the driving force for madrasa resources, especially teachers and madrasa employees. Principal leadership management gives freedom to every school principal (madrasah) to emphasize and prioritize certain competencies in accordance with the vision, mission of the school and their respective regions. Once the importance of the leadership role and the position of the principal or madrasah principal in improving the quality of schools and the quality of students in particular, there must be a continuous effort to evaluate and observe whether school principals have played a good role so that they can present themselves as effective leaders

Quality Management Concept in Higher Education

Quality education is a necessity in the implementation of higher education and as one of the determinants for the development of the country. Quality graduates need a quality education system as well. In establishing a quality education system, in addition to human resources, facilities and infrastructure, curriculum and capital, quality management is also required. There are four areas of successful higher education management, such as: (1) students are satisfied with higher education services; (2) educational customers are satisfied with the service to their students; (3) shareholders are satisfied to have high-quality graduates who meet expectations; (4) lecturers and staff are satisfied with higher education services in several areas: division of labor, relations and communication between lecturers/leaders, employees, salary/honorarium received and service

AKTIVITAS ANTIHIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA DARI SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L.)

Abstrak Salah satu masalah gizi pada tubuh akibat terlalu banyak mengonsumsi fast food adalah meningkatnya kadar kolesterol darah yang disebut hiperkolesterolemia. Peningkatan kadar kolesterol darah dapat diatasi dengan simvastatin. Namun, simvastatin memiliki banyak efek samping dengan demikian diperlukan obat tradisional yang aman. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bioaktivitas secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) yang berpotensi sebagai antihiperkolesterolemia. Metode yang digunakan dalam menyusun artikel ini yaitu studi pustaka data sekunder artikel penelitian yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2010-2020. Hasil studi pustaka menunjukkan bahwa secang mempunyai bioaktivitas sebagai antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antidiabetes, antiobesitas, dan sindrom nefrotik. Secang dengan berbagai komponen fitokimianya berpotensi dalam terapi hiperkolesterolemia. Komponen fitokimianya, antara lain  flavonoid, alkaloid, dan fenolik. Sedangkan senyawa aktif pada ektrak secang, antara lain PrA, sappanol, dan benzilchroman. PrA dapat menurunkan kadar serum TC dan menghambat aktivitas hiperlipidemia dengan cara menurunkan kadar serum TG, LDL tetapi tidak mempengaruhi kadar HDL. Sappanol berperan sebagai antiinflamasi dengan cara meningkatkan sekresi beberapa substansi antiinflamasi, yaitu IL-10, IL-6, dan TNF-α. Kata Kunci : Hiperkolesterolemia, Antihiperkolesterolemia, Ekstrak secang     Abstract One of the nutritional problems in the body due to consuming too much fast food is an increase blood cholesterol levels which is called hypercholesterolemia. Increased blood cholesterol levels can be treated with simvastatin. However, simvastatin has many side effects, thus a safe traditional medicine is needed. This article aims to determine the secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) bioactivity of a potential anti-hypercholesterolemic agent. The method used in compiling this article is literature study of secondary data from research articles published in 2010-2020. The results of literature studies show that secang has some bioactivity as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antiobesity, and nephrotic syndrome. Secang with its various phytochemical components has the potential in treating hypercholesterolemia. The phytochemical components are flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolics. While the active compounds in secang extract are PrA, sappanol, and benzilchroman. PrA can reduce serum TC levels and inhibit hyperlipidemic activity by reducing serum TG and LDL levels but does not affect HDL levels. Sappanol acts as an anti-inflammatory by increasing the secretion of several anti-inflammatory substances, namely IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α Keywords : Hypercholesterolemia, Anti-Hypercholesterolemia, Secang extract &nbsp

ANALISIS SPEKTROSKOPI UV-VIS DAN FTIR SENYAWA HASIL ISOLASI DARI EKSTRAK DIKLOROMETANA KULIT BATANG TUMBUHAN JAMBU SEMARANG (SYZYGIUM SAMARANGENSE)

Abstrak. Spektroskopi UV-vis dan FTIR merupakan salah satu teknik dalam penentuan struktur senyawa dari hasil isolasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur senyawa hasil isolasi dari ekstrak diklorometana kulit batang tumbuhan Jambu Semarang menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis dan FTIR. Teknik isolasi senyawa yang dilakukan meliputi Kromatografi Lapis Tipis, Kromatografi Cair Vakum dan Kromatografi Kolom Gravitasi. Analisis struktur menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis didapatkan spektrum dengan puncak pada panjang gelombang maksimal 239 nm yang menunjukkan adanya eksitasi elektron dari π→π* yang biasa terjadi pada senyawa fenolik. Hasil analisis FTIR didapatkan adanya pita serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3542-3401 cm-1 yang menunjukkan regangan gugus OH, 2932-2857 cm-1 menunjukkan regangan gugus C-H alifatik, 877-715 cm-1 menunjukkan adanya gugus C-H aromatik, dan 1463-1378 cm-1 memperlihatkan gugus C=C aromatik. Berdasarkan analisis spektroskopiUV-Vis dan FTIR dan melihat pola serapannya, mengindikasikan bahwa senyawa hasil isolasi adalahsuatu senyawa golongan flavonoid.Kata kunci: Jambu Semarang, Isolasi, UV-Vis, FTIR Abstract. UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy is one of the technic in determining the structure of compounds from the isolation. This study aimed to analyze the structure of the isolated compound from the dichloromethane extract of the stem bark of Jambu Semarang using UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy. Compound isolation techniques included Thin Layer Chromatography, Vacuum Liquid Chromatography, and Gravity Column Chromatography. Structural analysis used UV-Vis spectroscopy obtained a spectrum with a peak at a maximum wavelength of 239 nm which indicated the electron excitation of π → π* which is common in phenolic compounds. The results of FTIR analysis showed that there was an absorption band at wave number 3542-3401 cm-1 which showed the OH group strain, 2932-2857 cm-1showed the CH group strain was aliphatic, 877-715 cm-1 indicated the CH aromatic group, and 1463 -1378 cm-1 aromatic C=C group. Based on UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy analysis and looking at the absorption pattern, it indicated that the isolated compound was a compound of the flavonoid group.Keywords: Jambu Semarang, Isolation, UV-Vis, FTI

PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DAN NASIONALISME INDONESIA

AbstractIn this article the author promotes a conception of multicultural education and its role for the formation of Indonesian nationalism. Various references indicate that today there are some problems, mainly related to the  development of  narrow  ethnic  consciousness  in  some  areas  of the  country.  Not  infrequently inter- ethnic relations have led to excessive sentiment in some areas so disrupt national unity built since this nation stands. This phenomenon encourages awareness to make an effort to develop nationalism among the people of In donesia. In this case, multicultural education can be adopted for the solution of the problem. Multicultural  education appropriate to build Indonesian nationalism in the face of global challenges, because it has a core value in the local and global perspectives, namely: (a) piety towards God Almighty, (b) the responsibility of the unitary state, (c) an award, recognition, and acceptance of cultural diversity, (d) uphold the rule of law, and (e)appreciation of human dignity and human rights are universal. The goal of multicultural education is very importa nt for the integration of the nation because it is in line with Indonesian nationalism development efforts  to address the challenges of time

PENENTUAN DESA MISKIN Analisis Potensial Desa 1990

The 1990 Village Potential Census (PODES) aims at collecting data on village capabilities, land utilities, transportations, population and environment, and agricultural, economics, educational and health activities in order to investigate village development in Indonesia. Part of the existing data is utilized for compiling sume indicators on poor and non-poor villages. To obtain certain criteria on poverty, 27 variables have been selected for the rural-villages regions and 25 variables for urban villages which are assumed as being relevant of being poor. The criteria of poverty is based on the total score average, village total score, and deviation standard.The result of the analysis only show the location of poor villages, and not the existing number of poor population. The criteria about a poor village should be extremely carefully utilized since part of the selected variables is based on the reports of majority of the village population only, so that the benefit becomes very limited. Information about these poor villages is more suited for the parameters of poor village facilities and infrastuctures. Information about poor villages, according to PODES, has several basic weaknesses which can be improved with the support of the data of the 1993 Agricultural Census or the 1994 National Socioeconomyc Survey

Several Compounds Isolated from Stem Bark of Kedoya (Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum (A. Juss.) Miq.) (Meliaceae)

Several compounds, p-hydroxyacetophenone, b-sitosterol and stigmasterol had been isolated from hexane and chloroform extracts of stem bark of kedoya (Dysoxylum gaudichaudianum (A. Juss.) Miq.) (Meliaceae) respectively. These structures had been established based on spectroscopic data (IR and NMR) and by comparison with spectroscopic data of related compounds that had been reported

Manajemen Mutu Pendidikan Agama Islam Di SMK Cendikia Lampung

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengetahui sejauh mana efektivitas Mutu Pendidikan Agama Islam di  . Secara lebih detail, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyususnan perencanaan peningkatan mutu, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan program dan bentuk pengawasan yang dilaksanakan dalam Mutu Pendidikan Agama Islam. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan pemanfaatan observasi (partisipant observation), wawancara (indept interview), dan pengajian dokumen (dokumen study). Adapun langkah yang ditempuh dalam menganalisis data yaitu dengan cara menyusun data, menghubungkan data, mereduksi penyajian dan kemudian disimpulkan. Sedangkan untuk mencapai kepercayaan data penelitian yang telah dikumpulkan berikutnya di lakukan uji tingkat kepercayaan (Credibilitas) dengan cara perpanjangan keterikatan yang lama, ketekunan pengamatan, melakukan tringulasi, mendiskusikan dengan teman sejawat dan pengecekan anggota. Berdasarkan analisis penelitian, ditemukan   Kecamatan Lempuing sebagai berikut: Perencanaan dilakukan melalui pemilihan dan penetapan kegiatan. Bentuk perencanaan meliputi: Pengaturan sumber daya, pengaturan sumber dana, pengembangan kurikulum dan pembinaan personil organisasi sekolah. Pengorganisasian dilaksanakan dengan proses perincian seluruh pekerjaan yang harus dilaksanakan setiap personil organisasi sekolah dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi. Pelaksanaan belum sepenuhnya mengikuti tahapan pelaksanaan pedoman umum pelaksanaan. Konsep dan tujuan kebijakan Manajemen Mutu Pendidikan Agama Islam belum dipahami secara utuh oleh pelaku kebijakan sebagai akibat dari pelaksanaan sosialisasi kebijakan yang masih temporer dan kurangnya komunikasi dan koordinasi di antara pelaku kebijakan. Pengawasan meliputi tiga tahapan, yaitu: Pengawasan pendahuluan, pengawasan yang dilakukan bersama dengan pelaksanaan kegiatan dan pengawasan umpan balik untuk mengukur hasil-hasil dari suatu kegiatan yang telah diselesaikan. Proses pengawasan yang dilakukan antara lain: Penetapan standar kegiatan, penentuan pengukuran kegiatan, pengukuran pelaksanaan kegiatan nyata, membandingkan pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan standar dan penganalisaan penyimpangan-penyimpangan

PENGGUNAAN HASIL SENSUS UNTUK ESTIMASI URBANISASI

Urbanization canbedefined inmanyways: various definitions concerning it are found in population literature. Different censuses also tend to define the concept of urban differently. This inconsistency of definitionhas obstructed those who want to conduct acomparative analysis on urbanization, both cross- country and longitudinal analysis of a country. This article attempts to examine the problem by clarifying the definition of the concept and indicators of urban and urbanization and by making a longitudinal analysis of urbanization using the Indonesian 1920-1990 Cencus data. Regardless of how the concept of urban is defined in each census, this analysis has found a steady increase in urban population number. However, if the different definitions of the concept are taken into consideration, it may bring up different conclusion. Part of the reasons of the increase is a reclassification of village' status from being rural to become urban. Oneway to prove this proposition is by comparing the level of urban population growth between large cities and their surrounding regencies. This analysis clearly shows that the latter has higher population growth than the former