The characterization of recycled concrete aggregate as filter in removal of phosphorus

Phosphorus (P) is one of the key nutrients that lead to eutrophication problem in surface water. However, the existing conventional wastewater treatment system to remove phosphorus is expensive and require a complex process. Therefore, a system using low cost and environmental friendly should be practiced to overcome this problem. Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) used as a filter system emerged as an alternative technology for phosphorus removal. This can overcome the problem of construction site waste by converting the waste into something valuable products. Thus, this study aim to investigate the physical and chemical characteristic of RCA that influenced adsorption of P. RCA was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) testing to determine chemical composition. Results shows that RCA is highly contained with Aluminium, Calcium and Magnesium elements that enhanced the Phosphorus adsorption

54 buat kaji selidik marin di samudera

PELABUHAN KLANG : Seramai 54 penyelidik dan pelajar institusi pengajian tinggi (IPT) tempatan menyertai Ekspedisi Pelayaran Saintifik Perdana 2009 (EPSP) selama 52 hari menggunakan kapal Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia (TLDM), KD Perantau, yang bermula semalam

54 buat kajian selidik marin di samudera

Seramai 54 penyelidikan dan pelajar institut pengajian tinggi(IPT)tempatan menyertai Ekspedisi Pelayaran Saintifik Perdana 2009(EPSP)selama 52 hari menggunakan kapal Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia(TLDM),KD Perantau,yang bermula semalam

A parametric study of DMS subjected to induced low-stress consolidation and heat treatment

Dredging activities are important either in the control the accessibility and navigability to harbours or the maintenance to the existing facilities. Dredged marine sediments (DMS) is the products generated from dredging activities. DMS consists mainly of clays, silts and sand mingled with rocks, debris, larger obstacles and organic matter such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated aromatic biphenyl (PCBs

Development and field testing of Geocomposite Cellular Mats (GCM) to minimize the ground movements of highway embankments founded on peat ground

Challenging grounds are often met in planning, design and construction of highway embankments which as a consequence succumb to undesirably excessive ground movements. Such ground conditions can range from unforeseen cavernous grounds to soft compressible organic soils of variable depths. Often alternate route planning is not feasible, and if necessary alternative construction procedures are not adopted, the net result will be unwanted roads user discomforts such as bumpy roads or even fatal road collapse. Highway constructions norms to circumvent such occurrences are to replace with alternative transported foundation soil/ground improvement or use an appropriate form of geo mats. Hence, this paper presents an alternative and innovative lightweight fill material: Geocomposite Cellular Mat (GCM) used to minimize the ground movements of highway embankments over peat ground. The conceptual development of a stiff mat structure but with a weight lighter than the embankment fill soil is described. The material used for the stiff mat is environmentally friendly in utilizing recycled plastic and its structure, enabling the free movement of water to dissipate any excessive porewater pressures. The performance of theGCMwas appraised under field trial conditions on a test site in Parit Nipah, Johor, Malaysia. The site comprised of a vast expanse of hemic peat and environmental conditions at the test site were fully monitored. The geotechnical properties of the peat at Parit Nipah were typically high organic matter content (~85%), high moisture content (>600%) and very low undrained shear strength (<15 kPa). Details of the set up and layout of the trial embankments tested are fully described, and the techniques adopted to get a comprehensive narrative of the settlement characteristics using innovative measurement techniques are also described. The performance of the GCM incorporated embankment was compared with that of a similar embankment that was formed of conventional backfill (sand fill). The findings show that the field ground movement observations confirmed that themaximum settlementswere reduced by up to 84% with the GCMfills.Moreover, the differential settlements were reduced by up to 70%

Algorithmic approaches in model selection of the air passengers flows data

Algorithm is an important element in any problem solving situation.In statistical modelling strategy, the algorithm provides a step by step process in model building, model testing, choosing the ‘best’ model and even forecasting using the chosen model.Tacit knowledge has contributed to the existence of a huge variability in manual modelling process especially between expert and non-expert modellers.Many algorithms (automated model selection) have been developed to bridge the gap either through single or multiple equation modelling.This study aims to evaluate the forecasting performances of several selected algorithms on air passengers flow data based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Geometric Root Mean Square Error (GRMSE).The findings show that multiple models selection performed well in one and two step-ahead forecast but was outperformed by single model in three step-ahead forecasts

Assessing the simulation performances of multiple model selection algorithm

The Autometrics is an algorithm for single equation model selection.It is a hybrid method which combines expanding and contracting search techniques.In this study, the algorithm is extended for multiple equations modelling known as SURE-Autometrics.The aim of this paper is to assess the performance of the extended algorithm using various simulation experiment conditions. The capability of the algorithm in finding the true specification of multiple models is measured by the percentage of simulation outcomes.Overall results show that the algorithm has performed well for a model with two equations.The findings also indicated that the number of variables in the true models affect the algorithm performances. Hence, this study suggests improvement on the algorithm development for future research

Comparing forecasting effectiveness through air travel data

Airline traffic forecasting in the medium term is important to airlines and regulatory authorities that attempt to plan and schedule capacity. This study examines a number of alternative approaches to forecasting short to medium term (1 to 3 years) air traffic flows. The data examined are flows between the UK and six other countries over the period of 1961- 2002, which has seen substantial changes in both transport technology and economic development. The economic drivers, under consideration, are price, income and bilateral trade. The forecasting models employed include autoregressive models, autoregressive distributed lag models specified using various statistical and economic criteria and a newly developed automatic method for model specification(PcGets), as well as time varying parameter models.Various approaches to including interactions between the contemporaneous air trriffic flows are examined including pooled autoregressive distributed lag models and the inclusion of a 'world' variable that measures overall trade growth in the world economy. Based on the analysis of forecasting error measures, it is concluded that time varying parameter models that include the 'world' variable with an average error of around 2.5% outperform alternative forecasting models. This is perhaps explained by the dramatic structural changes seen in the air traffic market

Selangor sedia tapak bina IPT

Shah Alam: Kerajaan Selangor menyediakan tapak seluas 1,000 hekta di Bestari Jaya yang dulu dikenali Batang Berjuntai di Kuala Selangor kepada pihak yang berminat membina pusat pengajian tinggi di negeri itu

Car wash water recycling system

The high rate of transportation and vehicle washing centers led to an increase in water consumption. When the water consumption increase, the amount of wastewater discharged and the cost of utility will also increase. Only the right technique used for washing the vehicles can minimize the amount of water consumption. Conservation of water will not only save the water supply, but it will also help in financial savings. Recycling and reusing the water from the car wash means collecting, processing, and treating the contaminated water to remove the dirt and contaminants and using the treated water again for car washing. As cars body always stained with dirt and dust while driving, some dirt such as small stones might stuck and penetrate into the wheels and caused major damage. Thus, a regular car wash usually is needed for every vehicle to avoid this problem. Moreover, getting a regular car wash can also improve car performance. Hence, periodically car washing is one of the best ways to preserve and maintain the performance of vehicles