Human Papillomavirus Genotyping and E6/E7 mRNA Expression in Greek Women with Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vagina and Vulva

A large proportion of vaginal and vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and intraepithelial neoplasias (VAIN and VIN) are associated with HPV infection, mainly type 16. The purpose of this study was to identify HPV genotypes, as well as E6/E7 mRNA expression of high-risk HPVs (16, 18, 31, 33, and 45) in 56 histology samples of VAIN, VIN, vaginal, and vulvar SCCs. HPV was identified in 56% of VAIN and 50% of vaginal SCCs, 71.4% of VIN and 50% of vulvar SCCs. E6/E7 mRNA expression was found in one-third of VAIN and in all vaginal SCCs, 42.9% of VIN and 83.3% of vulvar SCCs. Our data indicated that HPV 16 was the commonest genotype identified in VAIN and VIN and the only genotype found in SCCs of the vagina and vulva. These findings may suggest, in accordance with other studies, that mRNA assay might be useful in triaging lesions with increased risk of progression to cancer

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in 45 Greek Patients with Oral Cancer

The relation between HPV and head and neck cancer has recently and extensively been investigated. The purpose of this study was to indentify HPV genotypes, as well as E6/E7 mRNA expression of high-risk HPVs (16, 18, 31, 33 and 45) in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) from 45 Greek patients. The overall prevalence of HPV DNA positive OSCCs was 11.1% (5/45), while high-risk HPV DNA was found in 6.7% (3/45) of OSCCs. E6/E7 mRNA expression was detected in 8.9% (4/45) of the oral cavity samples. Our data indicated that HPV 16 was the commonest genotype identified in HPV-positive OSCCs by both DNA and RNA tests. This study confirms the prevalence of HPV infections among patients with OSCCs. Future analysis and followup of more OSCCs will enable us to correlate HPV detection and clinical outcome

The Relationship between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Human Papillomavirus: A Meta-Analysis of a Chinese Population (1994–2011)

Background: Previous studies indicated that oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) might be related to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. However, up to now, there still lacks a large sample study to analyze the relationship between OSCC in a Chinese population and oral HPV infection. In the present study, we used a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship of OSCC with HPV infection in a Chinese population. Methods: The reports on HPV and OSCC in a Chinese population published between January, 1994, and September, 2011 were retrieved via CNKI/WANFANG/OVID/MEDLINE databases. According to the inclusion criteria, we selected 18 eligible case-control studies. After testing the heterogeneity of the studies by the Cochran Q test, the meta-analyses for HPV and HPV16 were performed using the fixed effects model. Results: The overall positive rates of HPV and HPV16 in OSCC were 58.0 % (354/610; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 54.1–61.9) and 47.47 % (169/356; 95 % CI: 42.3–52.7), respectively; which were significantly higher than those in normal controls 10.44% (26/249; 95 % CI: 7.2–14.7) and 7.1 % (13/182; 95 % CI: 4.2–11.8). Quantitative meta-analysis revealed that, compared with normal controls, the combined odds ratios of OSCC with HPV or HPV16 infection were 12.7 (95 % CI: 8.0–20.0) and 9.0 (95% CI: 5.1–15.6), respectively. Both Begg’s test and funnel plots revealed that no publication bias was found in this present study (P.0.05)

Detection, genotyping and expression of E6 and E7 HPV oncoproteins in dysplasias and cancers of the lower genital and gastrointestinal tract

The objective of the present study was to investigate the frequency of HPV DNA detection, as well as mRNA of the E6/E7 oncogenes in dysplasias and cancers of the lower genital and gastrointestinal tract. 290 tissue sections from the lower genital and upper gastrointestinal tract were studied. DNA microarrays were used for the HPV DNA detection and genotyping, while Real- time NASBA was used for the detection of E6/E7 mRNA. The main finding regarding samples from the lower genital tract was the higher detection rate of E6/E7 mRNA in high-grade dysplasias and cancers compared to low-grade dysplasias (66.7% vs. 32.4% p<0,001 and 90.9% vs. 32.4% p<0,001, respectively for cervical samples, 0.0% vs. 60.0% p=0.05 and 0.0% vs. 100% p<0.001, respectively for vaginal samples, 57.1% vs. 23.5% p=0.05 and 100% vs. 23.5% p= 0.001, respectively for vulvar samples). Furthermore, it was found that 9.6% of the oral cancers and 14.3% of oropharyngeal cancers were positive for the detection of E6/E7 mRNA. Detection of mRNA of the E6/E7 oncogenes could be a prognostic marker in triaging lesions with increased risk of progression in the lower genital tract and indicates a possible role of HPV in the carcinogenesis of the upper gastrointestinal tract.Στόχο της διατριβής αποτελεί η ανίχνευση του DNA του ιού HPV και του mRNA των ιϊκών ογκογονιδίων Ε6 και Ε7 σε δυσπλασίες και καρκίνους του κατώτερου γεννητικού και γαστρεντερικού συστήματος. Μελετήθηκαν συνολικά 290 ιστοτεμάχια από την κατώτερη γεννητική και ανώτερη γαστρεντερική οδό. Η ανίχνευση και η τυποποίηση του HPV πραγματοποιήθηκε με τη μέθοδο των μικροσυστοιχιών, ενώ η ανίχνευση Ε6/Ε7 mRNA με τη μέθοδο Real- time NASBA. Διαπιστώθηκε ότι οι δυσπλασίες υψηλού βαθμού και οι καρκίνοι του κατώτερου γεννητικού συστήματος είχαν μεγαλύτερο ποσοστό ανίχνευσης E6/E7 mRNΑ σε σχέση με τις δυσπλασίες χαμηλού βαθμού (66.7% vs. 32.4 p<0.001 και 90.9% vs. 32.4% p<0.001, αντίστοιχα για τα δείγματα του τράχηλου, 0.0% vs. 60.0% p=0.05 και 0.0% vs. 100% p<0.001, αντίστοιχα για τα δείγματα του κόλπου, 57.1% vs. 23.5% p=0.05 και 100% vs. 23.5% p= 0.001, αντίστοιχα για τα δείγματα του αιδοίου). Επιπλέον βρέθηκε ότι το 9,6% των καρκίνων του στόματος και το 14,3% των καρκίνων του στοματοφάρυγγα ήταν θετικοί στην ανίχνευση Ε6/Ε7 mRNA. Η ανίχνευση mRNA των ογκογονιδίων Ε6 και Ε7 θα μπορούσε να αποτελέσει έναν προγνωστικό δείκτη εξέλιξης σε καρκίνο στο κατώτερο γεννητικό σύστημα, ενώ παράλληλα παρέχει ενδείξεις για την πιθανή εμπλοκή του HPV στην επαγωγή ογκογένεσης στον ανώτερο γαστρεντερικό σωλήνα

Oropharyngeal and laryngeal but not oral cancers are strongly associated with high-risk human papillomavirus in 172 Greek patients

A strong and consistent association has been reported between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and oropharyngeal cancer, whereas a similar link has not yet been clarified in oral and laryngeal cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between HPV infection and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in Greek patients. Cytological or tissue specimens from 172 cases patients with HNSCC and cytological specimens from 91 control subjects were analyzed for HPV DNA detection and genotyping using a microarray-based assay. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for the association between the presence of HPV infection and HNSCC for each of the tumor site, after adjustment for potential confounders. The adjusted ORs for positivity to high-risk HPV infection for oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancer were 20.3 (95% CI: 1.7–250.1) and 22.8 (95% CI: 2.5–206.2), respectively. High-risk HPV infection was not significantly associated with oral cancer. HPV infection was independently associated with poorly differentiated tumors (OR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.1–7.5). Our results suggest a strong association of high-risk HPV infection with oropharyngeal and laryngeal cancer. J. Med. Virol. 89:170–176, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Human Papilloma Virus infection in sexually active adolescent girls

Purpose: Adolescents are a vulnerable group with regard to sexually transmitted infections, including Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). This is thought to be both because of their more liberal sexual behavior and also the relative immaturity of their genital tract. The aim of the study was to examine trends in HPV infection among sexually active adolescents attending for a sexual health screen. Methods: Sexually active adolescents were offered cervical screening, HPV typing and conventional genital cultures as part of a sexual health prevention protocol. Participating adolescents also completed a sexual health questionnaire. Results: Between January 2008 and July 2011, 149 sexually active girls were examined for reproductive health issues (mean age 17.3 years). 62 (42%) tested positive for HPV DNA, 30 were infected by multiple types and 54 had at least one high risk type identified. The most commonly identified HPV DNA was for low risk type 42 (15 cases, 7.8%), followed by high risk types 51 (14 cases, 7.3%) and 59 (11 cases, 5.7%). E6-E7 mRNA expression was detected in 16 girls (11%), of which half were for HPV 16. Girls who tested positive for HPV DNA and mRNA had similar age at sexual debut with those that tested negative (15.1 years in all groups) but had on average more sexual partners (4.1 vs1.9 p = 0.007). Only 9 girls in this cohort had been vaccinated against HPV. Approximately half of the girls reported using inadequate or no contraception. Conclusions: HPV infection rate was high in our sample. Furthermore a high percentage was infected with high risk types and a proportion of girls demonstrated mRNA HPV expression. As age at first sexual intercourse drops, vaccination against HPV and sexual education should be instituted in early adolescence, in order to reduce long term reproductive sequelae of unsafe sexual practices. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Human papillomavirus genotyping and E6/E7 mRNA expression in Greek women with intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina and vulva

A large proportion of vaginal and vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and intraepithelial neoplasias (VAIN and VIN) are associated with HPV infection, mainly type 16. The purpose of this study was to identify HPV genotypes, as well as E6/E7 mRNA expression of high-risk HPVs (16, 18, 31, 33, and 45) in 56 histology samples of VAIN, VIN, vaginal, and vulvar SCCs. HPV was identified in 56 of VAIN and 50 of vaginal SCCs, 71.4 of VIN and 50 of vulvar SCCs. E6/E7 mRNA expression was found in one-third of VAIN and in all vaginal SCCs, 42.9 of VIN and 83.3 of vulvar SCCs. Our data indicated that HPV 16 was the commonest genotype identified in VAIN and VIN and the only genotype found in SCCs of the vagina and vulva. These findings may suggest, in accordance with other studies, that mRNA assay might be useful in triaging lesions with increased risk of progression to cancer. Copyright © 2012 Elpida Tsimplaki et al

Prevalence of human papillomavirus in 45 Greek patients with oral cancer

The relation between HPV and head and neck cancer has recently and extensively been investigated. The purpose of this study was to indentify HPV genotypes, as well as E6/E7 mRNA expression of high-risk HPVs (16, 18, 31, 33 and 45) in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) from 45 Greek patients. The overall prevalence of HPV DNA positive OSCCs was 11.1% (5/45), while high-risk HPV DNA was found in 6.7% (3/45) of OSCCs. E6/E7 mRNA expression was detected in 8.9% (4/45) of the oral cavity samples. Our data indicated that HPV 16 was the commonest genotype identified in HPV-positive OSCCs by both DNA and RNA tests. This study confirms the prevalence of HPV infections among patients with OSCCs. Future analysis and followup of more OSCCs will enable us to correlate HPV detection and clinical outcome. © 2013 Maria Kouvousi et al

A cross sectional study of HPV type prevalence according to age and cytology

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A cross sectional study to investigate HPV prevalence according to age and cytology.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Women presenting to a gynaecological outpatient clinic for a Pap smear test were included in the study (n=3177). All women had cervical cytology and HPV testing.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Overall prevalence of any 24 HPV type analysed was 33.1% (95% CI 31.5% to 34.7%) and HPV 16 and HPV 42 were the most frequent (6.7% (95% CI 5.8% to 7.6%), 6.8% (95% CI 5.9% to 7.6%)), in total samples. Multiple HPV infection rate was 12.9% (95% CI 11.8% to 14.1%). High risk HPV (hrHPV) types were present in 27.4% (95% CI 25.8% to 28.9%) of the samples.</p> <p>HPV prevalence was highest among 14 to 19 y.o (46.6% (95% CI 40.7%-52.4%)) and second highest among 30–34 y.o. (39.7%, 95% CI 35.4%–44%). HPV 16 was highest among 20–24 (9.0% (95% CI 6.4%–11.6%)) and second highest among 50 to 54 y.o. (6.3% (95% CI 2.9% to 9.8%).</p> <p>In Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (LgSIL) cytology samples, the most frequently detected hrHPV types were: 16 (14.5% (95% CI 12.1% to 16.9%)), 51 (13.0% (95% CI 10.7% to 15.3%)) and 53 (9.1% (95% CI 7.2% to 11.1%)) and in High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (HgSIL) were: HPV 16 (37.2% (95% CI 26.5% to 47.9%)), HPV 51 (17.9% (95% CI 9.4% to 26.5%)) and HPV 18 (12.8% (95% CI 5.4% to 20.2%)).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In the population studied, HPV 16 and 51 were the most frequent detected hrHPV types. HPV positivity, hrHPV and multiple HPV types infections were higher in young women, while HPV prevalence declined with increasing age and presented two peaks a higher (14–19 y.o.) and a lower one (30–34 y.o.) These results may contribute to the creation of a national screening programme.</p