7 research outputs found
ΠΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ: ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
The economies of the world are influenced by the rapidly changing global energy policy agenda. Understanding energy trends implications in the long-term perspective is crucial for responsible and informed sustainability-policy making, with respect to transformations required to enhance the security of energy supply, resource efficiency and affordability, as well to as transformations required to minimize energy poverty and mitigate ecological footprint. Nowadays the price (value) competitiveness of technologies and products as their ability to respond to sustainability demands is becoming the appreciable criterion in choosing the pathways of technological growth or economic strategies designing. The transition to energy sustainability is the so-called quiet energyΒ [r]evolution, or the transition towards 100 % renewable energy supply. Using the sociotechnical transition, vulnerability and sustainable development theories for the assessment of the energy safety level, this article aims to contribute to the understanding of cultural, institutional and innovation prerequisites of sustainable energy transitions. Basing on historical examples, it argues that, despite the cultural dimensions, energy resources and energy mix disparity, geographic location and income per capita, the value instead of cost philosophy in choosing energy pathways maintains the sustainable energy transitions. The key findings are the defined prerequisites of energy transitions sustainability; among them there are cultural dimensions, innovations and the speeds of movement along learning curves when adopting new energy technologies as well as energy policy patterns, applied in a country: value versus cost-driven. The Value vs Cost Energy Policy matrix has been developed in order to determine if a country is sufficiently value-driven in its energy policy.ΠΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π½Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ (ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ) ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ β ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Β«ΡΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΒ» ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΒ [Ρ]Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ 100%-ΠΌΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠ·Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, Π΄Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ, Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° Π΄ΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
: ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ, ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅, ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Β«ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΒ» ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ
Π£ΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ: Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠΉ
Nowadays the world energy system faces numerous transitions and shifts of the existing socio-technical regimes towards higher sustainability. Along with it, the sustainable transitions are often being postponed, slowed down or rejected to avoid negative externalities that could threaten the system stability. In this study, we aim to reach the deeper understanding of the externalities of energy transitions and the vulnerability of energy systems under the influence of negative externalities caused by sustainable energy transitions. Using the Externality theory (Baumol, Oates), Sociotechnical transition theory (Geels), as well as Energy sustainability Trilemma Method for the evaluation of the sustainability of energy systems we argue that such externalities need to be treated (internalized, avoided) by special policy measures other than common (classical) ways which may cause slowing down of sustainability transitions and make extra barriers for them. Transitions to more clean and low-carbon energy systems using energy technologies such as solar, wind, small hydro, biomass, waste management, e-vehicles are in the scope of this paper. It classifies the wide range of policy methods (classical and new) being applied separately and simultaneously, and analyses their application in energy policies designing aimed to combat negative externalities of energy sustainability transitions worldwide, so they might be minimized by properly tailored energy policy in each particular case.Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈΒ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Β ΠΈ Β ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈΒ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Β ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ, Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ³ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² (ΡΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠΉ) ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ·Π²ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΠ°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΡΡΡ), ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΌΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
(ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
) ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΌΠ°Π»Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ (ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
), ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Ρ Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ.
Impact of New Renewable Electricity Generating Capacities on Employment in Ukraine in 2021-2030
The paper estimates the impact of pursuing two scenarios of new renewable electricity generating capacities installation in Ukraine. Under the first scenario, 21% of electricity from renewable energy sources is expected to be generated until 2030, which relatively reflects the current trend of installation of generating capacities, while under the second scenario this figure is expected to reach 30%. To assess the employment effect, the method of employment factors was used. Jobs considered in this methodology include those in equipment manufacturing, construction and installation, operation and maintenance, and fuel supply, which is the case for biomass technologies. Calculations indicate that under the first scenario, 27.5 thousand job-years could be created by 2030, and under the second scenario this figure could reach 50 thousand job-years. The development of renewables in Ukraine nowadays faces regulatory challenges, thus measures to overcome the existing barriers were suggested
Solar energy for green university: estimation of economic, environmental and image benefits
The paper considers the main components of the green university
concept, the foreign experience of environmental transformation of higher
education institutions, and the impact of eco-innovations implementation on
strengthening universitiesβ position in the UI GreenMetric World University
Rankings. The green strategy of Sumy State University, the results of its
implementation, and prospects for improvement in terms of increasing renewable
energy sources usage through the solar power plant installation are analysed. The
effectiveness of the solar power plant investment project and the reduction of carbon
dioxide emissions into the atmosphere by replacing conventional electricity with
electricity generated by the solar power plant are estimated. It is proved that in
addition to economic and environmental benefits, the implementation of the solar
energy project will positively impact the universityβs image at the national and
international level
Energy Security Assessment of Emerging Economies under Global and Local Challenges
This paper proposes methodological approaches to assessing the impact of renewable energy and energy efficiency development on emerging economiesβ energy security. It is suggested to supplement the current methodology for assessing energy security with the decoupling index of the renewable energy financial burden on the state budget, the energy efficiency decoupling index, the householdsβ energy poverty indicator, the index of capacity development for balancing electricity generation volumes, and the energy fluctuations indicator. These indices provide a comprehensive assessment of energy security under the latest challenges. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic in the Ukrainian energy sector led to the βgreen and coal paradoxβ, when the government decided to keep green electricity generation but limit nuclear generation. It required increased flexible capacities (thermal generation) and led to a rise in electricity prices and environmental pollution. Forecasting energy fluctuations with Butterworth filters allows minimizing the risks of maximum peak loads on the grid and timely prevention of emergencies. The energy fluctuations within the 20% range guarantee energy security and optimal energy companiesβ operation. It is proposed to smooth out energy consumption fluctuations through green energy development, smart grids formation, energy efficiency improvements, and energy capacities balancing to ensure energy and economic sustainability
ΠΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ: ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
The economies of the world are influenced by the rapidly changing global energy policy agenda. Understanding energy trends implications in the long-term perspective is crucial for responsible and informed sustainability-policy making, with respect to transformations required to enhance the security of energy supply, resource efficiency and affordability, as well to as transformations required to minimize energy poverty and mitigate ecological footprint. Nowadays the price (value) competitiveness of technologies and products as their ability to respond to sustainability demands is becoming the appreciable criterion in choosing the pathways of technological growth or economic strategies designing. The transition to energy sustainability is the so-called quiet energy [r]evolution, or the transition towards 100 % renewable energy supply. Using the sociotechnical transition, vulnerability and sustainable development theories for the assessment of the energy safety level, this article aims to contribute to the understanding of cultural, institutional and innovation prerequisites of sustainable energy transitions. Basing on historical examples, it argues that, despite the cultural dimensions, energy resources and energy mix disparity, geographic location and income per capita, the value instead of cost philosophy in choosing energy pathways maintains the sustainable energy transitions. The key findings are the defined prerequisites of energy transitions sustainability; among them there are cultural dimensions, innovations and the speeds of movement along learning curves when adopting new energy technologies as well as energy policy patterns, applied in a country: value versus cost-driven. The Value vs Cost Energy Policy matrix has been developed in order to determine if a country is sufficiently value-driven in its energy policy
Status and prospects of renewable energy development in Poland and Ukraine
Celem badaΕ byΕa ocena porΓ³wnawcza stanu i perspektyw rozwoju energetyki odnawialnej w
Polsce i Ukrainie. ΕΉrΓ³dΕem danych byΕy dostΔpne raporty, roczniki i opracowania statystyczne Polski i
Ukrainy oraz publikacje dotyczΔ
ce problematyki rozwoju energetyki odnawialnej w wymienionych krajach.
ZarΓ³wno w Polsce, jak i na Ukrainie ma miejsce wzrost produkcji energii ze ΕΊrΓ³deΕ odnawialnych. UdziaΕ
OZE w bilansie energetycznym Ukrainy jest znacznie niΕΌszy niΕΌ w Polsce. Znacznym problemem rozwoju
OZE w Ukrainie jest obecna sytuacja polityczno-gospodarcza.The aim of the study was to compare the status and prospects of the development of renewable energy
in Poland and Ukraine. The source of the data used in this study were available reports, yearbooks and
statistical studies Polish and Ukrainian, and literature on the issue of renewable energy development in
these countries. Both in Poland and Ukraine, there is an increase in the production of energy from renewable
sources. The share of renewables in the energy balance of Ukraine is much lower than in Poland. A significant
problem for the development of renewable energy in Ukraine is the current political and economic situation