SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANOMALIES IN SURFACE BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE PRECEDING VOLCANO ERUPTIONS DETECTED BY THE LANDSAT-8 THERMAL INFRARED SENSOR (CASE STUDY: KARANGETANG VOLCANO)

Indonesia's geological as part of the “ring of fire” includes the consequence that community life could be affected by volcanic activity. The catastrophic incidence of volcanic eruptions in the last ten years has had a disastrous impact on human life. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to conduct research on the strengthening of the early warning system for volcanic eruptions utilising remote sensing technology.  This study analyses spatial and temporal anomalies of surface brightness temperature in the peak area of Karangetang volcano during the 2018-2019 eruption. Karangetang volcano is an active volcano located in North Sulawesi, with a magmatic eruption type that releases lava flow. We analyse the anomalies in the brightness temperature from channel-10 of the Landsat-8 TIRS (Thermal Infrared Scanner) time series during the period in question. The results of the research demonstrate that in the case of Karangetang Volcano the eruptions of 2018-2019 indicate increases in the surface brightness temperature of the crater region. As this volcano has many craters, the method is also very useful to establish in which crater the center of the eruption occurred

STUDI PENGARUH KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAN KETEBALAN CORAN TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO BESI COR PADA KASUS PEMBUATAN BESI COR VERMICULAR

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh komposisi kimia dan ketebalan coran terhadap struktur mikro besi cor pada kasus pembuatan besi cor vermicular. Besi cor vermicular menarik diteliti karena memiliki kekuatan dan keuletan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan besi cor kelabu, serta memiliki konduktivitas panas, sifat damping, ketahanan panas dan kekuatan fatik yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan besi cor nodular. Akan tetapi yang masih menjadi permasalahan adalah ketika proses pengecoran diperlukan komposisi kimia dan laju pendinginan yang tepat agar dihasilkan besi cor bergrafit vermicular. Terkait dengan hal itu, pada penelitian ini dilakukan perbandingan struktur mikro terhadap hasil coran dari sampel yang memiliki komposisi kimia dan ketebalan coran yang berbeda. Bahan besi cor dilebur menggunakan tungku induksi dan proses pemaduan Mg dilakukan di dalam ladel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jika komposisi kimia besi cor (% Mg minimal) mampu mendorong terbentuknya grafit nodular maka terdapat kecenderungan semakin tebal coran menyebabkan semakin besarnya kemungkinan terbentuknya grafit vermicular. Pada komposisi besi cor 2,63 %C; 2,41 %Si; 0,428 % %Mn; 0,006 %S; 0,07 %Mg; 0,015 %Ti; 0,067 %Cr; 0,019 %Mo; 0,043 %Ni; 0,009 %Al; 0,006 %Co; 0,12 %Cu; 0,007 %V; 0,024 %W dan ketebalan coran 40 mm mampu menghasilkan besi cor berstruktur vermicular

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KEBUN KELAPA SAWIT LAHAN GAMBUT KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA

Kubu Raya district is a district of the division of Pontianak regency formed by Act 35 of 2007 concerning the Establishment of Kubu Raya district with an area of 6985.20 km ² ( 698,520 acres ) . There are 342.984 ha of peat land area comprising 171 396 ha of shallow peat , peat in the 49 621 ha , 38.953 ha of peat medium , peat in the 83 014 ha while the development activities for oil palm plantations of business licenses obtained has reached an area of about 206 154 ha consisting of 23 fruit companies mostly scattered on peatlands , related to the use of peatlands for oil palm cultivation requires prudence and careful planning with a record of environmental damage . The concept of the development of oil palm plantations on peat land must be in accordance with the  rules  of  Regulation  of  the  Minister  of  Agriculture  of  the  Republic  of  Indonesia  Number 14/Permentan/PL 110/2/2009 on Guidelines for Aquaculture Lowland Sustainable Palm Oil which aims to develop the cultivation of oil palm plantations , preserve the function of land peat , increase production and revenue produksen palm .. To understand these activities , then made the purpose of the study : 1 . Identify and analyze the factors that influence the development strategy of oil palm plantations on peat land in Kubu Raya District .2 . Formulate strategies alternanif development of oil palm plantations on peatland Kubu Raya district . The method used was a survey method and included in the descriptive study . The sampling technique used was purposive sampling method , which determines directly or by deliberately selecting respondents . To know the strengths , opportunities , weaknesses and threats of the development of oil palm plantations on peatland Kubu Raya district , then do a SWOT analysis ( Strengths Weakness Opportunities Threath ) . From the analysis it turned out SO strategy ( Strengths Opportunities) ( 3.3743 ) is the best strategy in the development of oil palm plantations on peatland Kubu Raya district , while the strategy is as follows: 1 ) Planting Area Improvement Strategy and Increased Production of oil palm plantations  peatlands  .  2  )  Increased  and  improved  palm  oil  products  according  to  standard  

Admissibility of Illegally Obtained Evidence

The increasing volcanic activity of Anak Krakatau volcano has raised concerns about a major disaster in the area around the Sunda Strait. The objective of the research is to fuse Landsat-8 OLI (Operational Land Imager) and Sentinel-1 TOPS (Terrain Observation with Progressive Scans), an integration of SAR and optic remote sensing data, in observing the lava flow deposits resulted from Anak Krakatau eruption during the middle 2018 eruption. RGBI and the Brovey transformation were conducted to merge (fuse) the optical and SAR data.  The results showed that optical and SAR data fusion sharpened the appearance of volcano morphology and lava flow deposits. The regions are often constrained by cloud cover and volcanic ash, which occurs at the time of the volcanic eruption.  The RGBI-VV and Brovey RGB-VV methods provide better display quality results in revealing the morphology of volcanic cone and lava deposits. The entire slopes of Anak Krakatau Volcano, with a radius of about 1 km from the crater is an area prone to incandescent lava and pyroclastic falls. The direction of the lava flow has the potential to spread in all directions. The fusion method of optical Landsat-8 and Sentinel-1 SAR data can be used continuously in monitoring the activity of Anak Krakatau volcano and other volcanoes in Indonesia both in cloudy and clear weather conditions

Pengelolaan Aplikasi Berbasis Lokasi “dalam Kota (Dalkot)” Divisi Marketing Communication Director dan Divisi Production Director

Dalkot (Dalam Kota) adalah sebuah layanan aplikasi seluler yang memanfaatkan Location-Based Service (LBS) yang menyediakan informasi mengenai lokasi wisata dan hiburan berdasarkan lokasi fisik penggunanya, dan sejak tanggal 6 Mei 2015 Aplikasi ini sudah dapat diunduh secara gratis melalui Google Play (Android) dan Apple Store (iOS). Namun ternyata sejak pertama kali aplikasi Dalkot soft launching, jumlah pengunduh aplikasi Dalkot sangatlah sedikit, belum banyak masyarakat kota Semarang yang mengunduh atau sekedar mengetahui keberadaan aplikasi Dalkot, beragam fitur dan konten informatif yang dimiliki oleh aplikasi Dalkot nyatanya belum mampu dipasarkan secara baik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk mengelola dan mengkomunikasikan aplikasi Dalkot dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan jumlah pengunduh. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, dibuat kegiatan, pengelolaan aplikasi Dalkot dalam bidang marketing communication yang terdiri dari kegiatan pre-event dalam bentuk buzzing melalui media sosial, dan event Dalkot Way-to-Eat sebagai sebuah strategi promosi yang berlangsung di 10 tempat kuliner di Kota Semarang yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan perilaku target audiens untuk mengunduh Aplikasi Dalkot, selain itu juga terdapat kegiatan advertising dan online marketing sebagai bentuk penyebaran informasi mengenai aplikasi Dalkot sendiri dan event Dalkot Way-to-Eat.Sebagai Marketing Communication Director dan Production Director, penulis bertanggung jawab pada penyusunan dan realisasi konsep produksi, promotion, dan marketing secara keseluruhan, Hasilnya, kegiatan pengelolaan aplikasi Dalkot dalam bidang marketing communication ini efektif meningkatkan perilaku target audiens untuk mengunduh Aplikasi Dalkot. Untuk kedepan, PT. Maju Dalam Kota perlu untuk membuat kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan engagement dengan target audiens, dan hal ini bisa dilakukan dengan pelaksanaan kegiatan serupa secara kontinyu

Indonesian English learners’ attitudes towards cheating, absenteeism, and gender: Interactions with L2 achievement

The present study was conducted to find out Indonesian English as a Second/Foreign Language (L2) learners' attitudes towards cheating (AtC) in online English classes, as well as the possible influence of the combination of three variables, which are their AtC, absenteeism, and gender, on their L2 achievement as measured with their final grades. The study employed a survey method and was conducted by distributing an online questionnaire. In total, 164 Indonesian learners from various non-English departments at a university in Java participated in the study. Through descriptive statistics, it was found that generally learners reported their negative AtC in English class, suggesting disapproval towards cheating. Through multiple regression analysis, the study further found that the combination of learners’ AtC, absenteeism, and gender significantly influenced their L2 achievement, and the overall model could predict 34.5% of the total variance in L2 achievement. However, based on the beta coefficient of the three variables, only learners’ absenteeism and gender significantly affected their L2 achievement. As learners had higher absenteeism, they obtained lower L2 achievement. From a t-test analysis, female learners were found to have significantly better L2 achievement than their male counterparts. While the findings on the influence of absenteeism on L2 achievement generally conformed to literature in the field, the findings on the influence of AtC and gender on L2 achievement may suggest that further explorations may be necessary

Thematic Structure in Students’ Writings: Implications on their Ideas Organization and Development

Thematic structure is an important concept in organizing ideas in academic writing. Although numerous studies have focused on investigating how it is realized in students' writing, only a few focus on investigating thematic structure in students' text across different proficiency levels. This article is based on a study analyzing idea organization and development in 24 high and low-scoring essays through Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). It was a qualitative content analysis with complementary quantitative data. The results show significant differences in how ideas are organized and developed in high and low-scoring essays. Even though all types of Themes (topical, interpersonal, textual Theme) were observed in both groups, the high-scoring essays elaborated more themes than the low ones indicating that the high-scoring essays comprised more clauses. As for Thematic Progression, all the patterns were present in the essays. The Linear Theme pattern was primarily applied in high-scoring essays, while the Constant Theme pattern was applied frequently in the low-scoring ones. The Split Rheme pattern was less observed in all the students' essays. These findings indicate that the high achievers provided more expounded ideas through linear theme patterns, whereas their counterparts tended to focus on a subject reflected through Theme reiteration. Thus, this implies that proficiency characterized writers in organizing and developing ideas in writing as reflected through thematic Choice and Progression

DETECTING DEFORMATION DUE TO THE 2018 MERAPI VOLCANO ERUPTION USING INTERFEROMETRIC SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR (INSAR) FROM SENTINEL-1 TOPS

This paper describes the application of Sentinel-1 TOPS (Terrain Observation with Progressive Scans), the latest generation of SAR satellite imagery, to detect displacement of the Merapi volcano due to the May–June 2018 eruption. Deformation was detected by measuring the vertical displacement of the surface topography around the eruption centre. The Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique was used to measure the vertical displacement. Furthermore, several Landsat-8 Thermal Infra Red Sensor (TIRS) imageries were used to confirm that the displacement was generated by the volcanic eruption. The increasing temperature of the crater was the main parameter derived using the Landsat-8 TIRS, in order to determine the increase in volcanic activity. To understand this phenomenon, we used Landsat-8 TIRS acquisition dates before, during and after the eruption. The results show that the eruption in the May–June 2018 period led to a small negative vertical displacement. This vertical displacement occurred in the peak of volcano range from -0.260 to -0.063 m. The crater, centre of eruption and upper slope of the volcano experienced negative vertical displacement. The results of the analysis from Landsat-8 TIRS in the form of an increase in temperature during the 2018 eruption confirmed that the displacement detected by Sentinel-1 TOPS SAR was due to the impact of volcanic activity. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be seen that the integration of SAR and thermal optical data can be very useful in understanding whether deformation is certain to have been caused by volcanic activity

Determination of (+)-Catechin and Antioxidant Activity in Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R. Br) Stem Bark Infusion

Oxidative stress is a condition that can damage human cells and tissues and has been linked to a number of illnesses, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, and neurological diseases. Oxidative stress conditions can be brought on by pollution, radiation exposure, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Antioxidants are substances that can be used to both prevent and treat oxidative stress. This study aimed to identify and quantify (+)-catechin levels and antioxidant activity of the stem bark of Sterculia quadrifida R. Br extracted by the infusion method, a method similar to traditional medicine processing generally in the community. Determination of (+)-catechin and antioxidant activity of S. quadrifida were evaluated by HPLC and DPPH assay, respectively. Quantification of (+) catechin content by HPLC system with wavelength 280 nm and antioxidant activity by spectrophotometry method with wavelength 517 nm. The results show that the mean value of (+)-catechin level was 7.786% and the IC50 value of the antioxidant activity was 51.5 ug/mL having a moderate antioxidant activity category. S. quadrifida stem bark infusion can be utilized as a medication candidate for the prevention or treatment of a variety of disorders caused by oxidative stress