Myosin II Motors and F-Actin Dynamics Drive the Coordinated Movement of the Centrosome and Soma during CNS Glial-Guided Neuronal Migration

SummaryLamination of cortical regions of the vertebrate brain depends on glial-guided neuronal migration. The conserved polarity protein Par6α localizes to the centrosome and coordinates forward movement of the centrosome and soma in migrating neurons. The cytoskeletal components that produce this unique form of cell polarity and their relationship to polarity signaling cascades are unknown. We show that F-actin and Myosin II motors are enriched in the neuronal leading process and that Myosin II activity is necessary for leading process actin dynamics. Inhibition of Myosin II decreased the speed of centrosome and somal movement, whereas Myosin II activation increased coordinated movement. Ectopic expression or silencing of Par6α inhibited Myosin II motors by decreasing Myosin light-chain phosphorylation. These findings suggest leading-process Myosin II may function to “pull” the centrosome and soma forward during glial-guided migration by a mechanism involving the conserved polarity protein Par6α

Oxygen Tension and the VHL-Hif1α Pathway Determine Onset of Neuronal Polarization and Cerebellar Germinal Zone Exit.

Postnatal brain circuit assembly is driven by temporally regulated intrinsic and cell-extrinsic cues that organize neurogenesis, migration, and axo-dendritic specification in post-mitotic neurons. While cell polarity is an intrinsic organizer of morphogenic events, environmental cues in the germinal zone (GZ) instructing neuron polarization and their coupling during postnatal development are unclear. We report that oxygen tension, which rises at birth, and the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif1α) pathway regulate polarization and maturation of post-mitotic cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). At early postnatal stages with low GZ vascularization, Hif1α restrains CGN-progenitor cell-cycle exit. Unexpectedly, cell-intrinsic VHL-Hif1α pathway activation also delays the timing of CGN differentiation, germinal zone exit, and migration initiation through transcriptional repression of the partitioning-defective (Pard) complex. As vascularization proceeds, these inhibitory mechanisms are downregulated, implicating increasing oxygen tension as a critical switch for neuronal polarization and cerebellar GZ exit

Basic occupational health services – “Occupational Health for All”

Occupational health is the area of medicine dedicated to the prevention and management of occupational and environmental injury, illness and disability, and the promotion of health and productivity of workers, their families and communities. Workers represent half the world’s population and the major contributors to economic and social development. Their health is determined not only by workplace hazards but also by social and individual factors and access to health service

TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES OF ARYL AZOPYARAZOLE: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND MICROBICIDAL ACTIVITIES

ABSTRACT Reaction between 4-nitro phenyl acid hydrazide with 4-[N'-(1-Ethoxycarbonyl-2-oxo-propylidene)-hydrazino]-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid in ethanol furnishes 1-[4-nitro-benzoyl]-3-methyl-4-(4-carboxy-3-hydroxy-phen-4-ylhydrazono)-2-pyrazoline-5-ones (NtH-ASA). The transition metal complexes of Cu 2+ , Co 2+ ,Ni 2+ , Mn 2+ and Zn 2+ of NtH-ASA have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, spectral studies, magnetic moment determination, molar conductivity measurement and microbicidal activity

Nurturing the young, building skilled based future

The manpower provides best parameter for any social community. Added to that if its young and intellectual the community will have added benefit. Using this manpower effectively and efficiently create better society for the future generations. India has the above qualities. Nurturing this talent from younger age and providing the correct atmosphere not only improve the communications skills, empathetic skill-oriented youth but also it gives opportunity for great leadership qualities. This article gives the standards in health care field with the help of mandatory volunteers’ ship program, in the society and hospitals.&nbsp

Efficient Allocation of Slot using Medium Access Control Protocol

With the emergence of advanced technology, the need for improving the energy has been of paramount significance, especially in the area of wireless sensor network. The most of the energy consumed in the sensor node caused by transceiver. The efficient Medium Access Control protocol can reduce an additional energy consumption of transceiver. In this paper, we introduce an energy efficient packet scheduling (EEPS) algorithm using dynamic slot allocation (DSA). In the EEPS, head node checks empty available slots and assigns the slots those nodes that are in waiting list. Based on this algorithm, empty available slots are utilized efficiently for saving the energy consumption and improving the throughput performance. The proposed idea is implemented using network simulator (NS3) and compared with other known existing protocols

Efficient Allocation of Slot using Medium Access Control Protocol

With the emergence of advanced technology, the need for improving the energy has been of paramount significance, especially in the area of wireless sensor network. The most of the energy consumed in the sensor node caused by transceiver. The efficient Medium Access Control protocol can reduce an additional energy consumption of transceiver. In this paper, we introduce an energy efficient packet scheduling (EEPS) algorithm using dynamic slot allocation (DSA). In the EEPS, head node checks empty available slots and assigns the slots those nodes that are in waiting list. Based on this algorithm, empty available slots are utilized efficiently for saving the energy consumption and improving the throughput performance. The proposed idea is implemented using network simulator (NS3) and compared with other known existing protocols

Siah2 integrates mitogenic and extracellular matrix signals linking neuronal progenitor ciliogenesis with germinal zone occupancy

In neural development, progenitors transition from a proliferative to a differentiated state. Here, the authors show that cerebellar granule neurons retract primary cilia as they exit their proliferative niche upon decreased ECM engagement, enabling radial migration due to loss of Shh sensitivity