Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Karagenan terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Jelly Drink Pepaya

Characteristics of jelly drink are have soft gel so that when consumed using a straw, gel will break easily, but the gel form is still felt in the mouth. Those characteristics can be achieved by adding gelling agent, which is carrageenan. The concentration of carrageenan will affects on the stability and gel characteristics of jelly drink. This research is aimed to determine the effect of difference carrageenan concentration on the physicochemical and sensory properties of papaya jelly drink and determine the right carrageenan concentration that obtain the most preferred papaya jelly drink by panelists. This research used Randomized Block Design with one factor, which was concentration of carrageenan (P), which consisted of six levels, 0.1% (P1); 0.125% (P2); 0.15% (P3); 0.175% (P4); 0.2% (P5); 0.225% (P6) with four replications. Analysis for physicochemical properties were syneresis, easiness to sucked, and pH and sensory properties were preference of easiness consumed using straw, mouthfeel, and taste. The result of papaya jelly drink's analysis showed that higher carrageenan concentration caused declined on syneresis, while on easiness to sucked and pH parameter are increased. Best concentration of carrageenan determined by the result of organoleptic using spiderweb method is adding jelly drink with 0,150% of carrageenan which had results during storage for 1,4, and 7 days respectively on syneresis (14,96%; 9,56%; 5,62%), easiness to sucked (12,44; 11,04; 10,17), pH (4,65; 4,56; 4,51) with average of organoleptic on easiness consumed using straw 5,02; mouthfeel 4,96; and taste 4,68 with score of 1-7

PENGARUH PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI KARAGENAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK JELLY DRINK PEPAYA

Characteristics of jelly drink are have soft gel so that when consumed using a straw, gel will break easily, but the gel form is still felt in the mouth. Those characteristics can be achieved by adding gelling agent, which is carrageenan. The concentration of carrageenan will affects on the stability and gel characteristics of jelly drink. This research is aimed to determine the effect of difference carrageenan concentration on the physicochemical and sensory properties of papaya jelly drink and determine the right carrageenan concentration that obtain the most preferred papaya jelly drink by panelists. This research used Randomized Block Design with one factor, which was concentration of carrageenan (P), which consisted of six levels, 0.1% (P1); 0.125% (P2); 0.15% (P3); 0.175% (P4); 0.2% (P5); 0.225% (P6) with four replications. Analysis for physicochemical properties were syneresis, easiness to sucked, and pH and sensory properties were preference of easiness consumed using straw, mouthfeel, and taste. The result of papaya jelly drink’s analysis showed that higher carrageenan concentration caused declined on syneresis, while on easiness to sucked and pH parameter are increased. Best concentration of carrageenan determined by the result of organoleptic using spiderweb method is adding jelly drink with 0,150% of carrageenan which had results during storage for 1,4, and 7 days respectively on syneresis (14,96%; 9,56%; 5,62%), easiness to sucked (12,44; 11,04; 10,17), pH (4,65; 4,56; 4,51) with average of organoleptic on easiness consumed using straw 5,02; mouthfeel 4,96; and taste 4,68 with score of 1-7

Self-Esteem Pada Mahasiswa Pengguna IPhone

iPhone users are individuals who have branded smartphonesiPhone or often referred to as the bitten apple logo. In using this iPhoneOne problem will appear, such as self-esteem or self-esteemby iPhone users. There are 125 students who use iPhone to helpto be a respondent in this study which aims to seewhat is the self-esteem possessed by students who use iPhone andwhether in owning an iPhone self-esteem has an influence onstudent. Measuring tool used to obtain data in researchthis is using self esteem scale. Descriptive statistical techniques were usedto analyze the research data that has been obtained. The results of the analysis showthat men and women are on the same level. Neither existsshowed a statistically significant difference. So boys and girlsin using the iPhone have the same level of self-esteem. This researchonly done among students only, not done on respondents whoWork.Pengguna IPhone adalah individu yang mempunyai smartphone yang bermerkiPhone atau sering disebut dengan logo apel digigit. Dalam penggunaan iPhone iniakan muncul salah satu masalah seperti self-esteem atau harga diri yang dimilikioleh pengguna iPhone. Ada 125 mahasiswa pengguna iPhone yang membantuuntuk menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk melihatbagaimanakah self-esteem yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa pengguna iPhone danapakah dalam kepemilikan iPhone self-esteem memiliki pengaruh terhadapmahasiswa. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data dalam penelitianini adalah menggunakan skala self-esteem. Teknik Statistik deskriptif digunakanuntuk menganalisis data penelitian yang telah didapat. Hasil analisis menunjukanbahwa laki-laki dan perempuan pada taraf yang sama. Keduanya tidak adamenunjukan perbedaan statistik yang signifikan. Maka laki-laki dan perempuandalam penggunaan iPhone memiliki taraf self-esteem yang sama. Penelitian inihanya dilakukan di kalangan mahasiswa saja, tidak dilakukan pada responden yangbekerja

Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, Penghindaran Pajak: Bagaimana Peran Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan?

This study examines the effect of firm size and sales growth on tax avoidance by using social responsibility as a moderating variable. The data is in the form of financial information sourced from financial statements and corporate social responsibility information sourced from sustainability reports and annual reports of consumer goods sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018-2020. Based on purposive sampling, the number of samples that can be employed is 75 observations. Hypothesis testing is conducted by multiple regression analysis for panel data. This study concludes that firm size does not affect tax avoidance, while sales growth positively affects tax avoidance. Also, this study found that social responsibility can weaken the positive association between firm size and tax avoidance and sales growth on tax avoidance. This study suggests that the Indonesian Tax Authority should include sustainability issues in preparing tax policies in Indonesia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengujian pengaruh ukuran perusahaan dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap penghindaran pajak dengan menggunakan tanggung jawab sosial sebagai variabel moderasi. Data yang digunakan berupa informasi keuangan yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan dan informasi tanggung jawab sosial yang bersumber dari laporan keberlanjutan dan laporan tahunan perusahaan sektor barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2018-2020. Berdasarkan purposive sampling, jumlah sampel yang dapat digunakan 75 observasi. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi berganda untuk data panel. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak, sedangkan pertumbuhan penjualan berpengaruh positif terhadap penghindaran pajak. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tanggung jawab sosial dapat memperlemah hubungan positif ukuran perusahan dan penghindaran pajak maupun serta pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap penghindaran pajak. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Otoritas Pajak di Indonesia perlu memperhatikan isu keberlanjutan dalam penyusunan kebijakan perpajakan di Indonesia.