Analysis of criteria system model for construction contract evaluation

A number of multicriteria decisions must be made during construction investment processes. A number of support systems for multicriteria tasks of construction investment processes are available. Part of them is reviewed in this article. Effectiveness of the construction investment process is greatly influenced by an appropriate formulation of a construction contract. In order to formulate effective construction contract, multicriteria techniques for evaluation and comparison of the contracts must be created. Beside technical, organisational and economic aspects of construction, legal aspects of a construction contract must be also analysed in order to create such techniques. Therefore legal decision‐making systems are also reviewed in the article. A conclusion can be made from the review that decision‐making systems for construction contracts are not available currently. One of the main tasks in the creation of multicriteria support systems is the formation of a multicriteria indicator system. In this paper the structure of construction contracts are analysed and a hierarchical model of a construction contract is presented. Construction contracts have to be made evaluated and compared to this model. On the basis of this model, significance of indicators should be determined and a multicriteria decision support system should be created in further research stages. Hierarchinis statybos rangos sutarties sąlygų modelis Santrauka Sudarant sutartis statybos sektoriuje menkai išnaudojamos informacinės technologijos, todėl bereikalingai gaištamas laikas, kiekvienu atveju vartotojams reikalingos teisinės ir kitokios specialistų konsultacijos. Investicinio statybos proceso metu reikia priimti daug daugiakriterinių sprendimų. Yra sukurta nemažai daugiakriterinių uždavinių statybos investiciniame procese paramos sistemų. Atlikus mokslinės literatūros analizę, pastebėta, kad autoriai sprendžia įvairius su investiciniu statybos procesu susijusius klausimus, tačiau nenagrinėtas ar beveik nenagrinėtas lieka toks svarbus klausimas, kaip statybos rangos sutarčių sudarymas ir vertinimas. Siekiant sudaryti efektyvias statybos rangos sutartis, reikia sukurti ir daugiakriterines statybos rangos sutarčių įvertinimo ir lyginimo metodikas. Norint jas parengti, reikia išnagrinėti ne tik statybos techninius, organizacinius, ekonominius, bet ir teisinius statybos rangos sutarties aspektus. Statybos darbų valdymą sudaro sutarčių kūrimas tarp užsakovo ir rangovo. Sutarties kūrimas turi didelę įtaką abiejų šalių ekonominei sėkmei, jų elgesiui mėginant padidinti savo pelną ir apsisaugoti nuo nuostolių. Šiame straipsnyje atliekama statybos rangos sutarčių struktūros analizė, pateikiama statybos rangos sutarties struktūrinė schema. Ji yra pagrista hierarchija. Vadovaujantis šiuo modeliu turėtų būti sudaromos, įvertinamos ir lyginamos statybos rangos sutartys. Remiantis šiuo modeliu tolesniuose tyrimo etapuose turėtų būti nustatomi rodiklių reikšmingumai ir kuriama daugiakriterinė sprendimų paramos sistema. First Published Online: 21 Oct 2010 Reikšminiai žodžiai: statybos rangos sutartis, sprendimų paramos sistemos, hierarchiniai modeliai, daugiakriteriniai sprendimų priėmimo metodai

Complex evaluation of contracts for construction

The effectiveness of construction processes largely depends on the effective contract preparation. To draw an effective contract for construction, the methods of assessment and comparison of these types of contract should be developed. In recent years, multicriteria methods have been widely used for evaluating various complex phenomena. The development of construction evaluation methods requires the analysis of construction technology and organization, as well as economic factors and legal aspects of contracting in construction. In the present investigation, the criteria describing contracts for construction from various perspectives are determined based on the estimates elicited from experts. The weights of nine criteria used in complex evaluation of construction contracts are determined based on the use of the AHP method. The consistency of expert estimates is also assessed. Using multicriteria evaluation methods, construction contracts are compared and the best alternative is determined. Santrauka Didele reikšme statybos proceso efektyvumui turi tinkamas statybos rangos sutarties sudarymas. Siekiant sudaryti efektyvias statybos rangos sutartis, reikia sukurti rangos sutarčiu ivertinimo ir palyginimo metodikas. Pastaruoju metu sudetingiems procesams vertinti plačiai taikomi daugiakriteriniai vertinimo metodai. Ju vertinimas priklauso nuo rodikliu, charakterizuojančiu procesa, ir ju reikšmingumo. Siekiant parengti statybos vertinimo metodikas, reikia išnagrineti ne tik techninius, organizacinius, ekonominius, bet ir teisinius statybos rangos sutarties aspektus. Taikant ekspertu vertinimus, buvo nustatyti rodikliai, charakterizuojantys statybos rangos sutarties turini. Kompleksiškai ivertinant statybos rangos sutartis AHP metodu nustatyti devyniu rodikliu svoriai, ivertintas ekspertu nuomoniu suderinamumas. Taikant daugia‐kriterinius metodus tarpusavyje palygintos statybos rangos sutartys ir nustatytas geriausias variantas. First Published Online: 24 Jun 2011 Reikšminiai žodžiai: statybos ranga, daugiakriterinis vertinimas, rodiklis, AHP metodas, ekspertu vertinimas, suderinamuma

Evaluation of quality assurance in contractor contracts by multi-attribute decision-making methods

The goal of this paper is to compare quality assurance in different contractor contracts by means of multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) and to select the best option. For this investigation, the authors have developed the complex of quality evaluation criteria. During experimental evaluation, the significance of criteria was determined and the expert evaluation of template construction contracts was performed. The complex comparison of contractor contracts was carried out by means of the following MADM methods: Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) as well as the new Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS). MADM. method. To determine the weights of criteria, with due consideration of uncertainty of expert evaluation, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method was applied. Evaluation of the data structure was performed by methods for the determination of objective weights: an entropy method and new criteria impact loss (CILOS) and integrated determination of objective criteria weights (IDOCRIW) methods. Expert subjective and objective weights were combined into aggregate weights. Based on the investigation performed, the authors make conclusions regarding possibilities for improving quality assurance in contractor contracts

Evaluation of quality assurance in contractor contracts by multi-attribute decision-making methods

The goal of this paper is to compare quality assurance in different contractor contracts by means of multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) and to select the best option. For this investigation, the authors have developed the complex of quality evaluation criteria. During experimental evaluation, the significance of criteria was determined and the expert evaluation of template construction contracts was performed. The complex comparison of contractor contracts was carried out by means of the following MADM methods: Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) as well as the new Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS). MADM. method. To determine the weights of criteria, with due consideration of uncertainty of expert evaluation, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method was applied. Evaluation of the data structure was performed by methods for the determination of objective weights: an entropy method and new criteria impact loss (CILOS) and integrated determination of objective criteria weights (IDOCRIW) methods. Expert subjective and objective weights were combined into aggregate weights. Based on the investigation performed, the authors make conclusions regarding possibilities for improving quality assurance in contractor contracts

Developing a strategic sustainable facility plan for a hospital layout using ELECTRE and Apples procedure

Today healthcare globally is growing at a rapid pace and despite the huge technological advancement, healthcare still faces primitive challenges and hence results in the poor service and facility to the needy. Layout planning acts as one major reason which requires improvements for the effective and efficient working of the healthcare facilities. This research aims at optimizing several quantitative criteria related to economic, technology and society which are taken into consideration for the decision-making during the evaluation, analysing and selection of the best layout for an existing healthcare facility. Critical areas for the improvement were found out using statistical analysis based on a survey questionnaire and Apple’s layout procedure is utilised to design the different possible layouts for an efficient facility. The seven criteria namely inter-departmental satisfactory level, the average distance travelled and the average time required for staff flow, the average distance travelled and the average time required for patient flow, the average distance travelled and the average time required for material flow were taken into consideration. The ELECTRE methodology was used as multi-criteria decision making based on decided seven criteria for comparing the different layout by methodical and orderly thinking.N/

Statybos ir nekilnojamojo turto sandoriai

Mokomoji priemonė padės suprasti, išmokti analizuoti ir vertinti statybos sandorių vietą civilinėje teisėje, suvokti statybos sandorių ypatybes, suvokti nekilnojamojo turto sandorių reglamentavimo ypatybes. Turinys pradeda¬mas nuo sandorių teisės, pereinant prie sutarčių teisės bendrosios dalies ir galutiniame etape prieinama prie statybos rangos sutarties (specialiosios CK dalies). Mokomoji priemonė skirta statybos inžinerijos, statybos technologijų ir val-dymo bei nekilnojamojo turto vadybos programų studentams, kitų specialy¬bių studentams, kurie domisi statybos ir nekilnojamojo turto sandoriais. VGTU statybos ir nekilnojamojo turto sričių I pakopos studijų programų atnaujinimas diegiant inovatyvius mokymo(si) metodus. Projekto kodas Nr. VP1-2.2-ŠMM-07-K-01-032

Reasoned decisions in construction contracts evaluation / Racionaluūs sprendimai vertinant statybos rangos sutartis

Preparation of an agreement has a great influence on economic success of both parties and on their behaviour in order to increase their profits and to protect themselves against a possible loss. It is important to use technological innovations in construction contracting. Even when the contractor is selected and the price and work terms are negotiated, it is possible to choose several variants of agreements. The aim of this article is to develop a hierarchical model of criteria of a construction contract agreement based on their functions. Construction contract agreements can be concluded, evaluated and compared on the basis of this model. The model forms the basis of decision support system for analysis of construction contracts. Decision support system created on the basis of the presented model can be very useful and helpful in construction contract agreement and can be widely implemented in different construction sectors. Santrauka Tinkamas statybos rangos sutarčių parengimas turi didelę įtaką abiejų šalių sutarties įvykdymo ekonominei sėkmei. Netgi tais atvejais, kai statybos rangovas yra jau parinktas, sutarta dėl statybos kainos ir kitų esminių sutarties sąlygų, galimi daugiau negu vienas statybos rangos sutarčių variantai. Siekiant parinkti racionalų sutarties variantą reikia sudaryti statybos rangos sutarties modelį ir paruošti sutarties vertinimo sprendimo paramos sistemą.  Autoriai siūlo statybos rangos sutartis vertinti naudojant hierarchinį statybos rangos sutarties modelį. Straipsnyje aprašyta autorių siūloma internetinė statybos rangos sutarčių vertinimo sistema, pagrįsta pasiūlytu statybos rangos sutarties modeliu. First published online: 21 Oct 2010 Reikšminiai žodžiai: sprendimų paramos sistemos, statybos rangos sutartys, daugiatikslis vertinima

Mediation as an alternative means to the business dispute resolution

In business, disputes often arise over contractual relationships when contractual obligations are not properly fulfilled. The potential risk of disputes must always be assessed. Timing and adherence to agreed deadlines are very important in business, as any delay can cause significant damage, and the legal entity can suffer significant losses. In a dispute between business partners, people tend to go to the court and fight there to the fullest rather than reach an amicable settlement, but there is always a winning and losing party in a litigation. From a long-term perspective, it will be impossible for the disputing parties to work together in the future, and the losing party will always feel great resentment towards the winner. Therefore, litigation is not always an attractive option and in this case mediation is a great way to resolve business disputes due to its expediency. Mediation is a dynamic, structured, interactive process which is focused on the needs, rights, and interests of the parties. It also helps to find the optimal solution and encourages open communication. This article presents the possibilities and perspectives of the application of mediation in Lithuania by reviewing global practice

Divorce at the notary: protection of creditors' interests

In order to continue to grow and prosper, modern society is increasingly adopting the products of companies, institutions, and organizations providing credit services. However, as a result, dissolution of a marriage tends to pose problems and raises unavoidable questions concerning the determination of the nature of the obligations of the spouses and the division of these obligations, which is why it is quite common in divorce cases for a third party, a creditor whose interests also need to be protected, to be involved. In cases concerning family relations, protection of the public interest predominates because protection of the legal interests of the spouses as well as the creditors must be guaranteed, also the proportionality of the protection of the legal interests between the parties must be achieved, because everyone has the right to defend their violated rights, and the state must ensure the protection of those legal interests. However, this protection is often compromised due to the lack of information available to notaries, which could be alleviated by more extensive use of technology. The article’s aim is to analyze the amendments to the Civil Code of the Republic of Lithuania as of 1 January 2023 concerning extrajudicial divorce at a notary, its advantages and drawbacks, as well as to discuss the existing and the possibility of adaptation of new technological solutions with an aim of improving the protection of creditors in the divorce process. Keywords: divorce, IT solutions, notary, protection of creditor’s interests

Decision Support in Analysis of Construction Contracts

Preparation of an agreement has a great influence on economic success of both parties and on their behaviour in order to increase their profits and to protect themselves against possible loss. It is important to use technological innovations in construction contracting. Even when the construction contractor is selected and the price and work terms are negotiated, it’s possible to choose at least several variants of agreements. The aim of this article is to develop a hierarchical model of criteria of a construction contraction agreement based on their functions. Construction contraction agreements can be concluded, evaluated and compared on the basis of this model. This model forms the basis of decision support system for analysis of construction contracts. Decision support system created on the basis of presented model can be very useful and helpful in construction contraction agreement and can be widely implemented in different construction sectors