EKSPLORASI DAN KAJIAN KERAGAMAN JAMUR FILOPLEN PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH : UPAYA PENGENDALIAN HAYATI TERHADAP PENYAKIT BERCAK UNGU (Alternaria porri)

Results of the research showed that diversity index of phylloplane saprophytic fungy on shallot crops equal to 2,99. In this research Trichoderma sp. and Penicillium sp. represented saprophytic fungi which have potency as antagonist to A. porr

SELEKSI MIKROBA FILOSFER ANTAGONIS DAN MEDIA EKSTRAK KOMPOS: UPAYA PENGENDALIAN JAMUR Alternaria porri PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH

The purpose of this research is to get the kind of filoplane fungi on onion crop which is highly potential in controlling purple blotch disease caused by the fungus Alternaria porri and to find compatible media for the development of antagonistic fungi. This research was carried out by using the antagonism test of saproba against A. porri and compatibility test of organic materials against saprobe growth. Treatment consists of extracts from cow manure and green manure. The treatment was repeated four times using completely randomized design. The results showed that the fungus saprobe that could inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi by antibiosis come from two types of isolates,that is, Trichoderma sp. and Penicillium sp. In addition, the fungus Penicillium sp. can grow more quickly on the media with extracts from compost or green manure compared with on the cow-manure extracts media, while the fungus Trichoderma sp. can grow well on both types of media. Keywords:, Trichoderma sp. , Penicillium sp., Alternatia porri, extracted manur

RESPON BIBIT TANAMAN ANGGUR (Vetis venifera L) TERHADAP INFEKSI MlKORIZA

The research was aimed to study young wine plant responses on some inoculum mycorrbiza's infection. The research was factorial, aranged in acompletely radomised design. The treatments were combinations soil factor i.e; steril and non steril soil and sources iinoculum factor i.e; inoculum from root of mango, orange, wine, papaya and control. Each treatment was replicated third. lnoculum was mixed 3 gram mycorrhiza's roots· and 10 gram mycorrhiza' s soil from rizosfer. These inoculum were placed at funel paper in polybag. Results of this research showed' that growth mycorrhiza was better on steril soil than non sterilizer soil. Mycorrhiza's infection was increased wine plants growth. Inoculum from papaya infr'eased 255% dry weight of plant on steril soil, mangos inoculum increased 119 % on non steril soil

APLIKASI LECANICILLIUM LECANII DAN MINYAK BIJI JARAK UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA ULAT GRAYAK

Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman dapat mengakibatkan penurunan hasil produksi pada tanaman kedelai. Salah satu OPT pada tanaman kedelai yaitu hama ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura F.). Aplikasi kombinasi jamur L. lecanii dan minyak biji jarak berpotensi sebagai pengendali hama ulat grayak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sinergisme dari jamur L. lecanii dan minyak nabati biji jarak, dan konsentrasi aplikasi yang efektif dalam mengendalikan hama. Terdapat 6 perlakuan yaitu pemberian L. lecanii dengan penambahan minyak 2,5%; 5%; 7,5%; 10%, kontrol negatif (tanpa perlakuan), dan kontrol positif (pemberian L. lecanii). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian satu arah (Anova) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan minyak nabati biji jarak pada L. lecanii berpengaruh terhadap periode inkubasi dan mortalitas ulat grayak. Periode inkubasi paling cepat yaitu 3 hari setelah aplikasi yang terjadi pada perlakuan LSB 6. Mortalitas ulat grayak tertinggi pada perlakuan LSB 6 dengan penambahan minyak biji jarak 10% yaitu sebesar 31,72%

KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, Br PADA AIR LINDI DI TIGA LOKASI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR (TPA) DADAPREJO, KOTA BATU, DAU DAN SUPIT URANG, KABUPATEN MALANG

Heavy metals where their presence in certain amounts is not harmful to living organisms, but if the amount exceeds the threshold it will be toxic. The character of heavy metals that are difficult to degrade, and easy to accumulate in the environment, so that some monitoring is needed to minimize the high content of heavy metals in leachate. The research was carried out in three locations TPA Dadaprejo Batu City, TPA Dau and TPA Supit Urang, Malang Regency, East Java. This research lasted for five months starting from May to September 2020. The materials used in this study were leachate water and leachate contaminated soil at the Dau Final Disposal Site, Dadaprejo, Supit Urang. The equipment used for this study were 600 ml bottles, filters, labels, plastic bags, scales, hoes, digital cameras and stationery. This research was conducted using sampling. The number of treatments consisted of 3 treatments which were repeated 3 times with the total amount of leachate being 9 samples. Leachate Sampling: There are 3 plots of leachate ponds at each location. Each pool plot was taken as much as 500 ml of leachate sample. Then obtained 3 samples from 3 plots, then samples of leachate from each plot were composited so that 1 sample was obtained representing each TPA. This leachate sample uses a grab sample technique where the wastewater is only temporary. To test the heavy metal content in leachate, it was identified by means of AAS (Athomyc Absorption Spectophotometer) which was carried out at the soil chemistry laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The observation parameters The observed parameters were heavy metal content in leachate samples of heavy metals Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Cobalt (Co), Boron (Br). The results showed the presence of heavy metals from leachate, namely, heavy metals iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), mercury ( Hg) which has a concentration value exceeding the quality standard threshold in accordance with the FAO, 2007 recommendation and Government Regulation Number. 82 of 2001

EFIKASI Streptomyces sp. TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM PADA TANAMAN CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.) DENGAN WAKTU APLIKASI YANG BERBEDA

Fusarium wilt disease in red pepper plants is caused by the pathogenic fungus Fusarium sp. This disease is classified as an important disease of red chili plants because it can cause damage up to 50%. One of the efforts to overcome fusarium wilt disease is to use biological agents Streptomyces sp. which comes from the field of shallots and tomatoes in Pare, Kediri. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the application of Streptomyces sp. Against Fusarium wilt disease in red pepper plants with a wide range of application times. This study used a Factorial Complete Randomized Design with SP and BMP isolate type treatment, as well as application time treatment before planting, at the same time planting and after planting. Each treatment was repeated 5 times and given 5 plant units on each repetition. Observation parameters were carried out on the incubation period, disease severity, plant height, number of leaves, flowering age and number of flowers. Application Streptomyces sp. SP isolate with application time before planting showed the best results compared to other treatments. Keywords: Application Time, Fusarium sp., Streptomyces sp.  INTISARI                                                 Penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman cabai merah disebabkan oleh jamur patogen Fusarium sp. Penyakit ini tergolong ke dalam penyakit penting tanaman cabai merah karena dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hingga 50%. Salah satu Upaya dalam mengatasi penyakit layu fusarium adalah menggunakan agensia hayati Streptomyces sp. yang berasal dari lahan bawang merah dan tomat di Pare, Kediri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengetahui pengaruh apikasi Streptomyces sp. terhadap penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman cabai merah dengan berbagai macam waktu aplikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan perlakuan jenis isolate SP dan BMP, serta perlakuan waktu aplikasi sebelum tanam, bersamaan tanam dan setelah tanam. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali dan diberikan 5 unit tanaman pada masing-masing ulangan. Parameter pengamatan dilakukan terhadap masa inkubasi, keparahan penyakit, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, umur berbunga dan jumlah bunga. Aplikasi Streptomyces sp. isolat SP dengan waktu aplikasi sebelum tanam menunjukkan hasil terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain. Kata kunci: Waktu Aplikasi, Fusarium sp., Streptomyces sp.

Penurunan Residu Pestisida Tebukonazol dan Trifloksistrobin pada Umbi Bawang Merah dengan Budidaya Organik Berbasis Biopestisida di Desa Bulugunung Kecamatan Plaosan Kabupaten Magetan

[REDUCTION OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES Tebukunazol AND Trifloksistrobin ON ORGANIC BULB SHALLOT CROPS WITH BIOPESTICIDE BASED IN BULUGUNUNG VILLAGE, PLAOSAN, MAGETAN REGENCY]. Shallot plants are agricultural commodities that have a high and economic value. The continuous use of pesticides to increase Shallot production will harm the environment. The active pesticides of Tebukonazol and Triflooxystrobin are one of the fungicides to overcome moler disease. Maximum Residue Limit (BMR) on shallot bulbs for active substance Tebukonazol of 0.1 mg/kg while for active substances Trifloksistrobin of 0.01 mg/kg. To reduce the pesticide residues, efforts are needed through the application of biopesticides. This research was conducted in March-May 2021 in Bulugunung Village of Plaosan District of Magetan Regency. Analysis of pesticide residues Tebukonazol and Trifloksistrobin was carried out at the Laboratory of The Industrial Research and Consulting Center (BPKI) Surabaya. The research was one factor, conducted in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments with 6 replications, namely: Treatment (A): Conventional cultivation, Treatment (B): Fobio (seeds and plants), Phonska Fertilizer, P-Phosfat, SP-36, KCl, and ZA, Treatment (C): Manure to the soil and Soil sterilization with Fobio, as well as pesticide application, Treatment (D): Giving soil manure and soil sterilization with Fobio, and the application of Fobio (seeds and plants). Data analysis was conducted in analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the the Honesty Significant Difference (HSD) at a level of 5% if the F test shows a significant effect. The results showed that the treatments (B) and (D) of Fobio applications in seeds and plants have the lowest pesticide residue values of Tebukonazol and Trifloksystrobin compared to treatments (A) and (C) that use chemical pesticides.Tanaman bawang merah merupakan komoditas pertanian yang memiliki permintaan dan nilai ekonomis tinggi. Penggunaan pestisida secara terus menerus untuk meningkatkan produksi bawang merah akan berdampak negatif pada lingkungan.  Pestisida berbahan aktif Tebukonazol dan Trifloksistrobin merupakan salah satu fungisida untuk mengatasi penyakit moler. Batas Maksimum Residu (BMR) pada umbi bawang merah untuk zat berbahan aktif Tebukonazol sebesar 0.1 mg/kg sedangkan untuk zat berbahan aktif Trifloksistrobin sebesar 0,01 mg/kg. Untuk mengurangi residu pestisida, maka diperlukan upaya melalui aplikasi biopestisida. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Mei 2021 di Desa Bulugunung Kecamatan Plaosan Kabupaten Magetan. Analisis residu pestisida Tebukonazol dan Trifloksistrobin dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian dan Konsultasi Industri (BPKI) Surabaya. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dengan 6 kali ulangan, yaitu : Perlakuan (A): Budidaya secara konvesional, Perlakuan (B): Fobio (benih dan tanaman ), Pupuk Phonska, P-Phosfat, SP-36, KCl, dan ZA, Perlakuan (C): Pemberian pupuk kandang ke tanah dan Sterilisasi tanah dengan Fobio, serta aplikasi pestisida, Perlakuan (D): Pemberian pupuk kandang ketanah dan sterilisasi tanah dengan Fobio, serta aplikasi Fobio (benih dan tanaman). Analisis data menggunakan sidik ragam, dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjutan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf nyata 5% apabila uji F menunjukkan pengaruh perlakuan yang nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa residu pestisida Tebukonazol dan Trifloksistrobin pada setiap perlakuan memiliki nilai yang berbeda nyata. Perlakuan (B) dan (D) aplikasi Fobio pada benih dan tanaman memiliki nilai residu pestisida Tebukonazol dan Trifloksystrobin paling rendah jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan (A) dan (C) yang menggunakan pestisida kimia.Kata Kunci: Residu Pestisida, Tebukonazol, Trifloksistrobin, Bawang Merah, Budidaya organik, Biopestida 

JAMUR PATOGEN TERBAWA BENIH JAGUNG (ZEA MAYS L.) DI DESA KUWIK, KUNJANG, KEDIRI

Jagung (Zea mays) merupakan komoditas pangan dengan sumber karbohidrat tertinggi ketiga di dunia setelah gandum dan padi. Benih merupakan merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam keberhasilan peningkatan produksi pertanian dan salah satunya adalah benih jagung, tetapi sampai dengan saat ini banyak ditemukan patogen terbawa benih yang menurunkan kualitas benih, dan menurunkan daya kecambah benih. Diantara patogen terbawa benih jagung adalah jamur Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., dan Colletotrichum sp. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur patogen terbawa benih jagung di Desa Kuwik, Kunjang, Kediri dan dilakukan dilakukan di Laboratorium Kesehatan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur, dimulai Desember 2021 dan berakhir Maret 2022. Identifikasi jamur patogen dilakukan menggunakan metode inkubasi pada media Potato Dekstrosa Agar (PDA).  Pengamatan pertumbuhan jamur dilakukan pada hari ketujuh setelah jamur tumbuh,  selanjutnya diidentifikasi karakter koloni dan morfologinya berdasar buku kunci identifikasi Boerema et al. (2004), Domsch et al. (1980), Ellis (1971), Sutton (1980), dan Watanabe (2002). Hasil identifikasi jamur patogen pada benih jagung adalah Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp