Outcomes of territorial competition and the role of intergovernmental transfers among Mexican regions

In an environment of growing globalization, which goes along with a relative increase of factor mobility, the role of territories and its competitiveness is under debate. In order to spur local attraction territories often enter in competition with each other. At this respect it is commonplace that governments at various territorial levels apart from other public and private institutions concern about providing the conditions that make attractive their countries, regions or cities for productive activities and in so doing they get involved in the race for competitiveness. Even though competition involves the actions of multiple actors, these often are connected with each other through local policy makers. By and large, local government and regional development policy are regarded to play a central function in territorial competition and in fact can be considered that the competitive success of regions and cities cannot be achieved without the active action of local governments. To the extent to which governments are more conscious about the actual territorial competitive environment they will try to formulate more policies for the development of competitive capabilities. The actions and efforts may take many forms (marketing, assisting local businesses, constructing infrastructure, information and land provision, taxation and so on). Particularly governments may use programs or apply funds, which are available as a result of national or regional policy, to attend to local interests. However local governments’ actions depend to a large extent on their financial capabilities. The federal government in Mexico provides most of the financial support to states and municipalities on an ongoing basis through transfers and participations. These are federal transfers supporting specific policy areas or unconditional transfers.This paper is concerned with presenting an integrated framework for territorial competition analysis which emphasises the fundamental role of local government action and assessing the role of federal aid on the competitive results of Mexican regions. The methodology proposed will develop a series of competitive results indicators for Mexican regions and use a multivariate analysis to assess the influence of transfers and participations. The periods include those years when Mexico has been and opened and liberalised economy.

Clima social del aula y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria en tres Instituciones Educativas de la Red Nº 11, San Martín de Porres, 2013

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como problema principal: ¿Qué correlación existe entre el clima social del aula y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria en tres Instituciones Educativas de la Red N° 11, San Martín de Porres, 2013; y el objetivo general fue determinar la correlación que existe entre el clima social del aula con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria en tres Instituciones Educativas de la Red N° 11, San Martín de Porres, 2013. Se realizó un estudio de tipo básica, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, descriptivo correlacional, la población del estudio estuvo constituida por 351 estudiantes de primer grado de secundaria, la muestra es de tipo probabilística estratificada con un total de 184 estudiantes, se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta y como instrumento un cuestionario de clima social del aula aplicado a los estudiantes y el rendimiento académico se trabajó con las actas de evaluación (promedio de notas). El tratamiento estadístico se realizó mediante la aplicación de figuras con su respectiva tabla de distribución de frecuencias y análisis. La validación se efectuó mediante el estadístico del coeficiente de Spearman con un valor de 0.684 con un nivel de significancia a = 0.05, concluyendo que existe una correlación moderada positiva entre clima social del aula y el rendimiento académico

The use of the information and communication technologies ICTs) as a language learning strategy by first-year students, of the b.a. in Modern Languages Specialization in French and English, semester I- 2019 at The University of El Salvador /

The Internet has grown without borders, without limits, and it has opened doors where all technologies have been able to grow. The Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are a consequence of the developments in the telecommunications, engineering and all technological upgrades. Over the years, society has undergone changes that are adopted through the process of socialization, in which globalization is on the way, and few countries have fallen behind in terms of technological advances, El Salvador is one of them, as these technologies serve as a tool for the universalization of technical advances. Now, it is difficult for the new generations to remember what the world was like and specifically in El Salvador prior to the arrival of the internet. Today, different situations or moments of life are developing in the virtual world; most of its users are young, whether they are studying basic education, high-school or college. Likewise, the growth in the access of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is transforming the learning processes in students. ICTs have become within a short time one of the basic building blocks of a modern society; a number of websites where students can find different types of information have emerged to help them develop their academic activities and thus learn more. ICTs –and the Internet in particular–provide language learners with the opportunity to use the language that they are learning in meaningful ways in authentic contexts. The Internet provides an easy and fast access to the use of current and authentic materials in the language being studied, which is motivating for the language learner (Fitzpatrick, 2019). Such authentic materials include, for instance, online newspapers, webcasts, podcasts, newsroom video clips or even video sharing websites such as YouTube. Another motivating language learning opportunity using ICTs is provided by chat rooms and virtual environments where the language learner can practice not only the written use of the language, but also practice speaking and pronunciation, without the fear of making mistakes. The University of El Salvador, as a social institution, is providing to the new generations the technological tools to become an active and productive part of the new society immersed in continuous expansion of its cultural and commercial trades. In this respect, as students of the Foreign Language Department, the research group wants to investigate what use first-year students make of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as a mechanism of improvement of their language learning strategies

Factors related to academic success in students in the 10 th semester in the major of Modern Languages in the University of El Salvador: teachers, resources, administration and students

Nowadays, learning a foreign language has become an elemental key to be successful as a professional in a society. Therefore the Foreign Languages department in the University of El Salvador has created the major of Modern Languages, specialized in English and French, to cover the demands society brings. This major was implemented in the year 2002 and now it has become one of the most attractive for students. The amount of students increased and the Foreign Languages Department had to face the problem of not counting with enough human and technological resources, as well infrastructure, which has led to various constraints. This brought difficulties to the learners to obtain academic success. Academic success can be defined as the achievement by individuals of objectives related to various types of knowledge and skills. These objectives are socially established based on the age, prior learning and capacity of individuals with regard to education, socialization and qualification. Studies conducted on academic achievement notably focus on student progress and individual, institutional and organizational factors of achievement, along with social relationship interactions that determine, facilitate or hinder academic achievement (CRIRES 2005). But in this research appeared some aspects that were taken into consideration since according to the students they interfered with their academic achievement. The most relevant aspects were divided in four factors: Teachers, Administration, Resources and Students. These were found in the SICEVAES1 (Sistema Centroamericano de Evaluación y Acreditación de la Educación Superior). These factors were not only reinforced with the bibliographic, but also with the information survey results obtained from the students of the tenth semester of Foreign Languages Major. Given the fact that this research is merely bibliographical, only the survey was carried out. All this information will be presented in the following essay

The Effects of Teaching Undergraduate Freshmen Biology Courses in Spanish and English

This study examines the attitudes and experiences of bilingual learners across two instructional types, identifying how the language of instruction affects the context of learning, and how the experience of the learners differs. Participants included 269 predominantly Hispanic undergraduate students in a general biology course attending a Hispanic Serving Institution in a bilingual community along the US-Mexico border. A bilingual faculty member, who recognizes the sociocultural and contextual factors that affect student learning and adopts a teaching philosophy founded in Culturally Responsive Practices (CRP) and valuing students’ Funds of Knowledge taught the class. This study utilized a mixed method design including analyses of quantitative student learning outcomesa and qualitative data on students’ experiences in educational contexts. While all learners were enrolled in sections of the course in which the instructor used CRP, only half of the learners received instruction bilingually in Spanish and English, allowing a comparison of the effects of bilingual instruction. Analyses of student experiences and knowledge gained revealed significantly greater learning in the bilingual courses, compared to English monolingual sections taught by the same faculty member. Results suggest that the use of bilingual instructional approaches can lead to positive outcomes for bilingual undergraduate students. These findings can be used by educators and policy makers alike, with interest in promoting the academic and sociocultural development of bilingual undergraduate students

Aplicação de altas pressões em chouriço de peru sem aditivos - segurança alimentar

As tecnologias emergentes de conservação dos alimentos têm como objetivo a segurança microbiológica, preservando a qualidade nutricional e sensorial ao longo do armazenamento. As altas pressões hidrostáticas são um método de conservação, alternativo aos processos térmicos existentes mais agressivos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a aplicação de altas pressões em chouriço de peru produzido sem adição de aditivos numa unidade fabril e submetido a altas pressões (600MPa durante 8 min). As amostras foram armazenadas a 4 °C. Analisadas no dia da aplicação do tratamento e após 2 e 4 meses. Os parâmetros microbiológicos, designadamente contagens de bactérias lácticas mesófilas, bolores e leveduras, bactérias coliformes, Clostridium perfringens, estafilococos coagulase positivos, Escherichia coli ß-glucuronidase positiva, mesófilos, psicrotróficos, e pesquisa de Listeria monocytogenes, e de Salmonella spp., foram analisados recorrendo às metodologias definidas segundo as normas internacionais. Na pesquisa de patogénicos todas as amostras analisadas apresentaram um resultado de ausência em 25 g de produto. As contagens de Escherichia coli, bolores e leveduras, bactérias coliformes, Clostridium perfringens, e estafilococos coagulase positivos revelaram-se inferiores a 10 UFC g-1. As amostras submetidas a altas pressões hidrostáticas obtiveram contagens de bactérias lácticas mesófilas, mesófilos e psicrotróficos inferiores às contagens das amostras sem tratamento, desde o dia da aplicação do tratamento, com uma redução de 2 log. Perante os resultados obtidos, o fabrico de chouriço de peru sem aditivos e com aplicação de altas pressões hidrostáticas surge como um método de conservação do produto.N/

Efeito da aplicação de altas pressões em chouriço de frango sem aditivos

A procura de produtos com carne de aves e sem aditivos é cada vez mais acentuada por parte dos consumidores. As indústrias alimentares tentam corresponder a estas exigências com o desenvolvimento de produtos isentos de aditivos mas garantindo a segurança alimentar. As altas pressões são uma alternativa interessante face aos métodos tradicionais de conservação de alimentos, uma vez que permitem aumentar a segurança microbiológica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito das altas pressões em chouriço de frango sem adição de aditivos, produzido numa unidade industrial. Após o tratamento (600MPa por 8 min) as amostras foram armazenadas a 4 °C. O controlo microbiológico foi realizado no dia 0, 2 e 4 meses de conservação. Efetuaram-se contagens de bactérias lácticas mesófilas, bolores e leveduras, bactérias coliformes, Clostridium perfringens, estafilococos coagulase positivos, Escherichia coli ß-glucuronidase positiva, mesófilos, e psicrotróficos, e pesquisas de Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., segundo as normas internacionais. Os resultados apontam a ausência de Salmonella spp. e de Listeria monocytogenes em 25 g de produto. As contagens de Escherichia coli, bolores e leveduras, bactérias coliformes, Clostridium perfringens, e estafilococos coagulase positivos foram inferiores a 10 UFC g-1 em todas as amostras. As análises microbiológicas revelaram que as amostras com tratamento obtiveram contagens de bactérias lácticas mesófilas, mesófilos e psicrotróficos inferiores às contagens das amostras sem tratamento, com uma redução de 2 log. Esta redução poderá estar associada ao efeito das altas pressões ao nível da estrutura e integridade funcional da membrana citoplasmática dos microrganismos. Em suma, as altas pressões são uma técnica de grande interesse na indústria alimentar.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Depresión y ansiedad en adolescentes de la Institución educativa Portadores de luz Callao, 2023

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo: “Determinar si existe relación entre la depresión y ansiedad en los adolescentes del colegio portadores de luz Callao, 2023”. Método: Cuantitativo, correlacional, de corte transversal no experimental. La población estuvo compuesta por 100 adolescentes, se aplicaron dos instrumentos un cuestionario para medir las variables depresión y ansiedad, ambos instrumentos cuentan con confiablidad y validez. Resultados: indicaron que el 40% de los adolescentes presenta nivel moderado a severo en depresión y el 41% de los adolescentes presenta un nivel de moderado a severo extremo de ansiedad, así mismo en relación a la correlación se obtuvo un p valor de P=0.989 Conclusión: Existe relación significativa entre la depresión y ansiedad en los adolescentes del colegio portadores de luz Callao, 202

Semiotics and Architecture: How Can it Become a Fruitful Coactive Relationship?

Architecture has always been a difficult subject matter for semioticians. On the one hand, space is not easy to formalize in any way, and, on the other hand, architects have not helped at all, on the contrary, they uncovered a lot of problems and never found solutions. The excellent research work made by the IASS coordinated by professor Pierre Pellegrino, and also the PHD program in the School of Architecture in Tunisia, thanks to the late professor Alain Renier, are two examples of endured effort, that were very often not recognised by universities and professional institutions. The situation is slowly changing, at last, and a surprising impulse is coming from the design by computer processes, since now architects need more theories in order to justify their new expertises. My contribution will show how these new processes can increase the coaction between semiotics and architecture, starting from the probabilistic epigenetic model defined by the late professor Gilbert Gottlieb. This coaction between architecture and semiotics, demands a better clarification of the deep relationships between cognitive construction and cognitive communication, both in architecture and in semiotics, an old topic that can today be revisited. From this point of view, some cognitive anthropological recent developments (E, Hutchins, D. Kirsh and others) can show the right way to go. Then, following the last work by Professor Alva Noe, architecture and semiotics could follow their own developments, hand by hand, in a similar way art and philosophy can interact. They can be two different ways of organization of our lives, without the subordination of one by the other. Some examples of this coactive interaction between semiotics and architecture constitute the conclusions of this communication

In vitro characterization of the antiviral activity of fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus against Newcastle Disease Virus

Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) causes a serious infectious disease in birds that results in severe losses in the worldwide poultry industry. Despite vaccination, NDV outbreaks have increased the necessity of alternative prevention and control measures. Several recent studies focused on antiviral compounds obtained from natural resources. Many extracts from marine organisms have been isolated and tested for pharmacological purposes, and their antiviral activity has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide present in the cell wall matrix of brown algae that has been demonstrated to inhibit certain enveloped viruses with low toxicity. This study evaluated the potential antiviral activity and the mechanism of action of fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus against NDV in the Vero cell lin