Walking to School: Incidental Physical Activity in the Daily Occupations of Australian Children

Children's participation in physical activity is declining, and nowhere is this more apparent than in the incidental activity of walking to school_ The aim of this pilot study was to examine the extent to which Australian children walked to and from primary school, and to survey parents to identify factors influencing this behaviour. Parents of 164 students in Grades I-7 (mean age 9.1 +/- 2.02 years) from a primary school comprising 360 students responded to a questionnaire regarding psychosocial and environmental factors thought to influence the means by which their children went to and from school. Results indicated that parent perception of the importance of physical activity, parents' individual history of transport to school as well as distance from school were the most statistically significant factors determining children's involvement in walking to and from school. The results of this study highlight the attitudes and experiences of parents in determining the extent to which children are involved in non-motorized access to school. Also implicated are organizational policies about geographical school regions. While this study is limited to one school community, further study is recommended with others to better confirm findings by examining socioeconomic, geographic and policy variables. Occupational therapists are challenged to examine ways in which incidental physical activity can be increased in the lives of young children

Energy, transport and the environment

25.00Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:q90/29538(Energy) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

New futures for rural rail The full report

A Transnet research projectSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:q94/04702 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

TransNet RFID System [smart Translink system]

The TransNet RFID System is intended for use by TransLink in detecting fare evaders and improving security aboard SkyTrains in a cost-effective way. It is also a system intended to make fare payments more convenient for passengers by eliminating the need for physical barriers (found in many fare-card systems). This system will count the number of paying and non-paying passengers boarding a public transit vehicle. TransLink can then use this information to find locations where fare evaders are present. By seeing how many people are boarding in certain locations and seeing how many resources, such as buses, are allocated to that location, TransLink can further utilize this data to send more buses as they are needed

The epidemiology and outcomes of invasive Candida infections among organ transplant recipients in the United States: results of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET)

Background: Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a common cause of mortality in solid organ transplant recipients (OTRs), but knowledge of epidemiology in this population is limited. Method: The present analysis describes data from 15 US centers that prospectively identified IC from nearly 17 000 OTRs. Analyses were undertaken to determine predictors of infection and mortality. Results: A total of 639 cases of IC were identified. The most common species was Candida albicans (46.3%), followed by Candida glabrata (24.4%) and Candida parapsilosis (8.1%). In 68 cases \u3e1 species was identified. The most common infection site was bloodstream (44%), followed by intra-abdominal (14%). The most frequently affected allograft groups were liver (41.1%) and kidney (35.3%). All-cause mortality at 90 days was 26.5% for all species and was highest for Candida tropicalis (44%) and C. parapsilosis (35.2%). Non-white race and female gender were more commonly associated with non-albicans species. A high rate of breakthrough IC was seen in patients receiving antifungal prophylaxis (39%). Factors associated with mortality include organ dysfunction, lung transplant, and treatment with a polyene antifungal. The only modifiable factor identified was choice of antifungal drug class based upon infecting Candida species. Conclusion: These data highlight the common and distinct features of IC in OTRs