AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUSPENDED SEDIMENT RATING CURVE PARAMETERS IN THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN AT THE MONTHLY AND ANNUAL LEVELS

Suspended sediment rating curve parameters were analyzed to investigate the relationship of suspended load and discharge in the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB) at the annual and monthly levels. The rating curve parameters were obtained from the power function of load and discharge: Load = a × (Discharge)b [(Discharge)^b]. The function was solved by ordinary least squares regression on its logarithmic form. The annual rating coefficient a and exponent b ranged from 0 to 0.25 (kg/s)(s/m3)b [(kg/s)(s/m^3)^b] and from 0.91 to 4.27, respectively. The monthly rating coefficient a and exponent b ranged from 0 to 0.239 (kg/s)(s/m3)b and from 0.09 to 3.72, respectively. The intercept ln(a) and slope b of the logarithmic graph of suspended load and discharge were negatively correlated. This correlation was stronger for rivers categorized as having high discharge (\u3e 218 m3/s [m^3/s]). This study also showed negative correlations between the rating coefficient a and stream discharge at annual and monthly levels, indicating that in large rivers, the rating curve tends to have a smaller intercept and larger slope. Smaller values of a and b in winter compared to other seasons suggested a low supply of sediment into streams due to frozen ground and the inactive state of streams in transporting sediment during winter months. The dominant shape of annual sediment rating curves in the region was convex, suggesting a transport-limited system for sediment transport in the basin. The transport-limited system indicates the potential of a flow to entrain additional sediment (possibly of larger grain sizes) during high discharge due to its higher competence. The apparent contradiction between the transport-limited condition and the findings of Meade and Moody (2010) is attributed to different approaches to the issue (trend of mean suspended load over time versus sediment rating curve). The results of this thesis also suggested that the UMRB has remained transport-limited after the flood in 1993, although this merits further investigation

AN INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING ENGLISH TEACHING FOR YOUNG LEARNERS OF EFL STUDENTS

Currently, English is used widely in modern life, including education, business, and international relations. As a result, persons attempting to enhance their English skills have a variety of goals. The researcher's goal in this study is to investigate English major students' perspectives on teaching English to young learners. Additionally, the project exposed factors of teaching effectiveness such as teachers' manners, instructional techniques, and challenges in the classroom regularly. This research consists of 62 EFL students at Tra Vinh University who had completed teaching methodology courses and practicum experience and 8 teachers at Sunrise Center. The data were gathered through a questionnaire and interview session. The outcomes indicate that teaching techniques are a significant factor in teaching English to young learners. Moreover, teachers' manners toward students can impact students' language learning outcomes. Last but not least, this study identified several challenges that appear in English classrooms frequently, including a lack of motivation, short attention spans, and obstacles in communicating in English confidently. These findings can inform EFL teachers and curriculum designs to provide learners with quality learning outcomes.  Article visualizations

Examining the effects of lead on the life of larval zebrafish (1-7 days old)

Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal and and can cause variety of disorders and effect on neu-ronal function and neurodevelopment. Using zebrafish as a model, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of concentrations of Pb2+ on the life of zebrafish larvae (from 1 to 7 days old)yesBelgorod State Universit

The Impact of Social Media Marketing on Brand Awareness and Purchase Intention: Case Study of Vietnam's domestic fashion brands

The study aimed to examine the impact of social media marketing on brand awareness and purchase intention for Vietnamese domestic fashion brands. Quantitative research was conducted on 302 Vietnamese people of Generation Z. The questionnaire designed on Google forms was sent to research samples who were willing to participate. Research results determined the role and benefits of social media marketing in 2 aspects: (1) information about the brand of social media marketing on social networks and (2) brand engagement on social networks. Social media marketing has a positive impact on brand awareness and purchase intention of Vietnamese domestic fashion brands. In particular, brand information when communicating on social networks has a direct and positive impact on brand awareness and purchase intention. Brand engagement on social networks has a positive direct impact on brand awareness and a positive indirect impact on purchase intention through brand awareness. The research results show that Vietnamese domestic fashion brands do quite well in social media marketing, and are highly appreciated by the online community of generation Z in Vietnam. In the future, in order to improve brand awareness and purchase intention, Vietnamese domestic fashion brands need to pay attention to the brand information properties of social media marketing programs and need to invest more in brand engagement characteristics of social networks. Keywords: social media marketing, brand awareness, purchase intentio

Research on chemical constituents, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer effects of components isolated from Zingiber officinale Roscoe from Vietnam

Ginger, a commonly used spice and medicinal herb, is an abundant source of bioactive compounds. However, the utilization of ginger in the pharmaceutical industry is still moderate and not commensurate with the potential of the Vietnamese horticulture industry, mainly due to a lack of information about the quality of input materials. In this study, we compared the volatile compounds of gingers collected from 13 provinces of Vietnam using GC/MS and GC-FID analysis to provide a basis for selecting and standardizing input materials. Furthermore, ginger essential oil from Ben Tre province of Vietnam exhibited significant antibacterial activity particularly in inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria, including S. aureus and S. epidermidis, with inhibition zones of 30.00 ± 1.41 and 24.67 ± 3.30 mm, respectively. However, no significant inhibition was observed against Gram-negative bacteria P. aeruginosa and E. coli. We also isolated 5 non-volatile compounds from ginger extract, namely 6-shogaol (1), quercetin (2), rutin (3), beta-sitosterol (4) and beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5). Among them, compounds 1–3 displayed cytotoxicity against Hep3B, SK-LU-1, MCF-7, SK-LU-1, SW480 and HepG2 tumour cell lines, with an IC50 values ranging between 62.7 ± 2.1 and 97.6 ± 1.1 µM, using Ellipticine as a positive control. Compounds 4 and 5 showed cytotoxicity against Hep3B and HepG2 tumor cells, with the IC50 values ranging between 21.5 ± 5.1 and 46.9 ± 3.7 µM but did not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity against SW480 and SK-LU-1 cells. Compound 4 also demonstrated middling cytotoxicity against the MCF7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 43.6 ± 5.1 µM. These findings suggest further applications of Vietnamese ginger for the treatment of infectious and cancer-related diseases

Examining the effects of lead on the life of larval zebrafish (1-7 days old)

yesLead (Pb) is a toxic metal and and can cause variety of disorders and effect on neu-ronal function and neurodevelopment. Using zebrafish as a model, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of concentrations of Pb2+ on the life of zebrafish larvae (from 1 to 7 days old)Belgorod State Universit

Clinical Epidemiology Characteristics and Etiology of Febrile Neutropenia in Children: Analysis of 421 Cases

The congenital immune system includes neutrophils, which perform a variety of functions. Congenital and acquired neutropenia are rare illnesses with an underestimated prevalence in children. The aim of this study is to examine the epidemiology and etiology of febrile neutropenia in children at Haiphong Children’s Hospital, Haiphong, Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 421 febrile neutropenia children. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were examined. Results: The median age (IQR) was 25.0 (12.5–59.5) months. The male-to-female ratio was 1.35/1. There were twice as many children living in the suburbs (66.98%) as in urban areas (33.02%). The mean (SD) temperature at admission was 38.50 ± 0.59 °C. Diagnosed causes associated with neutropenia included acute respiratory infections 250 (59.45%), gastrointestinal infections 68 (16.1%), erythema 37 (8.79%), acute leukemia 15 (3.56%), urinary tract infection 5 (1.19%), and encephalitis/meningitis 4 (0.95%). Viral etiology accounted for 61.52% (259): influenza type A—50.19% (130), influenza type B—31.27% (81), dengue virus—14.67% (38), measles virus 1—93% (5), rotavirus—1.54% (4), and EBV—0.4% (1). Twenty-five patients (5.94%) were found to have bacteria in their cultures, with Streptococcus pneumonia being the most common (eight patients; 32%). Conclusions: Febrile neutropenia was common in children under 2 years old. Primary clinical manifestations were acute upper respiratory tract infections, and viruses most commonly caused febrile neutropenia. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine the cause of febrile neutropenia

Application of a membrane photobioreactor combined with microalgae for shrimp culture wastewater treatment

Shrimp farming has emerged as a multi-billion-dollar industry in our country, creating numerous economic benefits. However, this sector has several negative environmental impacts. Recent studies on the utilization of microalgae for wastewater treatment are of current interest due to their environmental remediation ability, as well as their potential to generate economic value from the biomass produced after treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the wastewater treatment efficiency of Chlorella Vulgaris using a PMBR membrane photobiological model in shrimp aquaculture. The evaluation process included an acclimatization phase and a treatment effectiveness evaluation phase, which lasted a total of 101 days. Algae biomass, the removal efficiency of COD, N-NO -, N-NO -, N-NH +, and P-PO 3-, and membrane fouling behavior were analyzed. The initial results demonstrated that the algae were well-adapted to shrimp aquaculture wastewater. The removal efficiency of N-NO -, N-NO -, N-NH +, and P-PO 3- and COD was 88.55%, 76.15%, 84.58%, 78.07%, and 81.33%, respectively. The algae biomass steadily increased from 91.3 mg/L to 327.69 mg/L, reaching an average level of about 208 mg/L. Additionally, the transmembrane pressure (TMP) evaluation indicated that the necessary time for membrane fouling removal was approximately 25-26 days