Conjugate Simulation of Flow and Heat Conduction with a New Method for Faster Calculation

ABSTRACT

Local Cooling Effectiveness Distribution of an Integrated Impingement and Pin-Fin Cooling Configuration”,

ABSTRACT An integrated impingement and pin-fin cooling configuration is investigated experimentally. Temperature measurements have been performed for several test pieces with various pin/hole arrangements to clarify an influence of pin/hole arrangements on cooling effectiveness. The experiment has been conducted with 673K combustion gas flow and room temperature cooling air. Reynolds number of combustion gas flow is 380000 and Reynolds number of cooling air flow is in the range from 5000 to 30000. An infrared camera is used to measure a temperature distribution on a specimen surface. The area-averaged cooling effectiveness and the local cooling effectiveness are evaluated for each specimen and compared each other. There are evidences of the existence of pins on the local cooling effectiveness at the exact location of those. But the local cooling effectiveness are independent of the hole arrangement

Penggunaan Tenaga Kerja Asing Oleh Perseroan Terbatas Penanam Modal Asing Yang Berinvestasi Di Indonesia

A number of foreign workers who are currently working in Indonesia is not in accordance with the legislation that exists. The foreign workers doing menial jobs and do not have immigration documents are complete. They are working on a number of foreign investors in a number of business sectors, especially in construction and infrastructure. The type of research that is done is the normative legal research i.e. Research which focuses on positive form of legal norms and regulations. Types of data used include primary law, secondary legal materials and legal materials tertiary. The use of foreign labor by a limited liability foreign investors who invest in Indonesia must comply with the legislation that exists. The foreign workers are only allowed to occupy positions as commissioners, directors, and experts who are accompanied by a complete immigration administrative documents

Mechanisms With Clinical Implications for Atrial Fibrillation–Associated Remodeling: Cathepsin K Expression, Regulation, and Therapeutic Target and Biomarker

Background: The cysteine protease cathepsin K (CatK) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. We sought to determine the link between atrial fibrillation (AF) and plasma CatK levels and to investigate the expression of and therapeutic target for CatK in vivo and in vitro. Methods and Results: Plasma CatK and extracellular matrix protein peptides (intact procollagen type I of N‐terminal propeptide; carboxyl‐terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [ICTP]) were measured in 209 consecutive patients with AF (paroxysmal AF, 146; persistent AF, 63) and 112 control subjects. In addition, the regulation of CatK expression was investigated in vivo and vitro. Patients with AF had higher plasma CatK and ICTP levels than did control subjects. Patients with persistent AF had higher levels of plasma CatK and ICTP than did patients with paroxysmal AF. CatK was correlated with ICTP concentration and left atrial diameter in all subjects. In rabbits, superoxide production, CatK activity, fibrosis, and the levels of atrial tissue angiotensin II, angiotensin type 1 receptor, gp91phox, phospho‐p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, and CatK were greater in those with tachypacing‐induced AF than in controls, and these changes were reversed with angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist. Olmesartan and mitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibitor decreased the CatK expression induced by angiotensin II in rat neonatal myocytes. Conclusions: These data indicated that increased plasma CatK levels are linked with the presence of AF. Angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist appears to be effective in alleviating atrial fibrosis in a rabbit AF model, partly reducing angiotensin type 1 receptor‐p38mitogen‐activated protein kinase‐dependent and ‐independent CatK activation, thus preventing AF

Evaluation of Financial and Non-financial Conflicts of Interest and Quality of Evidence underlying Psoriatic Arthritis Clinical Practice Guidelines-Analysis of Personal Payments from Pharmaceutical Companies and Authors' Self-citation Rate in Japan and the United States

OBJECTIVE: To assess financial conflict of interest (FCOI) and non-financial conflicts of interest (NFCOI) among psoriatic arthritis clinical practice guideline (PsACPG) authors in Japan and US, and to evaluate the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations of PsACPG.METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis using payment data from major Japanese pharmaceutical companies and the US Open Payments Database from 2016 to 2018. All authors of PsACPG issued by Japanese Dermatological Association (JDAPsACPG) and American College of Rheumatology (ACRPsACPG) were included.RESULTS: Of 23 CPG authors in Japan, 21 (91.3%) received at least one payment, with the combined total of $3,335,413 between 2016 and 2018. Regarding 25 US authors, 21 (84.0$4,081,629 during the same period. The 3-year combined average payment per author was $145,018 (standard division [SD]:$114,302) in Japan and $162,825 (SD:$259,670) in US. 18 (78.3%) JDAPsACPG and 12 (48.0%) ACRPsACPG authors had undisclosed FCOI worth $474,663 and$218,501, respectively. The percentage of citations with at least one CPG author relative to total citations were 3.4% in Japan and 33.6% in US. 71.4% and 88.8% of recommendations for psoriatic arthritis in JDA and ACR were supported by low or very low quality of evidence.CONCLUSION: More rigorous cross-checking of information disclosed by pharmaceutical companies and self-reported by physicians, and more stringent and transparent COI policies are necessary.</p

Effect of ipragliflozin on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes patients

Aims To examine the effects of a 24-month treatment with ipragliflozin on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods and results In this multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, and blinded-endpoint investigator-initiated clinical trial, adults with type 2 diabetes and haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) of 6.0–10.0% (42–86 mmol/mol) were randomized equally to ipragliflozin (50 mg daily) and non-sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor use of standard-care (control group) for type 2 diabetes and were followed-up to 24 months. The primary endpoint was the change in mean common carotid artery IMT (CCA-IMT) from baseline to 24 months. A total of 482 patients were equally allocated to the ipragliflozin (N = 241) and control (N = 241) groups, and 464 patients (median age 68 years, female 31.7%, median type 2 diabetes duration 8 years, median HbA1c 7.3%) were included in the analyses. For the primary endpoint, the changes in the mean CCA-IMT from baseline to 24 months were 0.0013 [95% confidence interval (CI), −0.0155–0.0182] mm and 0.0015 (95% CI, −0.0155–0.0184) mm in the ipragliflozin and control groups, respectively, with an estimated group difference (ipragliflozin-control) of −0.0001 mm (95% CI, −0.0191–0.0189; P = 0.989). A group difference in HbA1c change at 24 months was also non-significant between the treatment groups [−0.1% (95% CI, −0.2–0.1); P = 0.359]. Conclusion Twenty-four months of ipragliflozin treatment did not affect carotid IMT status in patients with type 2 diabetes recruited in the PROTECT study, relative to the non-SGLT2 inhibitor-use standard care for type 2 diabetes

Effect of sitagliptin on the echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes : a subgroup analysis of the PROLOGUE study

Background: Diabetes is associated closely with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including diastolic dysfunction and heart failure that leads to a shortening of life expectancy. It is therefore extremely valuable to evaluate the impact of antidiabetic agents on cardiac function. However, the influence of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors on cardiac function is controversial and a major matter of clinical concern. We therefore evaluated the effect of sitagliptin on echocardiographic parameters of diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes as a sub-analysis of the PROLOGUE study. Methods: Patients in the PROLOGUE study were assigned randomly to either add-on sitagliptin treatment or conventional antidiabetic treatment. Of the 463 patients in the overall study, 115 patients (55 in the sitagliptin group and 60 in the conventional group) who had complete echocardiographic data of the ratio of peak early diastolic transmitral flow velocity (E) to peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e′) at baseline and after 12 and 24 months were included in this study. The primary endpoint of this post hoc sub-analysis was a comparison of the changes in the ratio of E to e′ (E/e′) between the two groups from baseline to 24 months. Results: The baseline-adjusted change in E/e′ during 24 months was significantly lower in the sitagliptin group than in the conventional group (−0.18 ± 0.55 vs. 1.91 ± 0.53, p = 0.008), irrespective of a higher E/e′ value at baseline in the sitagliptin group. In analysis of covariance, sitagliptin treatment was significantly associated with change in E/e′ over 24 months (β = −9.959, p = 0.001), independent of other clinical variables at baseline such as blood pressure, HbA1c, and medications for diabetes. Changes in other clinical variables including blood pressure and glycemic parameters, and echocardiographic parameters, such as cardiac structure and systolic function, were comparable between the two groups. There was also no significant difference in the serum levels of N-terminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide and high-sensitive C-reactive protein between the two groups during the study period. Conclusions: Adding sitagliptin to conventional antidiabetic regimens in patients with T2DM for 24 months attenuated the annual exacerbation in the echocardiographic parameter of diastolic dysfunction (E/e′) independent of other clinical variables such as blood pressure and glycemic control

A Case of Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma Mimicking a Benign Complicated Renal Cyst on Computed Tomography;Usefulness of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

We present a case of cystic renal cell carcinoma( RCC) mimicking a benign complicated renal cyst. In thepresent case, the cystic renal mass was classified as Bosniak classification category II on computed tomography(CT), but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated additional septa and enhancement, whichled to an upgraded Bosniak classification( category III). The patient underwent radical nephrectomy. Histologicalexamination showed the cystic necrosis type of RCC

Achieving LDL cholesterol target levels <1.81 mmol/L may provide extra cardiovascular protection in patients at high risk: Exploratory analysis of the Standard Versus Intensive Statin Therapy for Patients with Hypercholesterolaemia and Diabetic Retinopathy study

Aims To assess the benefits of intensive statin therapy on reducing cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated with hyperlipidaemia and retinopathy in a primary prevention setting in Japan. In the intension-to-treat population, intensive therapy [targeting LDL cholesterol = 2.59 to = 100 to = 2.59 to <3.10 mmol/L in patients with hypercholesterolaemia and diabetic retinopathy