La satisfaction au travail chez les enseignantes et enseignants du Québec

Cet article examine si l'enseignant est satisfait de son travail, s'il veut le quitter et quels sont les motifs les plus probables qui peuvent l'amener à le vouloir.This article deals with work satisfaction among French and English-speaking teachers in Québec Province's primary and secondary schools of the public and private sectors.The study is based on a sample of 4 000 teachers, three-quarters of whom replied to the questionnaire's 424 questions. After describing the theoretical and practical approach used, the authors present results common to all teachers, as well as those particular to certain groups.The concept of work satisfaction is based on: the origins of research in this field, links between performance and satisfaction, possible links between satisfaction and problems retention, absenteism, etc. The authors make reference to Hergberg and use factorial analysis techniques.Results show that teachers are generally moderately satisfied, but that job instability could affect between 11 and 25% of them. The authors conclude that intervention is possible to improve the situation, in spite of certain reserves

RELEVANCE OF ORAL LANGUAGE SKILLSThe Relevance of Oral Language Skills to Performance on State Literacy Testing

Purpose: Investigated correspondences between performance on an array of literacy and oral language abilities with the proficiency ratings on the reading portion of the New England Common Assessment Program (NECAP). Method: Tested 106 fifth-grade students on measures of word-level reading and oral language (i.e., vocabulary, syntax, discourse) near the time when students completed the NECAP assessment. Analyses of performance were conducted with three NECAP outcome groups (Above Proficient, Proficient, Nonproficient (combination of Partially Proficient and Substantially Below groups). Results: Large effect sizes were obtained for differences in oral language and word-level reading skills among the three groups. Decoding, syntax and discourse each accounted for significant variance in state reading scores and differentiated NECAP reading proficiency groupings. Notably, students at all levels varied in their patterns of skills. The majority of Nonproficient students had low scores on word-level reading skills; yet 100% had weaknesses in syntax and/or discourse. Similarly, many students ranked as Proficient had word-level deficits; even more had oral language weaknesses. Conclusions: Treatment of students’ reading weaknesses should be differentiated according to the specific needs of individual pupils. This practice should apply to all critical components of reading comprehension, including oral language skills in syntax and discourse

Downbeat Nystagmus in a 7-Year-Old Girl with Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Meningitis and Cerebellitis

Downbeat nystagmus is a type of jerk nystagmus that may be seen in patients with lesions affecting the vestibulocerebellum. This is a case of a 7-year-old girl presenting with a history of fever, headache, and episodic vertigo with downbeat nystagmus. The diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus meningitis with acute cerebellitis was made by contrast magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and serum Epstein-Barr virus titers. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated enhancement of the meninges and inferior cerebellar folia, correlating with the neuroophthalmological symptom of downbeat nystagmus

The longitudinal association between externalizing and internalizing problems : an exploration of the Dual Failure Model

Abstract : The Dual Failure Model suggests that peer victimization (social failure) and academic difficulties (academic failure) mediate the association between externalizing and later internalizing problems. The present study sought to better understand why children with externalizing problems develop later internalizing problems by testing the Dual Failure Model using a sample of 744 children (aged 6 to 10 at Time 1 [T1]), of whom 434 (44.7% girls) presented with high levels of conduct problems at study inception. Both parent and teacher ratings of externalizing and internalizing problems support the social failure pathway, but not the academic failure pathway. Children with externalizing behaviors at T1 who developed internalizing problems 2 years later did so via their experiences of peer victimization. These results apply for both boys and girls and do not vary according to child age at T1 or the level of conduct problems at study inception. These findings underscore the importance of early screening and intervention for externalizing behavioral problems in order to reduce subsequent peer victimization and internalizing problems. Findings regarding the consequences of internalizing are also discussed

Determination of electromagnetic medium from the Fresnel surface

We study Maxwell's equations on a 4-manifold where the electromagnetic medium is described by an antisymmetric $2\choose 2$-tensor $\kappa$. In this setting, the Tamm-Rubilar tensor density determines a polynomial surface of fourth order in each cotangent space. This surface is called the Fresnel surface and acts as a generalisation of the light-cone determined by a Lorentz metric; the Fresnel surface parameterises electromagnetic wave-speed as a function of direction. Favaro and Bergamin have recently proven that if $\kappa$ has only a principal part and if the Fresnel surface of $\kappa$ coincides with the light cone for a Lorentz metric $g$, then $\kappa$ is proportional to the Hodge star operator of $g$. That is, under additional assumptions, the Fresnel surface of $\kappa$ determines the conformal class of $\kappa$. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we provide a new proof of this result using Gr\"obner bases. Second, we describe a number of cases where the Fresnel surface does not determine the conformal class of the original $2\choose 2$-tensor $\kappa$. For example, if $\kappa$ is invertible we show that $\kappa$ and $\kappa^{-1}$ have the same Fresnel surfaces.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figur

Prospectives

Tiré de: Prospectives, vol. 16, no 3, oct. 1980Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 24 janv. 2013

Wave propagation in linear electrodynamics

The Fresnel equation governing the propagation of electromagnetic waves for the most general linear constitutive law is derived. The wave normals are found to lie, in general, on a fourth order surface. When the constitutive coefficients satisfy the so-called reciprocity or closure relation, one can define a duality operator on the space of the two-forms. We prove that the closure relation is a sufficient condition for the reduction of the fourth order surface to the familiar second order light cone structure. We finally study whether this condition is also necessary.Comment: 13 pages. Phys. Rev. D, to appea