Evaluation of the qualité of tourisme services from the point of view of tourists in Algeria - The case of the tourist destination in Jijel

     تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى قياس تأثير أبعاد جودة الخدمة السياحية على ولاء السياح للوجهة السياحية بجيجل, وتحديد طبيعة علاقة الارتباط  وشدتها ما بين  متغيرات الدراسة المستقلة والمتغير التابع . ومن أجل تحقيق أهداف الدراسة واختبار فرضياتها لقد تم تصميم استبيان و اختيار عينة غير عشوائية ميسرة تتكون من (300) سائح , بحيث تم استرجاع (266) . وتمت عملية تحليل البيانات باستعمال: بعض أدوات الاحصاء الوصفي , الانحدار الخطي البسيط والمتعدد , اختبار التباين. ومن نتائج الدراسة: - أن هناك علاقة ارتباط معنوية وإيجابية وتأثير ذو دلالة إحصائية بين أبعاد جودة الخدمة السياحية على ولاء السياح الوافدين إلى جيجل  ؛   كما توصلت الدراسة بأن من أبعاد جودة الخدمة الأكثر تأثيرا  إيجابا على ولاء السياح ، تتمثل في بعد (الاعتمادية) فقد تجاوز معامل ارتباطه 70% ، ونسبة تفسيره تفوق 49%This study aims to know the impact of the dimensions of the quality of the tourist service on the repetition of the tourist experience of tourists in the tourist destination in Jijel, and to determine the nature and intensity of the correlation between the independent study variables and the dependent variable. A questionnaire was used to collect data with a soft sample of 300 tourists. Some descriptive statistics and linear regression tools were used. - That there is a sign of significant and positive correlation and a statistically significant effect between the dimensions of the quality of the tourist service on the recurrence of the tourist experience of the tourists coming to Jijel;- The dependence variable is considered to have the most positive impact on the recurrence of the tourist experience, with a correlation coefficient of 70%, and an interpretation rate of 49%

The fusion band in V1: a simple ECG guide to optimal resynchronization? An echocardiographic case report

BACKGROUND: Patients with left bundle branch block have a preserved right bundle branch conduction and the efficacy of left ventricular pacing could be explained with the fusion between artificial pulse delivered in the left lateral wall and the spontaneous right ventricular activation. Moreover, the efficacy of left ventricular pacing could be enhanced with an optimal timing between the spontaneous right ventricular activation and the left ventricular pulse. CASE PRESENTATION: We evaluated a patient (male, 47 yrs) with surgically corrected mitral regurgitation, sinus rhythm and left bundle branch block, heart failure (NYHA class III) despite medical therapy and low ejection fraction (25%): he was implanted with a biventricular device. We programmed ventricular pacing only through the left ventricular lead. We defined what we called electrocardiographic "fusion band" as follow: programming OFF the stimulator, we recorded the native electrocardiogram and measured, through the device, the intrinsic atrioventricular interval. Then, atrioventricular interval was progressively shortened by steps of 20 ms down to 100 ms. Twelve leads electrocardiogram was recorded at each step. The fusion band is the range of AV intervals at which surface electrocardiogram (mainly in V1 lead) presents an intermediate morphology between the native left bundle branch block (upper limit of the band) and the fully paced right bundle branch block (lower limit). The patient underwent echocardiographic examination at each atrioventricular interval chosen inside the fusion band. The following parameters were evaluated: ejection fraction, diastolic filling time, E wave deceleration time, aortic velocity time integral and myocardial performance index. All the echocardiographic parameters showed an improvement inside the fusion band, with a "plateau" behaviour. As the fusion band in this patient ranged from an atrioventricular delay of 200 ms to an atrioventricular delay of 120 ms, we chose an intermediate atrioventricular delay of 160 ms, presuming that this might guarantee the persistence of fusion even during any possible physiological (autonomic, effort) atrioventricular conduction variation. CONCLUSION: In this heart failure patient with left bundle branch block, tailoring of the atrioventricular interval resynchronized myocardial contraction with left ventricular pacing alone, utilizing a sensed right atrial activity and the surface electrocardiographic pattern

Chronic ventricular pacing in children: toward prevention of pacing-induced heart disease

In children with congenital or acquired complete atrioventricular (AV) block, ventricular pacing is indicated to increase heart rate. Ventricular pacing is highly beneficial in these patients, but an important side effect is that it induces abnormal electrical activation patterns. Traditionally, ventricular pacemaker leads are positioned at the right ventricle (RV). The dyssynchronous pattern of ventricular activation due to RV pacing is associated with an acute and chronic impairment of left ventricular (LV) function, structural remodeling of the LV, and increased risk of heart failure. Since the degree of pacing-induced dyssynchrony varies between the different pacing sites, ‘optimal-site pacing’ should aim at the prevention of mechanical dyssynchrony. Especially in children, generally paced from a very early age and having a perspective of life-long pacing, the preservation of cardiac function during chronic ventricular pacing should take high priority. In the perspective of the (patho)physiology of ventricular pacing and the importance of the sequence of activation, this paper provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding possible alternative sites for chronic ventricular pacing. Furthermore, clinical implications and practical concerns of the various pacing sites are discussed. The review concludes with recommendations for optimal-site pacing in children

The contribution of tourism marketing strategies in activating tourism in the Arab world

 لقد أصبحت السياحة في عصرنا الحاضر صناعة قائمة بذاتها من أكبر الصناعات في الاقتصاد العالمي , باعتبارها مصدر للموارد المالية بالعملة الصعبة في كثير من الدول السياحية , وكذلك من حيث العمالة التي تشغلها, ورأس المال المستمر فيها ,وتعدد  أنواعها , كما يتوقع لها المزيد من النمو والتوسع والازدهار, وتعمل غالبية  الدول على تعظيم الآثار الإيجابية للسياحة ، وتجنب أثارها السلبية من خلال استراتيجيات التنمية السياحية ، والتسويق السياحي المعتمدة والتي تهدف إلى زيادة واستمرار التدفق السياحي .largest industries in the world economy, Tourism in our time has become a stand-alone industry of the, Tourism is a source of financial resources in hard currency in many tourist countries, as well as in terms of the employment they occupy, and the capital is continuous, and the variety of types, and is expected to further growth and expansion and prosperity, The majority of countries are working to maximize the positive effects of tourism and avoid their negative impacts through tourism development strategies and tourism marketing, which are aimed at increasing and maintaining tourism flows

The Communicationnal Paradgim : from Norbert Wiener’s Cybernetics to the Posthuman’s Rise

Cette thèse cherche à mettre au jour les soubassements métaphysiques de la pensée cybernétique. Théorisée par Norbert Wiener dans Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (1948), cette discipline se définit comme « science de la communication et du contrôle dans l’animal et la machine ». Défaisant les anciennes dichotomies, elle pense à nouveaux frais le rapport entre vivant et non-vivant, sur fond d’analogies fonctionnelles. Elle met au cœur de son approche l’étude des processus de communication entre les objets, délaissant leur « structure spécifique et [leur] organisation intrinsèque » (Wiener). Notre hypothèse est que la cybernétique a été l’occasion d’un important changement de paradigme métaphysique avec des conséquences notables en sciences, en philosophie et dans l’imaginaire populaire. En se concentrant sur les processus communicationnels, elle a ébranlé la notion de subjectivité, ouvrant la voie au posthumain, à savoir une pensée renouvelée de la subjectivité, non plus considérée comme « intériorité », mais comme espace de négociation permanente entre différents êtres, espace distribué sur plusieurs pôles (naturel/artificiel, organique/mécanique). En explorant les échos philosophiques (Lévi-Strauss, Lacan, Heidegger, Habermas) et imaginaires (Perdrizet) de ses vues, nous voulons révéler la trajectoire qui part de la pensée visionnaire de Wiener et accoste sur les rives du posthumanisme. Le vaste panorama proposé de la « nébuleuse » cybernétique vise à comprendre comment nous sommes passés, en moins d’un siècle, des balbutiements de l’informatique à une révolution scientifique sans précédent venue bouleverser notre conception de l’identité humaine.This thesis seeks to bring to light the metaphysical foundations of cybernetics. Theorized by Norbert Wiener in Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (1948), this field is defined as "the science of communication and control in the animal and the machine". Undoing the old dichotomies, conceptualizes the relationship between living and non-living systems anew. Its approach focuses on the study of communicational processes between objects, leaving aside their « specific structure and [their] intrinsic organization » (Wiener). Our hypothesis is that cybernetics has been the occasion of a great metaphysical paradigm shift with notable consequences in science, philosophy and the popular imagination. By concentrating on communicational processes, it has destabilized the notion of subjectivity, paving the way to the posthuman, which constitutes a renewed thought of subjectivity, no longer considered as « interiority », but as a space of permanent negotiation between different beings, a space distributed over several poles (natural/artificial, organic/mechanical). By exploring the philosophical (Lévi-Strauss, Lacan, Heidegger, Habermas) and imaginary echoes (Perdrizet) of cybernetics, we want to shed light on the trajectory that starts with Wiener's visionary thinking and docks on the shores of posthumanism. This vast panorama of the cybernetic « nebula » aims to understand how, in less than a century, we have gone shifted from the beginnings of computer science to an unprecedented scientific revolution that has upset our conception of human identity

Le Sujet digital

International audienc

A novel methodology for accelerating bitstream relocation in partially reconfigurable systems

International audienceXilinx Virtex FPGAs offer the possibility of Partial Reconfiguration (PR). Arbitrary tasks can be allocated and de-allocated onto FPGA without system interruption. However, mapping a task to any available PR region requires a unique partial bitstream for each partition, hence reducing memory storage requirements. In recent years, an interest on overcoming this problem has lead to the concept of Partial Bitstream Relocation (PBR). The principle is to perform bitstream modification to map it to different regions. However, PBR consumes scarce resources in hardware implementations, and introduces a prohibitive time overhead when done in software. In order to find the best compromise between these approaches, we have developed the OORBIT tool (Offline /Online Relocation of Bitstreams) which accelerates the relocation time considerably. The methodology consists, firstly, in an offline bitstream modification phase which generates relocatable bitstreams including additional relocation data. Afterwards, online relocation is performed by a simple substitution of the initial location data by those calculated offline, corresponding to the target PRR. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of our methodology, emphasizing its interaction with the newest Xilinx Partition PR Design Flow, which results in major changes compared to previous efforts. Finally, a performance comparative analysis is detailed to highlight the significant relocation speedups that might help in making the relocation more amenable

A modeling front-end for seamless design and generation of context-aware Dynamically Reconfigurable Systems-on-Chip

International audienc

A modeling front-end for seamless design and generation of context-aware Dynamically Reconfigurable Systems-on-Chip

International audienc