11 research outputs found
Methodological guide: Community participatory inventory and prioritization of climate-smart crop-livestock agroforestry technologies / practices
This guide addresses the issue of identifying priority interventions for communities
in the face of climate change. The manual is about participatory approach
of inventorizing and prioritizing climate-smart crop-livestock-agroforestry and
social technologies / practices. The guide provides a step by step guidance on
how project/extension workers can work with communities and other development
stakeholders in the target sites to identify practices that can help local
communities to better adapt to climate variability in production.
The guide was developed within the framework of a project âBuilding resilient
agro-sylvo-pastoral systems in West Africa through participatory action researchâ
(BRAS-PAR)â which is one ofthe flagship 2 projects funded by the CGIAR
Research Program on Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).
The flagship 2 of CCAFS, which is about climate-smart technologies and practices,
addresses the challenge of how to transition to a climate-smart agriculture
(CSA) at a large scale for enabling agricultural systems to be transformed and
reoriented to support food security under the new realities of climate change.
Led by ICRAF-WCA/Sahel, the BRAS-PAR project is being implemented by a
consortium of National research institutes in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Niger and
Senegal, IUCN, and ILRI
Guide methodologique: MĂ©thode communautaire participative dâinventaire et de priorisation des technologies / pratiques dâagriculture Ă©levage-agroforesterie climato-intelligentes
Ce guide traite des questions dâidentification des interventions prioritaires pour
les communauteÌs dans le contexte du changement climatique. Il sâagit dâune approche
participative dâinventaire et de priorisation des technologies / pratiques
dâagriculture-eÌlevage-agroforesterie et sociales climato-intelligentes. Le guide
fournit aux agents de terrain un accompagnement etÌape par etÌape pour travailler
avec les acteurs cleÌdans les sites cibles, pour identifier les pratiques prometteuses
qui aideraient ces derniers aÌsâadapter aux variabiliteÌs climatiques dans
leurs activiteÌs de production.
Le guide a eÌteÌproduit dans le cadre dâun projet âBuilding resilient agro-sylvopastoral
systems in West Africa through participatory action researchâ (BRASPAR)â
qui est lâun des projets de la Composante 2 financeÌe par le programme de
recherche du CGIAR sur les Changements Climatiques, lâAgriculture etla SecÌ uriteÌ
Alimentaire (CCAFS). La composante 2 du CCAFS, quitraite des pratiques ettechnologies
climato-intelligentes, sâattaque aux deÌfis de comment passer aÌune
agriculture climato-intelligente (ACI) aÌplus grande eÌchelle pour permettre aux
systemÌ es agricoles dâetÌre transformesÌ et reoÌ rientesÌ pour soutenir la secÌ uriteÌalimentaire
dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique. PiloteÌpar lâICRAFWCA/Sahel,
le projet BRAS- PAR est mis en Ćuvre au Burkina Faso, Ghana, Niger
et SenÌ egÌ al par un consortium dâinstitutions nationales de recherche (INERA, SARI,
INRAN et ISRA), IUCN et ILRI
Multi-Actors' Co-Implementation of Climate-Smart Village Approach in West Africa: Achievements and Lessons Learnt
Climate change and variability are significant challenges for the environment and
food security worldwide. Development strategies focusing simultaneously on adaptive
farming, productivity, and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions-known as
climate-smart agriculture (CSA) strategies-are key to responding to these challenges.
For almost a decade, within the framework of Climate Change, Agriculture and Food
Security (CCAFS), World Agroforestry (ICRAF), and its partners have been using
Participatory Action Research (PAR) to fully engage key stakeholders in co-creating
such CSA development strategies. This includes the testing of Agricultural Research for
Development (AR4D) CSA scalability options. The multidisciplinary teams include the
National Research and Extension Systems (NARES), national meteorological services
(NMS), non-profit organizations (NGOs), and local radio programs, among others. The
CCAFS-West Africa Program,World Agroforestry-West and Central Africa (ICRAF-WCA),
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), University of Reading, and
Centre RĂ©gional de Formation et dâApplication en Agro-mĂ©tĂ©orologie et Hydrologie
Opérationnelle (AGRHYMET) provide technical backstopping to the national teams.
Climate information (CI) was used as an entry point to inform the development of CSA
technologies and practices within Climate-Smart Villages (CSV). This groundwork has led
to a greater understanding of three critical factors for successful CSV implementation:
(1) Building strong partnerships to co-design and develop agricultural systems that
improve ecosystemand population resilience, (2) Key stakeholders (researchers, farmers,
development agents, and students) capacity strengthening through vocational and
academic training, and (3) Using CI for livelihood planning at all scales. These three
factors support more effective identification and testing of agricultural technologies and
practices addressing climate variability and change at plot, community, and landscape levels. This paper discusses the PAR-CSA methodology and parameters for evaluation,
including biophysical and social change. Keys to success, including communication,
knowledge sharing tools, and scalability are also discussed. Finally, future opportunities
for improvement are presented, including knowledge product development, CSA policy
and investment planning, capacity building, further engagement of the private sector, and
additional research on existing practices and tools
Une Ă©valuation de Criquets comestibles au Niger: Ornithacris turbida cavroisi (Finot, 1907), Anacridium melanorhodon (Walker, 1870) et Accanthacris ruficornis citrina (Serville, 1838).
Objectif : Lâobjectif de ce travail est de faire une Ă©valuation des principales espĂšces des Acrididae consommĂ©es au Niger.MĂ©thodologie et rĂ©sultats : Un questionnaire portĂ© sur les caractĂ©ristiques de la zone, les mĂ©thodes de collecte des criquets, les espĂšces dâAcrididae et la quantitĂ© collectĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© laborĂ© afin dâobtenir les maximum dâinformation. Cette Ă©tude a Ă©tĂ© conduite dans les rĂ©gions de Maradi et Dosso. Elle vise Ă fournir des informations sur les sources dâapprovisionnement du criquet, les consommations du criquet et le type de criquet consommĂ© et le revenu obtenus par les collecteurs). Les rĂ©sultats montrent que la collecte des criquets est rĂ©alisĂ©e manuellement et câest une activitĂ© effectuĂ©e Ă 70 % par des femmes, 25% par des enfants et 5% seulement des hommes adultes dans les villages du dĂ©partement de Doutchi. Par contre dans les villages du dĂ©partement de Dakoro, les criquets sont collectĂ©s Ă plus de 50% par les hommes adultes, 35 % par des jeunes filles ĂągĂ©es de 15 Ă 30 ans et 12 % par des enfant jeunes garçons ĂągĂ©s de 15 Ă 20 ans. Les femmes assurent le plus souvent la vente Ă partir du marchĂ© local. Les grossistes partent chercher les criquets dans les marchĂ©s locaux ou dans les villages auprĂšs des femmes et reviennent les vendre aux dĂ©taillants dans les grandes villes comme Niamey, Maradi et Tahoua. Les espĂšces de criquets les plus frĂ©quemment collectĂ©es dans les deux zones sont Ornithacris turbida cavroisi Anacridium melanorhodon et Accanthacris ruficornis citrina. En moyenne 2230±800 Ă 2244±129 g de criquets sont collectĂ©s par collecteur entre 7 et 9 heures du matin respectivement dans le dĂ©partement de Dakoro et Doutchi.Conclusion et application des rĂ©sultats : Cette Ă©tude est rĂ©alisĂ©e dans le cadre de la valorisation des ressources naturelles pour lutter contre la malnutrition et lâinsĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire.Mots clĂ©s : Criquet, consommation, protĂ©ine animale, revenus, population vulnĂ©rable, Nige
Potentiel de regeneration naturelle de Neocarya macrophylla et Vitellaria paradoxa dans le sud-ouest Nigerien
Le prĂ©sent travail menĂ© dans le sud-ouest du Niger a pour objectif dâĂ©tudier le potentiel de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©ration naturelle de V. paradaxa et de N. macrophylla, deux espĂšces olĂ©agineuses des parcs agroforestiers. La population de V. paradaxa prĂ©sente une densitĂ© de 7 pieds adultes/ha et un pied juvĂ©nile/ha. Lâensemble de ces plants juvĂ©niles sont situĂ©s sous houppiers et dans des touffes des arbres. Le taux de renouvellement est de 8,45%. Les individus adultes reprĂ©sentent 91,54% de la population et se repartissent exclusivement dans les classes supĂ©rieures Ă 40 cm de diamĂštre. La population de N. macrophylla a une densitĂ© de 25 pieds adultes et 1118 plantules Ă lâhectare dont 87% sont situĂ©s sous houppiers. Le taux de renouvellement est de 97,78%. La population adulte reprĂ©sente 2,22% de la population. Sur lâĂ©chantillon de V. paradaxa suivi, 86,15% et 91,34% ont produit des fruits respectivement en 2012 et 2013. Lâensemble des individus de N. macrophylla Ă©chantillonnĂ©s ont Ă©tĂ© fructifĂšres en 2012 et 2013. Le nombre de graines collectĂ©es sous houppier est relativement important pour les 2 espĂšces. Lâanalyse de variance des donnĂ©es de test de germination des graines collectĂ©es hors et sous houppier montre une diffĂ©rence hautement significative (P< 0,01). La croissance mensuelle des plantules de ces espĂšces en hauteur et en diamĂštre durant une annĂ©e nâest pas significative. Les observations portĂ©es sur lâĂ©tat des plantules ressortent que 68,89% et 24,44% des plantules respectivement pour V. paradaxa et N. macrophylla ont prĂ©sentĂ© des traces de broutage. Le taux de survie des plantules évolue en fonction des pĂ©riodes de lâannĂ©e. Durant une annĂ©e de suivi, V. paradaxa et N. macrophylla prĂ©sentent un taux de survie respectivement de 26,67% et 53,33%.Mots clĂ©s: Niger, V. paradaxa, N. macrophylla, Potentiel de rĂ©gĂ©nĂ©rationEnglish Title: The potential of the natural regeneration of Neocarya macrophylla and Vitellaria paradoxa in the southwest of NigerEnglish Abstract The present carried out in the southwest of Niger has for objective to study the potential of natural regeneration of V. paradaxa and N. macrophylla, two oleaginous species of the parklands. The population of V. paradaxa presents a density of 7 plants adults/ha and one juvenile plant/ha. The entire juvenile plants are situated under trees. The renewal rate is 8.45%. The adult individuals represent 91.54% of the population and split up exclusively in the classes superior to 40 cm of diameter. The population of N. macrophylla has a density of 25 adults plants and 1118 juveniles plants/hectare with 87% situated under tree. The renewal rate is 97.78%. The adult population represents 2.22% of the population. 86.15% and 91.34% of V. paradaxa sampled produced some fruits in 2012 and 2013 respectively. The entire individuals of N. macrophylla sampled were fructiferous in 2012 and 2013. The number of seeds collected under tree is relatively important for the 2 species. The variance germination test data analysis of the seeds collected, out and under tree shows, a highly significant difference (P < 0.01). The monthly growth in height and in diameter of the juvenileâs plants of these species is not significant during a year. The observations carried on the state of the juvenileâs plants show that that 68.89% and 24.44% of the juvenileâs plants have presented some graze traces respectively for V. paradaxa and N. macrophylla. The survival rate of the juvenile plant dĂ©velops according to the periods of the year. During one year of observation, V. paradaxa and N. macrophylla present respectively a survival rate of 26.67% and 53.33%.Keywords: Niger, V. paradaxa, N. macrophylla, Potential of regenerationÂ
Variation in fuelwood properties, and correlations of fuelwood properties with wood density and growth in five tree and shrub species in Niger
Information about variation and correlations of fuelwood properties and growth is needed in order to recommend species and sites for fuelwood production in a changing climate in Africa. We investigated effects of site variables (land use, soil, terrain) geographical coordinates and mean annual rainfall on fuelwood properties (volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash content, moisture content, gross calorific value, gross calorific value per m3, fuel value index) of Combretum glutinosum, Combretum micranthum, Combretum nigricans, Guiera senegalensis and Piliostigma reticulatum, and correlations of fuelwood properties with wood density and growth (height, stem diameter, ring width) in Niger. We hypothesized that wood density, fixed carbon and gross calorific value were positively correlated, and fixed carbon and gross calorific value were positively correlated with growth. Most effects of site variables, geographical coordinates and mean annual rainfall on fuelwood properties differed among species. Fuel value index was greater on rocky than on sandy soils. Wood moisture content of three species was greater in drier than in more humid locations. Correlations of fuelwood properties with wood density and growth differed among species. Based on this research and previous research, we recommend parkland agroforests and sites with rocky soils and higher mean annual rainfall for fuelwood production.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Analyse participative de la vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© et de lâadaptation aux changements climatiques: un guide mĂ©thodologique
La vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© au changement climatique est un indicateur de sensibilitĂ© ou dâincapacitĂ© dâun systĂšme Ă faire face aux effets dĂ©favorables des variabilitĂ©s et risques climatiques. Les communautĂ©s rurales connaissent mieux leurs situations. Elles ont leur façon de percevoir le phĂ©nomĂšne de changement climatique; alors toute analyse de la vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© aux risques climatiques devrait sâappuyer sur leurs connaissances des conditions locales
Participatory analysis of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change: a methodological guide for working with rural communities. ICRAF Occasional Paper No. 19
This methodological guide was designed to help researchers and development workers to conduct a participatory analysis of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change (PAVACC) with rural communities, and to develop action plans that reflect the concerns of the rural communities. The approach helps rural communities to assess their vulnerability to climate change, and to identify and plan appropriate activities to reduce their vulnerability. In addition, it helps them to organize and analyze information about the vulnerability and resilience of their community, households and individuals, and to use local knowledge about coping strategies to help them adapt to climate change