Tietokoneroolipelin prototyypin kehitysvaiheet

Insinöörityössä suunniteltiin ja toteutettiin tietokoneroolipelin prototyyppi, joka sisältää pelin pelattavuuden kannalta olennaisimmat pelimekaniikat. Lisäksi tutkittiin tietokoneroolipeleihin soveltuvia erilaisia pelimoottoreita ja pelinkehitystyökaluja. Peliprototyyppi kehitettiin Unity3D-pelimoottorilla käyttäen C#-ohjelmointikieltä. Lopputyön pääpaino on tietokoneroolipelin peliprototyypin suunnittelussa ja sen pelimekaniikoiden toteutusratkaisuissa. Suunnitteluosio pitää sisällään peliprototyypin rakenteellisen suunnitelman ja käsittelee myös pelin pelaamisen kannalta olennaisia asioita. Peliprototyypin toteuttamiseen liittyvä osio on jaettu eri pelattavuuden kannalta tärkeisiin ominaisuuksiin, jotka on käsitelty tarkemmin jokaisen osion sisällä. Kokonaisuudessaan peliprototyypin suunnittelu ja toteutus oli tekijälleen hyvin kehittävä prosessi joka opetti lisää ohjelmoinnista sekä pelikehityksestä. Peliprototyypin testaaminen olisi voinut olla aktiivisempaa sen käyttöliittymän ja pelidatan tallennusominaisuuksien suhteen. Peliprototyyppiä kehitetään eteenpäin lopputyön jälkeen ja alustavasti sen toteuttamista jatketaan harrasteprojektina.Subject of the thesis was to plan and implement a prototype for a role-playing video game, which includes the most essential game mechanics for its playability. In addition, research for video game engines applicable for role-playing video game development was made. The development of the prototype was made with Unity3D game engine using C# for programming language. Thesis’ main focus is planning and implementing game mechanics for the prototype. Game prototype planning section includes design views and also deals with subjects about game playability. The section which includes the implementation of the prototype is divided in smaller sections. Each section focuses on one game element and its solutions for implementation. As a whole, the development of the video game prototype was very resourceful for its maker. It taught more about game development and programming. There could have been more active testing cycles when implementing the user interface and a handler for the game data. The game prototype will be further developed in the future, starting first as a hobby project

Preparation and Characterization of Softwood and Hardwood Nanofibril Hydrogels: Toward Wound Dressing Applications

Hydrogels of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are promising wound dressing candidates due to their biocompatibility, high water absorption, and transparency. Herein, two different commercially available wood species, softwood and hardwood, were subjected to TEMPO-mediated oxidation to proceed with delignification and oxidation in a one-pot process, and thereafter, nanofibrils were isolated using a high-pressure microfluidizer. Furthermore, transparent nanofibril hydrogel networks were prepared by vacuum filtration. Nanofibril properties and network performance correlated with oxidation were investigated and compared with commercially available TEMPO-oxidized pulp nanofibrils and their networks. Softwood nanofibril hydrogel networks exhibited the best mechanical properties, and in vitro toxicological risk assessment showed no detrimental effect for any of the studied hydrogels on human fibroblast or keratinocyte cells. This study demonstrates a straightforward processing route for direct oxidation of different wood species to obtain nanofibril hydrogels for potential use as wound dressings, with softwood having the most potential

Mobile forms of carbon in trees: metabolism and transport

Plants constitute 80% of the biomass on earth, and almost two-thirds of this biomass is found in wood. Wood formation is a carbon (C)-demanding process and relies on C transport from photosynthetic tissues. Thus, understanding the transport process is of major interest for understanding terrestrial biomass formation. Here, we review the molecules and mechanisms used to transport and allocate C in trees. Sucrose is the major form in which C is transported in plants, and it is found in the phloem sap of all tree species investigated so far. However, in several tree species, sucrose is accompanied by other molecules, notably polyols and the raffinose family of oligosaccharides. We describe the molecules that constitute each of these transport groups, and their distribution across different tree species. Furthermore, we detail the metabolic reactions for their synthesis, the mechanisms by which trees load and unload these compounds in and out of the vascular system, and how they are radially transported in the trunk and finally catabolized during wood formation. We also address a particular C recirculation process between phloem and xylem that occurs in trees during the annual cycle of growth and dormancy. A search of possible evolutionary drivers behind the diversity of C-carrying molecules in trees reveals no consistent differences in C transport mechanisms between angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. Furthermore, the distribution of C forms across species suggests that climate-related environmental factors will not explain the diversity of C transport forms. However, the consideration of C-transport mechanisms in relation to tree-rhizosphere coevolution deserves further attention. To conclude the review, we identify possible future lines of research in this field

Mobile forms of carbon in trees: metabolism and transport

Plants constitute 80% of the biomass on earth, and almost two-thirds of this biomass is found in wood. Wood formation is a carbon (C)-demanding process and relies on C transport from photosynthetic tissues. Thus, understanding the transport process is of major interest for understanding terrestrial biomass formation. Here, we review the molecules and mechanisms used to transport and allocate C in trees. Sucrose is the major form in which C is transported in plants, and it is found in the phloem sap of all tree species investigated so far. However, in several tree species, sucrose is accompanied by other molecules, notably polyols and the raffinose family of oligosaccharides. We describe the molecules that constitute each of these transport groups, and their distribution across different tree species. Furthermore, we detail the metabolic reactions for their synthesis, the mechanisms by which trees load and unload these compounds in and out of the vascular system, and how they are radially transported in the trunk and finally catabolized during wood formation. We also address a particular C recirculation process between phloem and xylem that occurs in trees during the annual cycle of growth and dormancy. A search of possible evolutionary drivers behind the diversity of C-carrying molecules in trees reveals no consistent differences in C transport mechanisms between angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. Furthermore, the distribution of C forms across species suggests that climate-related environmental factors will not explain the diversity of C transport forms. However, the consideration of C-transport mechanisms in relation to tree-rhizosphere coevolution deserves further attention. To conclude the review, we identify possible future lines of research in this field.Fil: Dominguez, Pia Guadalupe. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Niittylä, Totte. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Sueci

Guinea report of activities (April 2001) of the Information and Valorization Service (SIVA)

pp. 333-

The management of information on fisheries in Guinea: from systemic approach to the integration of information technologies [poster]

p. 35

Competitive impact of scoring design in public sector invitations to tender

Public procurement represents a field where significant public funds are expended to provide services to the general populace. Improving public procurement methods has been identified as a potential means of reducing public spending. While public procurement has long been in the interest of academics, empirical research literature about tender scoring practices remains scarce, particularly in terms of its competitive impact. This thesis examines scoring design and its relation to competition in public procurement invitations to tender (ITT). The study was conducted as a sequential mixed methods case study of HUS medical devices and supplies (CPV-33) procurement. The specific research questions posed are: 1) What kind of scoring design and -criteria are used in Finnish healthcare ITTs, and 2) How are scoring criteria associated with competition in such ITTs? These questions are addressed in two sequential research stages. The first stage of research is an exploratory content analysis of HUS ITT documents. The content analysis aims to collect, categorize, and analyze the scoring criteria in single lot sealed bid auction ITTs from 2019-2022. This thesis discovers that the scoring has been conducted using either the Lowest Price or the Economically Most Advantageous Tender (EMAT) scoring methods. In the case of EMAT, the weight of price criteria has ranged from 40% to 100%, with an average of 3.7 quality criteria per ITT. The first stage results also indicate potential instances of human bias in the design of scoring rules. The second research phase begins by testing the difference in the number of bidders between Lowest Price and EMAT scoring. It appears that EMAT scoring tends to correlate with fewer bidders. This phase then presents a regression analysis of scoring criteria data gathered in the first research phase. The outcome variable in this analysis is the number of bidders, which corresponds to the number of bids, as the final sample considers only single lot ITTs. The results of the regression analysis are somewhat limited, largely due to the restricted data sample. The empirical findings of this thesis suggest that real-world scoring practices in public procurement have potential for improvement. Theoretical perspectives on different scoring practices diverge, warranting further research to create a more comprehensive understanding of the actual implications of various scoring details on competition, as well as other procurement outcome measures