Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Can Survive In Vitro for Several Months

We previously reported that long-lasting in vitro hematopoiesis could be achieved using the cells differentiated from primate embryonic stem (ES) cells. Thus, we speculated that hematopoietic stem cells differentiated from ES cells could sustain long-lasting in vitro hematopoiesis. To test this hypothesis, we investigated whether human hematopoietic stem cells could similarly sustain long-lasting in vitro hematopoiesis in the same culture system. Although the results varied between experiments, presumably due to differences in the quality of each hematopoietic stem cell sample, long-lasting in vitro hematopoiesis was observed to last up to nine months. Furthermore, an in vivo analysis in which cultured cells were transplanted into immunodeficient mice indicated that even after several months of culture, hematopoietic stem cells were still present in the cultured cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to show that human hematopoietic stem cells can survive in vitro for several months

Relationship between sintering temperature and bending strength for Y2O3 partially stabilized zirconia

The objective of this study was to verify the stability of Y2O3 partially stabilized zirconia (zirconia) sintered at 1,350℃ and 1,450℃ in a simulated oral environment over a long period of time. After sintering, zirconia was immersed in physiological saline, 1% lactic acid solution, and 1% malic acid solution which can be produced in the oral cavity for 3 or 6 months. The bending strength and strain were measured. The following results were obtained. Before immersion, there was no difference in the bending strength of zirconia sintered at 1,350℃ and 1,450℃. For zirconia sintered at 1,350℃, there was no difference among solutions in the bending strength after exposure. However, for zirconia sintered at 1,450℃, the bending strength and strain were lower after exposure to 1% lactic acid solution for 3 months. There was no effect on the strain after exposure to any solutions for zirconia sintered at 1,350℃. For zirconia sintered at 1,350℃, fracture was not observed during exposure to any of the solutions. However, when sintered at 1,450℃, zirconia was fractured during exposure to 1% lactic acid solution and 1% malic acid solution for 6 months. It was clarified that zirconia sintered at 1,350℃ was more suitable than that sintered at 1,450℃ as an implant material

Myelodysplastic syndrome accompanied by basophilia and eosinophilia with t(5;12)(q31;p13)

The t(5;12)(q31not, vert, similar35;p12not, vert, similar13) is rare among cytogenetically categorized myeloid diseases. Here we describe a case of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with basophilia followed by leukocytosis, basophilia, and eosinophilia with t(5;12)(q31;p13).A 44-year-old man was referred to Tsukuba University Hospital in August 2005, due to severe anemia and thrombocytopenia. Peripheral blood examination showed hemoglobin 4.5 g/dL, with mean corpuscular volume 109 fL, platelets 73 × 109/L, and white blood cells 4.9 × 109/L with 23% basophils, 3% eosinophils, and 0% blasts. Bone marrow was slightly hypocellular, with trilineage dysplasia. Cytogenetic examination of the bone marrow cells revealed a normal karyotype, 46,XY. A diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome–refractory anemia with excess blasts type 2 (MDS-RAEB2) was made according to the WHO classification

IL-7 and IL-15 allow the generation of suicide gene–modified alloreactive self-renewing central memory human T lymphocytes

Abstract Long-term clinical remissions of leukemia, after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, depend on alloreactive memory T cells able to self-renew and differentiate into antileukemia effectors. This is counterbalanced by detrimental graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Induction of a selective suicide in donor T cells is a current gene therapy approach to abrogate GVHD. Unfortunately, genetic modification reduces alloreactivity of lymphocytes. This associates with an effector memory (TEM) phenotype of gene-modified lymphocytes and may limit antileukemia effect. We hypothesized that alloreactivity of gene-modified lymphocytes segregates with the central memory (TCM) phenotype. To this, we generated suicide gene–modified TCM lymphocytes with a retroviral vector after CD28 costimulation and culture with IL-2, IL-7, or a combination of IL-7 and IL-15. In vitro, suicide gene–modified TCM cells self-renewed upon alloantigen stimulation and resisted activation-induced cell death. In a humanized mouse model, only suicide gene–modified T cells cultured with IL-7 and IL-15 persisted, differentiated in TEM cells, and were as potent as unmanipulated lymphocytes in causing GVHD. GVHD was halted through the activation of the suicide gene machinery. These results warrant the use of suicide gene–modified TCM cells cultured with IL-7 and IL-15 for the safe exploitation of the alloreactive response against cancer

The 20th Anniversary Lecture and Symposium of the Center for Special Needs Education Research and Practice

・特別支援教育実践センターの役割 : 後進へのメッセージ...長澤泰子...2 ・Education and Inclusion in the United States （アメリカの教育とインクルージョン）...クリスティ・ホーン...7 ・日本におけるインクルーシブ教育とソーシャルインクルージョンの行方...落合俊郎...13 ・諸外国における特別支援教育，日本におけるインクルーシブ教育システムの構築とその現状...齊藤由美子...15 ・多様な子どもたちの学びを大切にした学校教育システムの構築に向けて...野口晃菜...19 ・インクルーシブ教育とソーシャルインクルージョン : これからの特別支援教育のあり方への提言...クリスティ・ホーン, 落合俊郎, 齊藤由美子, 野口晃菜, 川合紀宗...2

Defective IL-10 signaling in hyper-IgE syndrome results in impaired generation of tolerogenic dendritic cells and induced regulatory T cells

Dendritic cells from patients with hyper-IgE syndrome less efficiently generate induced regulatory T cells