ガスクロマトグラフィー選択的イオンモニタリングを用いたヒト血清中のケト及び非ケト胆汁酸の一斉分析

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Gap Condition and Self-Dualized N=4{\cal N}=4 Super Yang-Mills Theory for ADE Gauge Group on K3

We try to determine the partition function of ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theoy for ADE gauge group on K3 by self-dualizing our previous ADE partition function. The resulting partition function satisfies gap condition.Comment: 17 page

Assembly Sequence Planning by Probabilistic Tree Transformation

Various types of computer systems including CAD/CAM systems have been introduced in machine industry. Some of the systems can handle assembly sequence planning, however it requires long time for planning. This paper proposes a method of generating assembly sequences efficiently. This method extracts some parts and/or subassemblies whose possibilities of being removed from a product are strong, and tests whether they can be removed without any geometric interference. By performing these operations repeatedly, the method generates a disassembly sequence of the product, and obtains an assembly sequence by reversing it. The extraction of some parts and/or subassemblies is performed, based on probabilistic tree transformation. The authors present a calculation example by using a software tool integrated with a CAD system

The role of the design practice as an arena for innovation

Typical monographs on design practice showcase the architect's generative concept sketch along with drawings and images of a final asset, but very little attention is paid to the environment within which creativity and innovation takes place. As such, the role of the practice environment and culture in shaping design innovation is often downplayed in comparison to the designer's agency which is usually given primacy over other influences. This paper presents a research framework and early findings of research which explored the culture of three design practices to gain fuller insights into their role in shaping design innovation. The particular focus is on the design of adaptable buildings, the development of which demands innovative design practices which challenge much of the traditional design orthodoxy associated with modern buildings. It examines to what extent certain tools, mindsets, and interactions play a role in shaping design outcomes, and explores how decisions are made, by whom, and at what point in the process. This comparative approach helps to reveal the different levels of organizational culture which enable creative solutions to burgeon. On the basis of these findings, a set of provocations are proffered for encouraging designers to think about the way in which they innovate and frame their design interaction and decision making

Lessons from Japan: a look at Century Housing System

Japanese traditional wooden houses are a good example of system architecture. Originating from Chinese temple construction, the housing is based on the distance between column centres known as a ken. Both the widths and depths of all spaces were multiples of this standard unit and formed the frame of reference for the remaining components – timber structure, tatami mats, doors, and even furniture. Modern housing moved away from this type of construction in an effort towards mass production. In the mid-70s, when the number of houses surpassed the number of households, a shift occurred from focusing on quantity to quality, and the emphasize returned to a more systemic approach in the context of the industrialized era inspired by a systems approach to schools in the UK (CLASP) and the US (SCSD). [Continues.

Identification and Modification ofPorphyromonas gingivalisCysteine Protease, Gingipain, Ideal for Screening Periodontitis

Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by the formation of oral microbial biofilms. Periodontitis is associated with general health and not only oral diseases.Porphyromonas gingivalisis a well-known keystone pathogen for periodontitis and is associated with several systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. We previously developed a system for screening periodontitis usingP. gingivalis-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a sensitivity of 0.774 and a specificity of 0.586 and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.708. However, the antigens elicited non-specific responses, since they were obtained from whole extracts of sonicated cultured bacteria. The purpose of this study was to identify antigens ideal for a sensitive and specific serum test. We identified the specific antigens using immunoaffinity columns immobilized with IgG antibodies from periodontitis patients. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry identified 29 antigens from the elutes. Recombinant proteins for these candidates were synthesized using the wheat germ cell-free translation system and screened by dot blot analysis with serum from the columns. Three of the 16 candidates that reacted showed strongest affinities upon dot blot analysis; they included outer membrane protein 28, cysteine proteases, lysine gingipain Kgp, and arginine gingipain RgpA. Outer membrane protein 28 was not suitable for screeningP. gingivalisinfection because of its high false-negative rates. Kgp and RgpA were unstable antigens since they underwent self-digestion. They were made stable by substituting the active cysteine residues in Kgp and RgpA with alanine using site-directed mutagenesis. Using the modified antigens, we demonstrated that the patient serum IgG level against RgpA was the highest among all the antigens expressed inP. gingivalis. Moreover, the N-terminus of recombinant RgpA was excellent in differentiating between diseased and non-diseased states (with sensitivity of 0.85, specificity of 0.9, and area under the curve of 0.915). Although dot blot analysis was the only experiment used, the N-terminus of RgpA is an excellent antigen to immunologically test forP. gingivalisinfection, especially for estimating the risks for periodontitis-associated systemic diseases. In conclusion, we have developed aP. gingivalisantigen for screening periodontitis

The cultivation of adaptability in Japan

This paper explores the adaptability of buildings in Japan from the perspective of three distinct practice typologies: large general contractors, large architectural design firms, and small design ateliers. The paper illustrates the cultivation of adaptability in Japan revealing a maturing of concepts into current innovations, trends, priorities, and obstacles in relation to adaptability in design. The paper contextualizes the situation by reviewing the evolution of residential development in support of building adaptability, and the ways in which these policies and concepts have shaped practice and transcended residential design. This evolution is then explored through non-residential case studies undertaken by the three practice types, and supported through a review of critical themes emerging from the interviews. The importance of particular physical characteristics are examined including storey height, location of services, planning modules and structural spacing/spans. The interviews expose the critical relationship between adaptability and different social variables - the state of the market, the role of planning regulations and other legal frameworks; as well as, the misconceptions and variations in the perceptions on the role and meaning adaptability has in practice. The paper is concluded by revealing the lessons learnt, including the unfolding of dependencies outside the ‘black box’ of adaptability (e.g. practice culture, material and, stakeholder mindsets) and the requirement of effective communication of concepts to allow an informed conversation between professionals and with clients and users. Like many other philosophical design concepts in complex processes, adaptability benefits from a mutual understanding, good relationships, communication, integration, and shared goals amongst team members

An Approach to N=4{\cal N}=4 ADE Gauge Theory on K3

We propose a recipe for determination of the partition function of ${\cal N}=4$ $ADE$ gauge theory on $K3$ by generalizing our previous results of the SU(N) case. The resulting partition function satisfies Montonen-Olive duality for $ADE$ gauge group.Comment: 28 pages, Latex, enlarged published versio

Initial Evaluation of [18F]FAPI-74 PET for Various Histopathologically Confirmed Cancers and Benign Lesions

The 18F-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) [18F]FAPI- 74 has the benefit of a higher synthetic yield and better image resolution than 68Ga-labeled FAPI. We preliminarily evaluated the diagnostic performance of [18F]FAPI-74 PET in patients with various histopathologically confirmed cancers or suspected malignancies. Methods: We enrolled 31 patients (17 men and 14 women) with lung cancer (n = 7), breast cancer (n = 5), gastric cancer (n = 5), pancreatic cancer (n = 3), other cancers (n = 5), and benign tumors (n = 6). Twenty-seven of the 31 patients were treatment-naïve or preoperative, whereas recurrence was suspected in the remaining 4 patients. Histopathologic confirmation was obtained for the primary lesions of 29 of the 31 patients. In the remaining 2 patients, the final diagnosis was based on the clinical course. [18F]FAPI-74 PET scanning was performed 60min after the intravenous injection of [18F]FAPI-74 (240631 MBq). The [18F]FAPI-74 PET images were compared between the primary or local recurrent lesions of malignant tumors (n = 21) and nonmalignant lesions (n 5 8: type-B1 thymomas, granuloma, solitary fibrous tumor, and postoperative or posttherapeutic changes). The uptake and number of detected lesions on [18F]FAPI-74 PET were also compared with those on [18F]FDG PET for available patients (n = 19). Results: [18F]FAPI-74 PET showed higher uptake in primary lesions of various cancers than in nonmalignant lesions (median SUVmax, 9.39 [range, 1.83-25.28] vs. 3.49 [range, 2.21-15.58]; P = 0.053), but some of the nonmalignant lesions showed high uptake. [18F]FAPI-74 PET also showed significantly higher uptake than [18F]FDG PET (median SUVmax, 9.44 [range, 2.50-25.28] vs. 5.45 [range, 1.22-15.06] in primary lesions [P 5 0.010], 8.86 [range, 3.51-23.33] vs. 3.84 [range, 1.01-9.75] in lymph node metastases [P 5 0.002], and 6.39 [range, 0.55-12.78] vs. 1.88 [range, 0.73-8.35] in other metastases [P 5 0.046], respectively). In 6 patients, [18F]FAPI-74 PET detected more metastatic lesions than [18F]FDG PET. Conclusion: [18F]FAPI-74 PET showed higher uptake and detection rates in primary and metastatic lesions than did [18F]FDG PET. [18F]FAPI-74 PET is a promising novel diagnostic modality for various tumors, especially for precise staging before treatment, including characterization of tumor lesions before surgery. Moreover, 18F-labeled FAPI ligand might serve a higher demand in clinical care in the future.This research was originally published in JNM. Tadashi Watabe, Sadahiro Naka, Mitsuaki Tatsumi et.al. Initial Evaluation of [18F]FAPI-74 PET for Various Histopathologically Confirmed Cancers and Benign Lesions. J Nucl Med. 2023, 64(8), 1225-1231. © SNMMI