Educação em saúde e esquistossomose: breve retrospectiva e uma proposta

Submitted by Leandro Borges ([email protected]) on 2016-10-06T03:25:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VIRGINIA_SCHALL_IOC_1989.pdf: 316373 bytes, checksum: 21523c969a2e7dd72a2135655d85989e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Leandro Borges ([email protected]) on 2016-10-08T01:39:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VIRGINIA_SCHALL_IOC_1989.pdf: 316373 bytes, checksum: 21523c969a2e7dd72a2135655d85989e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-08T01:39:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VIRGINIA_SCHALL_IOC_1989.pdf: 316373 bytes, checksum: 21523c969a2e7dd72a2135655d85989e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasi

Health education for children in the control of Schistosomasis

Health education for children is an important measure in the control of schistosomiasis especially considering the characteristics of the disease during childhood, such as high prevalence, high percent of treatment resistance, high rates of egg elimination and high level of reinfection, as reported in studies conducted in endemic areas. All of these facts indicate that children play a role in the maintenance and transmission of schistosomiasis. Historically in Brazil, Health Education concerning the major Brazilian endemies consists of a kind of vertical, interventionist and temporary action. An alternative would be to create a permanent health education process by assigning health education teachers to elementary schools. This would require expansion and improvement of teacher training and the development of programs taking into account: 1) the cognitive aspects of the child, the child's perception of reality and of the health/illness process; 2) the adaptation of instruction means and materials to the age group; 3) a "pedagogy of liberation" approach emphasizing the possibility of transforming life conditions since schistosomiasis is related to the lack of public services such as basic sanitation and clean domestic water supply

Percepções e ações de mulheres em relação à prevenção e promoção da saúde na atenção básica

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the perceptions and participation of female basic health unit users with regard to prevention and health promotion. METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURES: Qualitative study with 20 users of a family health unit in the municipality of Belo Horizonte, Southeastern Brazil, in 2007. The interview script included questions about the health-disease process and prevention and health promotion. The content analysis technique was used to analyze the reports. RESULTS ANALYSIS: The perception of disease prevention was influenced by Leavell & Clark's theory, which is expressed as actions that avoid the appearance, progression or worsening of disease. Health promotion was regarded as a level of prevention and associated with the individual responsibility and the positive concept of health. Prevention and health promotion practices were influenced by the positive health concept, the possibility of causing pleasure/displeasure, the way in which they might interfere in daily life, by the concept of will-power and the value attributed to life. CONCLUSIONS: The discourse about disease prevention and health promotion is marked by traditional concepts. However, the inclusion of the positive health concept, allied to pleasure and will-power, are the main behavior determinants. Strategies based on a more comprehensive approach to the health-disease process are needed, thus reflecting the modern principles of health promotion.OBJETIVO: Analizar percepciones y participación de usuarias de unidad básica de salud con relación a la prevención y promoción de salud. PROCEDIMIENTOS METODOLÓGICOS: Estudio cualitativo en el cual fueron entrevistadas 20 usuarias de una unidad de salud de la familia de Belo Horizonte, Sureste de Brasil, en 2007. La guía de la entrevista englobó preguntas sobre el proceso salud-enfermedad y prevención y promoción de salud. Fue utilizada la técnica de análisis de contenido en el análisis de los relatos. ANÁLISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS: La percepción sobre prevención presentó influencia de la teoría de Leavell & Clark, expresada por acciones que evitan el aparecimiento, progresión o agravamiento de alguna enfermedad. La promoción de salud fue concebida como un nivel de prevención y asociada a la responsabilidad individual y al concepto positivo de salud. Las prácticas de prevención y promoción de salud estuvieron orientadas por el concepto positivo de salud, por la posibilidad de generar placer/desplacer, por las interferencias que podrían ocasionar el cotidiano, por la concepción de fuerza de voluntad y de valor conferido a la vida. CONCLUSIONES: El discurso sobre prevención y promoción de salud es marcado por concepciones tradicionales. Aún así, hubo la incorporación de concepto positivo de salud que, aliado al factor de placer y fuerza de voluntad, actúan como principales influenciadotes del comportamiento. Son necesarias estrategias con abordajes más amplios sobre el proceso salud-enfermedad, traduciendo los principios modernos de la promoción de salud.OBJETIVO: Analisar percepções e participação de usuárias de unidade básica de saúde em relação à prevenção e promoção de saúde. PROCEDIMENTOS METODOLÓGICOS: Estudo qualitativo no qual foram entrevistadas 20 usuárias de uma unidade de saúde da família de Belo Horizonte, MG, em 2007. O roteiro da entrevista englobou questões sobre o processo saúde-doença e prevenção e promoção de saúde. Foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo na análise dos relatos. ANÁLISE DOS RESULTADOS: A percepção sobre prevenção apresentou influência da teoria de Leavell & Clark, expressa por ações que evitam o aparecimento, progressão ou agravamento de alguma doença. A promoção de saúde foi concebida como um nível de prevenção e associada à responsabilização individual e ao conceito positivo de saúde. As práticas de prevenção e promoção de saúde estiveram orientadas pelo conceito positivo de saúde, pela possibilidade de gerarem prazer/desprazer, pelas interferências que poderiam ocasionar no cotidiano, pela concepção de força de vontade e de valor conferido à vida. CONCLUSÕES: O discurso sobre prevenção e promoção de saúde é marcado por concepções tradicionais. Contudo, houve a incorporação do conceito positivo de saúde que, aliado ao fator prazer e força de vontade, atuam como principais influenciadores do comportamento. São necessárias estratégias com abordagens mais amplas sobre o processo saúde-doença, traduzindo os princípios modernos da promoção de saúde

Formação e Atuação de Psicólogos da Rede de Atenção Oncológica de Belo Horizonte/MG: Desafios e Perspectivas

A incidência do câncer e as novas formas de assistência e tratamento da doença convocam o psicólogo, enquanto profissional da saúde, a desenvolver estratégias que deem suporte à escuta do processo saúde-doença, na sua singularidade em diferentes contextos. Assim, foi objetivo deste estudo conhecer a formação e a atuação dos psicólogos da rede de atenção oncológica de Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais. Foram entrevistados 13 profissionais de instituições públicas e privadas. Os resultados apresentam a necessidade de uma formação que contemple a realidade dos serviços de saúde conforme proposto pelas políticas públicas numa perspectiva coletiva e social. Os discursos dos sujeitos apontam para os limites e possibilidades na construção de novos saberes e fazeres nas intervenções no contexto hospitalar.The incidence of cancer and new forms of care and treatment of this disease invite the psychologist as a health professional to develop strategies that support the listening of the health-disease process in its uniqueness in different contexts. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the  formation and the performance of the psychologists' oncology network in Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais. Weinterviewed 13 professionals from public and private institutions. The results pointed to the need for aformation that addresses the reality of health services as proposed by public policies, in a social andcollective perspective. The speech of the participants point to the limits and possibilities for theconstruction of new knowledge and practices in interventions at the hospital context

Prevenção domiciliar da dengue: avaliação preliminar de tela protetora para pratos de vasos de planta

Avaliou-se em laboratório a eficácia de um protótipo de capa de tela de poliéster (evidengue®) destinada a vedar o acesso de fêmeas do mosquito Aedes aegypti a pratos de vasos de planta. Dois pratos de vasos com água foram envolvidos individualmente com a capa e colocados com os seus respectivos vasos em duas gaiolas entomológicas, um em cada gaiola. Numa terceira gaiola foi colocado um conjunto idêntico de prato e vasos sem a capa. Cada gaiola recebeu 20 fêmeas copuladas do mosquito, alimentadas com sangue de camundongo. Os resultados mostram que a capa foi eficaz como barreira ao acesso de fêmeas. Novos testes são necessários para se avaliar a eficácia da capa como dispositivo de prevenção da ovipostura nos pratos.The effectiveness of a polyester mesh cover (evidengue®), aimed at preventing the access of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to flowerpot saucers, was evaluated in laboratory. Two saucers of flowerpot with water were individually wrapped with the cover was placed with their respective pots in two entomological cages. One identical set of flowerpot and saucer was placed in a third cage. In each cage, 20 gravid females, fed on mouse blood, were released. Results show that the cover was effective to prevent access of females. Further tests are necessary to assess cover effectiveness as a device to prevent saucer oviposition.Se evaluó en laboratorio la eficiencia de una cubierta de tela de polyester (evidengue®) con el objetivo de vedar el acceso de hembras del mosquito Aedes aegypti a platos de macetas de planta. Fueron utilizadas tres jaulas entomológicas, dos de ellas con evidengue® y una para control. En cada jaula fueron colocados dos conjuntos de macetas de planta y platos y 20 hembras copuladas, alimentadas con sangre de ratón. Los resultados muestran que la cubierta fue eficaz como barrera al acceso de hembras. Nuevas pruebas son necesarias para evaluar la eficiencia de la cubierta como dispositivo de prevención de la oviposición en los platos

Science Education and Popularization of Science in the Biomedical Area: its Role for the Future of Science and of Society

This paper presents the main subjects discussed in the round-table: "Educational Base for Biomedical Research", during the International Symposium on Biomedical Research in the 21st century; two main aspects will be focused: (1) the importance of popularizing science in order to stimulate comprehension of the scientific process and progress, their critical thinking, citizenship and social commitment, mainly in the biomedical area, considering the new advances of knowledge and the resulting technology; (2) the importance to stimulate genuine scientific vocation among young people, by giving them opportunity to early experience scientific environment, throught the hands of well prepared master in a humanistic atmosphere

Affectivity in environmental and health education for school children

Submitted by Leandro Borges ([email protected]) on 2020-01-12T22:52:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Schall_CRR_2001.pdf: 603530 bytes, checksum: c39873c7778c999e8647b845bcbe91de (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Leandro Borges ([email protected]) on 2020-01-12T23:17:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Schall_CRR_2001.pdf: 603530 bytes, checksum: c39873c7778c999e8647b845bcbe91de (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-12T23:17:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Schall_CRR_2001.pdf: 603530 bytes, checksum: c39873c7778c999e8647b845bcbe91de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Diversas análises sociohitóricas da educação têm demonstrado a desconsideração da afetividade na infância, sobretudo no âmbito das escolas. A partir dessas evidências e considerando a predominância dos aspectos cognitivos na prática escolar, sugerem-se estratégias de trabalho que favoreçam uma articulação entre a fantasia e a imaginação com a situação cotidiana dos alunos, propiciando a integração dos aspectos afetivos, revalorizados por um professor melhor preparado e atento para o relacionamento em sala de aula. Enfatiza-se o uso da literatura infantil e de jogos, enquanto mobilizadores de afetos e reflexões que podem favorecer o desenvolvimento da auto-estima e responsabilidade para com o próprio corpo, com a saúde, para com os demais e o ambiente, metas fundamentais da educação em uma escola comprometida com a formação da identidade e da cidadania de seus alunos.Several socio-historical analyses in education have shown the non-consideration of affectivity during childhood, above all ar schools. From such evidences and considering the predominance of the cognitive aspects on school practice, work strategies should be suggestes to enable the articulation between fantasy and imagination with the quotidian situation of the student. Thus, providing the integration of the affection aspects, revalued by a better qualified and attentive professor, for the relationship in the classrooms. The resource of the children's books and games, seen as mobilization factors os affection and reflections, enable the development of self-esteem and responsibility for his own body, health, the other indivivuals and the enviroment. Those are fundamental goals of school education which are committed to the constiution of identity and citizenship of its pupils

Debate on the paper by Briceño-León

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-10T10:37:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996Submitted by Gilvan Almeida ([email protected]) on 2016-08-09T17:27:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Leandro Borges ([email protected]) on 2016-09-28T13:21:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 VIRGÍNIA_SCHALL_IOC_1996.pdf: 154704 bytes, checksum: bc76cdd1ebf15e05cec800beaa26fa04 (MD5) license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-28T13:21:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 VIRGÍNIA_SCHALL_IOC_1996.pdf: 154704 bytes, checksum: bc76cdd1ebf15e05cec800beaa26fa04 (MD5) license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.El artículo procura establecer algunos postulados que puedan orientar la educación sanitaria con el proposito de fomentar la participación comunitaria. Se parte de las teorías de la acción humana para poder establecer las dos corrientes que pretenden explicar la acción o noacción de las personas. Se plantean dos principios de trabajo: es necesario conocer y contar con el ser humano, los cuales se expresan en dos premisas: “Sólo conociendo al individuo y sus circunstancias es posible una acción eficiente y permanente en salud”; y “Nadie puede cuidar la salud de otro, si éste no quiere hacerlo por si mismo”. Luego se postulan las siete tesis: I – No hay uno que sabe y otro que no sabe, sino dos que saben cosas distintas. II – La educación no es sólo lo que se imparte en programas educativos, sino en toda la acción sanitaria. III – La ignorancia no es un hueco a ser llenado, sino un lleno a ser transformado. IV – La educación debe ser dialó- gica y participativa V – La educación debe reforzar la confianza de la gente en sí misma. VI – La educación debe procurar reforzar el modelo de conocimiento: esfuerzo-logro.VII – La educación debe fomentar la responsabilidad individual y la cooperación colectiva.This article attempts to establish some postulates to orient health education aimed at promoting community participation. Theories on human action serve as the point of departure for establishing two currents of thought explaining action or non-action by people. Two working principles are proposed, i.e., that it is necessary to both know and rely on human beings. These two principles are expressed in two premises: “Only by knowing individuals and their living circumstances is it possible to take efficient and on-going action in health,” and “No one can care for someone else’s health if that person does not wish to do so himself/herself.” The author goes on to raise seven theses: 1. There is no such thing as one person knowing and another not knowing; rather, there are two people who know distinct things. 2. Education is imparted not only through educational programs, but in all health-related action. 3. Ignorance is not a void to be filled, but a plenitude to be changed. 4. Education should be dialogical and participatory. 5. Education should reinforce people’s self-confidence. 6. Education should seek to reinforce the effort-achievement model of knowledge. 7. Education should promote individual responsibility and collective cooperation