Hadronic processes within collective stellar winds

Recently, we have proposed that the interaction between relativistic protons resulting from Fermi first order acceleration in the superbubble of a stellar OB association or in other nearby accelerator and ions residing in single stellar winds of massive stars could lead to TeV sources without strong counterparts at lower energies. Here we refine this analysis in several directions. We study collective wind configurations produced by a number of massive stars, and obtain densities and expansion velocities of the stellar wind gas that is to be target of hadronic interactions. We study the expected $\gamma$-ray emission from these regions, considering in an approximate way the effect of cosmic ray modulation. We compute secondary particle production (electrons from knock-on interactions and electrons and positrons from charged pion decay), and solve the loss equation with ionization, synchrotron, bremsstrahlung, inverse Compton, and expansion losses. We provide examples where configurations can produce sources for GLAST satellite, and the MAGIC/HESS/VERITAS telescopes in non-uniform ways, i.e., with or without the corresponding counterparts. We show that in all cases we studied no EGRET source is expected. Finally, we comment on HESS J1303-631 and on Cygnus OB 2 and Westerlund 1 as two associations where this scenario could be tested.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&

High energy gamma-ray emission from the starburst nucleus of NGC 253

The high density medium that characterizes the central regions of starburst galaxies and its power to accelerate particles up to relativistic energies make these objects good candidates as $\gamma$-rays sources. In this paper, a self-consistent model of the multifrequency emission of the starburst galaxy NGC 253, from radio to gamma-rays, is presented. The model is in agreement with all current measurements and provides predictions for the high energy behavior of the NGC 253 central region. Prospects for observations with the HESS array and GLAST satellite are especially discussed.Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures. To appear in A&A. Modelling parameters and results are unchanged from the previous version but we enhance here the detail with which they are described. 3 new figures and 1 new section have been added, including a figure showing the consistency of the model with the recently reported HESS observations (astro-ph/0507370) of NGC 25

High-energy gamma-rays from stellar associations

It is proposed that TeV gamma-rays and neutrinos can be produced by cosmic rays (CRs) through hadronic interactions in the innermost parts of the winds of massive O and B stars. Convection prevents low-energy particles from penetrating into the wind, leading to an absence of MeV-GeV counterparts. It is argued that groups of stars located close to the CR acceleration sites in OB stellar associations may be detectable by ground-based Cherenkov telescopes.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letter

Proposal of protocolization of oceanographic cruise plan designing

In this project, a template has been created to develop cruise plans in order to organize the logistics of sampling on board oceanographic vessels, regardless of the type of study on which the project is based, being it geology, ichthyology, acoustics, meteorology, cartography, etc. the template has been made in word form format, so it is ready to be filled in but it also gives the option to be modified, either to add, remove or develop the sections that are deemed convenient. to finally get the result of this template, the main actors in the logistics of the campaigns have been identified, who are mainly the ship`s crew, the researchers who are going to participate in the cruise and the ship`s manager who works in logistics from land, and surveys have been conducted to understand what the needs of each party are. it should be said that a large part of this study has been based on my own experience on board the oceanographic ship `ángeles alvariño`, 47 meters long and belonging to the spanish institute of oceanography

A Father\u27s Dream: Mi Hija Va Ser Maestra an Autoethnographic Study of the Cultural, Familial and Community Experiences that Informed an Instructional Leader

This study is an autoethnography which will identify major ethnographic influences that I, as a female Mexican American educational leader, feel have been significant in the course of my career in education. The study will focus on culture, family and community as factors which developed and engendered characteristics, behaviors and experiences that contributed to my development as an educator. These will be relayed through narratives, memoirs, organic artifacts and documents, lived experiences, pláticas, and other forms of text presented here as story, an acceptable autoethnographic method of data collection. I place myself in the center of these narratives in autoethnographic form, giving agency to critical self-reflection as a discipline in leadership effectiveness. Personal experiences growing up in a small Central Texas town and the formative years which I spent under the guidance and influence of my parents provided the foundation for this autoethnography

Stretchability study of conductive inks printed by Laser-induced forward transfer

Treballs Finals de Grau de Física, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2022, Tutor: Juan Marcos Fernández PradasLaser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a direct writing technique. As a nozzle-free method, it presents fewer constraints compared with other popular methods like inkjet printing. In this project, we analyze both morphological and electrical properties of the deposited material for three different inks, achieving a sheet resistance of 16 mΩ/□. Electrical properties under flexion are studied by applying deformation in a cantilever. Maximum relative deformations of 0.55% are possible before inducing irreversible damage in the electrical properties of the printed resistance

Author's response to 'CAP and HCAP are different? An unresolved question

Dear Editor, We thank the authors for the interest in our recent publication and for their useful comments. Unfortunately we consider the comparison with the publication from Giannella et al1 poorly appropriate in many aspects. The main strength of our work is the multicentre prospective case–control study design (match by age, gender and period of hospitalisation). Although severity scores were not used for matching, we considered this design the most appropriate to describe healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) features. In fact, the Giannella group performed an observational prospective study only on patients admitted to internal medicine departments: these elements (study design and patients) could justify a different population composition and, consequently, different microbiological and clinical findings. In fact, in comparison..

Independence at Risk: Older Californians With Disabilities Struggle to Remain at Home as Public Supports Shrink

Presents findings about aging Californians with disabilities who depend on paid public programs and unpaid help to live at home. Makes policy recommendations, including consolidating long-term care programs and enhancing support for caregivers