A Study of Students’ and Teachers’ Beliefs about Learning English as a Second Language in Hindi Medium Schools in India

The present study is an exploration of beliefs about learning English held by English as a second Language (ESL) students and teachers from Jharkhand, India. The basic premise of the study is that the learners’ and the instructors’ beliefs about learning a language affect the learning approach, learning strategy use, personal motivation, the choice of instructional material and the instructional method. Thus, beliefs indirectly affect language learning. The assumption of this study is also that the participants in this study hold debilitative beliefs about English language learning. A mixed method research approach was used in this study. The quantitative data was collected through a survey questionnaire and the qualitative data were collected through the semi-structured interviews. A hundred and three ESL students and ten ESL teachers from Jharkhand participated in this study. The findings of this study showed that the ESL/EFL students and teachers of Jharkhand, India held beliefs, most of which are consonant with what core beliefs theory suggests contributes to effective second language acquisition. Beliefs about the role of natural talent, motivation, learning and communication strategies are consonant with what core beliefs presume to contribute effectively to second language learning. There are beliefs, however, relating to the role of grammar rule, vocabulary learning, excellent pronunciation, structural correctness, counterproductive to second language acquisition

Spatial distribution of housing and household amenities:a district level analysis, Odisha

Housing and availability of household amenities is considered to be the most valuable economic asset and is an important indicator of lifestyle and socio-economic status. Though we are in the path of 60yrs of independence, majority of people have been deprived of standard housing, without access to basic minimum facilities of drinking water, sanitation and public hygiene etc which requires utmost attention. The access to basic amenities like electricity, drinking water, toilet facility, clean fuels etc are the determinants of quality of life. Access to basic amenities varies in accordance with the size, categories of cities and towns except for toilet and sanitation. The access to basic amenities like electricity, drinking water, toilet facility and clean fuel are critical determinants of quality of life in most of the developing countries like India. As per 2011 census, 13% of households have no access to electricity, 16% have no access to safe drinking water and 17% have no access to toilet facility. This paper attempts to study the availability of housing and household amenities in the 30 districts comprising both of urban and rural areas. Subsequently, this study categorizes all 30 districts as low, medium and high using a composite score

A study of Community Based Nutritional Intervention and prevention of malnutrition

Background: PEM is one of the major health and nutritional problem in India. It is not only an important cause of childhood mortality and morbidity but also leads to permanent impairment of both physical and mental growth of those who survive. Malnutrition is implicated in >50% of deaths of <5 children (5 million/yr). Improving nutrition for children is crucial in meeting two of the Millennium Development Goals. According to national family health survey-3 there is considerable variation across states with Madhya Pradesh recording the highest rate for underweight children (60.3%) and Kerala among the lowest (28.8%). The great majority of cases of PEM nearly 80% are intermediate that is mild and moderate cases which frequently go unrecognized. These are the fact that made us to pick this issue in order to benefit the children of locality to some extent. Objectives: To identify under 5 year children with malnutrition, To demonstrate the method of preparing high protein mix diet and to educate mothers about adequate recommended diet as per age of children, To find out whether high protein mix improves nutritional status of identified malnourished children. Methodology: It was cross sectional and interventional study carried out in two villages of Jabalpur districts during the period of three months among 100 under five children. We had screened them and calculated weight for age (%) and categorized them according to Gomez Classification that is normal, mild, moderate and severe malnutrition. Intervention was done on malnourished children then 4 follow ups at the interval of 15 days. Intervention strategies: Nutrition education and provision of High Protein Mix Diet. Result: 12% children were identified as malnourished where 7% were having mild grade malnutrition and 5% with moderate grade of malnutrition. Among male there were 14.04% children were malnourished while among female 9.3% were malnourished. After intervention 50% children were showing change in the grade where one shifted to normal grade and 4 to mild grade. Weight of malnourished children steadily increasing during follow-up. Conclusion: Regular and proper age wise dietary intake and High protein mix diet can significantly contribute to correct malnutrition at community level

The Tragedy of American Supremacy

Why has the United States, given its status as the sole remaining superpower following its Cold War victory, been unable to translate its preponderance of power into the outcomes it desires? The system established by the United States over the course of the Cold War does not effectively translate its power into influence in the post-Cold War world. In fact, the way US-Soviet competition shaped global affairs created systemic problems, weak and failing states, terrorism, autocracy and human rights abuse, that cannot be solved by the mechanisms of influence the US relied upon to win the Cold War. However, precisely these issues now dominate the American foreign policy agenda as its strategic objective shifted from defeating communism to maintaining the stability of the liberal world order that resulted from communism’s defeat. The United States, reliant on Cold War era mechanisms of influence, lacks the tools to accomplish these new objectives because these mechanisms were designed to exploit or accept the problems of statehood that now plague the liberal world order. Therefore, for the United States to make effective use of its abundance of power, it must either change its tools or its objectives

Implementation of Bio Inspired Algorithm in Identification of Best Route via Ant Colony Optimization, Energy Level & Throughput with Encryption

WSN has terribly minimum life time for information Transmission. Packets drop is sometimes expected. Emmet Colony optimisation is most popular idle supported secretion worth within the network or SRTLD is employed once secretion Substance isn\'t gift supported Power, Location, and Routing & Security. we tend to additionally contemplate Node\'s turnout, price excluding energy state. We tend to write the Packets throughout Transmission for Secured Communication. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150317

Problematyka zrównoważonego rozwoju społeczno-kulturowego w materiałach dydaktycznych: Nauczanie języka angielskiego w Indiach

Teaching materials are the primary source of input in the language classroom. The potential of English language teaching (ELT) materials to preserves and transmit our culture, value, identity, and language make it significant for socio-cultural sustainability. The materials developed by the National Council of Education and Research Training (NCERT) are far and wide running study materials in primary and secondary schools in India. India exhibits a massive variety of cultures, customs, languages, and religious beliefs. The selection and development of apt materials is, therefore, a matter of serious deliberation. The centrally developed material, despite numerous benefits, often lacks in representing different groups of students, especially the backward and marginalized ones. The contents, in most cases, are representative of the mainstream. Therefore, the study suggests teachers developed supplementary materials to which learners from all the groups can relate. The researcher has taken the context of Jharkhand and illustrates self-developed supplementary materials prepared using contents from learners’ social and cultural backgrounds. The article offers various suggestions on how to develop such materials that could bring socio-cultural equity in the classroom, making a significant contribution to social sustainability.Materiały dydaktyczne są głównym źródłem informacji w klasie językowej. Potencjał materiałów do nauczania języka angielskiego (ELT) w ochronie i przekazywaniu naszej kultury, wartości, tożsamości i języka sprawia, że ​​są one istotne z perspektywy zrównoważonego rozwoju społeczno-kulturowego. Materiały opracowane przez National Council of Education and Research Training (NCERT) są szeroko stosowanymi materiałami do nauki w szkołach podstawowych i średnich w Indiach. Indie wykazują ogromną różnorodność kultur, zwyczajów, języków i przekonań religijnych. Wybór i opracowanie odpowiednich materiałów jest zatem kwestią poważnej refleksji. W materiale opracowanym centralnie, mimo licznych korzyści, często brakuje reprezentacji różnych grup uczniów, zwłaszcza tych zacofanych i marginalizowanych. Treści w większości przypadków są reprezentatywne dla głównego nurtu. W związku warto zasugerować nauczycielom opracowanie materiałów uzupełniających, do których mogą odnieść się uczniowie ze wszystkich grup. W artykule przyjęto perspektywę Jharkhanda i przedstawiono własne materiały uzupełniające wykorzystujące treści pochodzące ze środowisk społecznych i kulturowych uczniów. Artykuł zawiera konretne sugestie dotyczące opracowywania takich materiałów, które mogłyby zapewnić równość społeczno-kulturową w klasie, wnosząc znaczący wkład w zrównoważony rozwój społeczny

Data Mining Techniques to Predict Aircraft Damage Levels for Wildstrikes in United States

Wildlife strikes pose a major economic and threat to aviation safety all around the world. From 1990 through 2018 there were 209,950 wildlife strikes to aviation in the U.S. Approximately eight percent of those strikes caused damage to aircraft. A primary method to understand the magnitude of this economic and safety hazard is through data collection and analyses. Data mining methods can be used to predict the likelihood of events and significant factors of contribution based on historical datasets. Researchers will collect and analyze data (XXXX-2020) from the National Wildlife Strike Database. The purpose of this study is twofold: 1. To identify the potential predictors of damaging wildlife strikes to aviation in the U.S.; 2. To identify the potential predictors of substantial and minor damaging wildlife strikes to aviation in the U.S. Findings of the current study can help determine the nature and magnitude of this problem as well as provide the ground work for the development and implementation of integrated safety management and research efforts to improve aviation safety

Centro-symmetry Parameter Studies of Defects in Deformed Copper Single Crystal

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of uniaxial tension at nano-scale was carried out for strain rate of 0.0001ps-1 and at temperatures of 10K and 50K respectively on perfect Cusingle crystal and having a horizontal and vertical surface defects in order to investigate the stress-strain response. Also the mechanical properties were investigated at the above stated temperatures. It was seen that mechanical properties were significantly influenced with respect to temperature and with respect to defects. The engineering stress-strain diagram observed for all the specimens showed a zig-zag behavior after the first drop. The first drop in the stress-strain curve is due to the yielding of the material and subsequent drops could be due to formation of deformation mechanism dominated by twins.The sub-structural features such as twins are observed using centro symmetry parameter studies with the help of Ovito software