Effects of estrogens on oxidative protein damage in plasma and tissues in ovariectomised rats

Purpose: To assess estrogen-related changes in the redox status of the brain and liver proteins as well as the systemic oxidative stress in ovarectomised (OVX) rats Methods: Twelve-week-old, sexually mature female Sprague–Dawley rats (200-250g) were randomly divided into four groups: The following treatment combinations were administrated daily to all in 0.05 ml 96% ethanol solution by gastric gavage. (1) Sham operation (2) OVX rats (3) OVX rats [0.02 mg/kg/day of 17?-estradiol (E2) and 0.01 mg/kg/day of norethisterone acetate] (4) OVX rats [E2 (0.01 mg/kg/day) and drospirenon (0.02 mg/kg/day)]. Estrogen levels were determined using routine clinical-chemistry methods. We also measured protein oxidation parameters such as protein carbonyl (PCO), total thiol (T-SH) and the other oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). Results: Ovariectomy resulted in abnormal elevation of plasma and tissue oxidative stress markers and changes in redox status of the proteins in tissue dependent manner. Supplementation of various estrogens combinations partially alleviated these abnormalities and restored redox homeostasis of proteins after the ovariectomy. Among the studied protein oxidation parameters, plasma and tissue PCO levels of the OVX rats were higher than those of the control groups (P < 0.01). Hormone replacement therapies (HRT) caused a decrease in PCO and MDA in both plasma and tissue of the OVX rats (P < 0.01). HRT in OVX rats decreased plasma MDA and increased liver and brain GSH (P < 0.01). Liver MDA levels of the Drospirenon-treated rats were lower than in the norethisterone acetate group (P < 0.01). On the other hand, Drospirenon increases brain GSH s more effectively than norethisterone acetate (P < 0.01). After bilateral oopherectomy, plasma and tissue T-SH levels decreased in the OVX group compared with control (P < 0.01). Norethisterone acetate increased plasma T-SH more effectively than Drospirenon (P < 0.05) Conclusions: The study showed the extent of oxidative protein damage (OPD) in this model of estrogen deficiency. The protective effect of estrogens against tissue specific OPD suggests that estrogens play an important role within the antioxidant defense systems in plasma, liver and brain. The exact molecular mechanisms leading to these findings are not yet completely known. Meanwhile, hormone replacement therapy for the prevention of OPD in a tissue specific manner may be required

Surgical treatment of congenital coronary artery-pulmonary artery fistula: A case report

Congenital coronary artery fistula is a rare congenital heart disease. A 65-year-old female case was admitted to our outpatient clinic with the complaints of back and chest pain lasting for one year and increasing with exercise. A fistula originating from the left anterior descending coronary artery and drained into the main pulmonary artery was detected. The fistula was ligated using off-pump cardiopulmonary bypass

Plerixafor use in patients with previous mobilization failure: A multicenter experience

Plerixafor in conjunction with G-CSF (G-P) is an effective strategy for hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in patients with previously failed mobilization attempt. Here we report our results with G-P among patients with at least one mobilization failure with G-CSF alone (G) or G-CSF plus chemotherapy (G-C). The study included 20 consecutive patients with lymphoma and myeloma from five centers. In 14 (70%) patients, a minimum of 2×10 6/kg CD34+ stem cells were collected and 16 out of 20 patients (80%) were able to proceed to ASCT. Our study indicates that plerixafor can safely rescue patients with a history of mobilization failure. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd

The effects of normoxic and hyperoxic cardiopulmonary bypass on oxidative stress in cyanotic pediatric patients [Siyanotik çocuk hastalarda normoksik ve hiperoksik kardiyopulmoner baypasin oksidatif strese etkisi]

Background: This study aims to investigate the effects of controlled reoxygenation cardiopulmonary bypass on oxidative stress in children undergoing repair of cyanotic congenital heart defect. Methods: Thirty cyanotic children (mean age 24.2±17.4 month; range 6 month to 5 years) who underwent surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass for congenital heart defect (Tetralogy of Fallot) were included. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups as normoxic (PaO2: 80-150 mmHg) and hyperoxic (PaO2: 150-250 mmHg) cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood samples for serum malondialdehyde levels, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase response to cardiopulmonary bypass were collected after induction of anesthesia, and at 30 minutes after placement of aortic cross clamp, and 10 minutes and 12 hours after removal of the aortic cross clamp. Results: Hyperoxic cardiopulmonary bypass in the group, serum malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzyme levels were found to be high, at 30 minutes after placement of aortic cross clamp, 10 minutes after removal of the aortic cross clamp, indicating a statistical significance. Conclusion: High level of partial oxygen pressure which is routinely used in cardiopulmonary bypass leads to increased oxyradical damage in cyanotic children. Controlled reoxygenation strategy should be implemented to prevent or minimize this undesired condition

Investigation of p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations in patients with a lung mass using sequence analysis [Akciger kitlesi olan hastalarda p53 tümör baskilayici gen mutasyonlarinin sekans analizi ile arastirilmasi]

Objective: The p53 tumour suppressor gene plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation. It is located on the short arm of the 17th chromosome. It has 11 exons and encodes for a tumor suppressor protein called p53 which is 53kD in weight and 393 amino acids in length. This protein, a transcription factor, is an important regulator of cell cycle. Up to date, a number of mutations (75 % of which are found between codon 26 and 332) have been detected on p53 gene. Recent researches showed that lung neoplasm resulting from the mutations of p53 gene varied between 33% (adenocarcinoma) and 70% (small cell lung cancer), and it is reported that the hot spots were mainly found at the codons 175, 248, and 273. Material and Methods: In this study, the exons, exon-intron junctions, and some intron regions, which are located between exon 4-9 of p53 gene, of 24 patients who had a surgical operation due to a lung mass were examined by automatic DNA sequencing in University of Leipzig. Results: 53 missense and 7 frameshift mutations were detected between 4th and 9th exons (Codons 36-318) of 18 samples among the 24 samples. Fifty five of these mutations were heterozygous, and five of them were homozygous. Similarly, 12 missense mutations detected as a result of the serial analyses of the region between introns 4-9, and seven of them were heterozygo us and 5 were homozygous. Conclusion: Some research regarding p53 gene reported that codon 175, 248, and 273 were hot spots and mutations were frequent in these codons. However we have not seen any mutations in any of these codons in our study. Nucleotide changes at the positions 13432 (5' beginning) and 13999 (3' ending) of 6th intron, which are very important regions, may result in the formation of an abnormal protein. We suppose that other nucleotide changes are not very important due to their heterozygous nature and location. © 2010 by Türkiye Klinikleri

Management of Complications and Intensive Care: Guidelines of Turkish Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases 2015

Scopu

Two Cases Of Primary Leptomeningeal Melanomatosis Mimicking Subacute Meningitis

Scopu

N-acetyltransferase 2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to prostate cancer: A pilot study in the Turkish population [N-acetyltransferase 2 gen polimorfizmleri ve prostat kanserine yatki{dotless}nli{dotless}k: Türk populasyonunda pilot bir çali{dotless}şma]

Aim: To investigate the association between the 3 most frequently observed single nucleotide polymorphisms of the NAT2 gene and the risk of developing prostate cancer in the Turkish population. & Materials and methods: A total of 110 unrelated patients with prostate cancer were included in this case-control association study and constituted the study group. The control group also consisted of 150 unrelated but healthy men. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes of all patients and analyzed with a sensitive real-time PCR method. After melting curve analysis genotypes were identified for the NAT2*5A, NAT2*6A, and NAT2*7A/B polymorphisms. & Results: Prostate cancer patients had a higher frequency of the mutant NAT2*6A (13.6% versus 4.0%, P = 0.009) and heterozygote NAT2*7A/B (20.9% versus 9.3%, P = 0.008) genotypes when compared with the controls. & Conclusion: The NAT2*6A and NAT2*7A/B gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with prostate cancer in the Turkish population. Real-time PCR analysis of the NAT2 acetylator phenotype can therefore be used to recognize individuals with a high risk of developing prostate cancer. © TÜBİTAK