PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DAN STAKEHOLDER DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PROGRAM CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KOMUNITAS PERDESAAN

Empowerment is road to participation and participation determine social and economical community development program’s impacts. Generally, this research aims to identifiy the correlation between participation level of society and stakeholders in holding  Corporate Social Responsibility  program of Geothermal Corporation through Micro Finance Board and its impact to the society’s social and economical condition. This research was concerned to see the implementation of Community Based Micro Finance Program in Kabandungan District by holding LKMS Kartini. The subjects of this research were the society of Cihamerang Village, including its local government and local community, also corporate staffs. Methodes which are implied in this reseach consist of quantitative and qualitative study. Sample taken as many as fourty-five  respondents who represent Cihamerang Village community, with the informant as many as nine persons. Results of this research shows that every stakeholders have different type and degree of participation. The higher micro finance board member’s participation level in every steps of program implementation, the higher social and economical impacts will be got

Transformasi Identitas Gerakan dari “Petani” Menjadi “Masyarakat Adat”: Upaya Memahami Konflik Pembangunan Bandara Sultan Babullah di Ternate Maluku Utara”

Land conflict in Ternate have been in existence from the era of pre-independence to the present reform era. One example is the conflict over the development of Sultan Babullah Ternate Airport, which has victimized the peasant communities in the village of Tafure. This srudy used a strategy of qualitative method of research. It is intended to development of Sultan Babullah Ternate Airport, examine the formation and development of new social movements in Ternate and its relation to the issues of environmental and socio-economic impacts as well as the issues of ulayat (custom) land and the rights of custom communities, and determine to what extent the peasants' movements could become a solution to win the peasants' rights and at the same tme feasible as the forum to struggle for better life of peasants. This study found that the peasant communities initially launched protests to get the financial compensation for the land used for the airport and then in the next development they changed their movement identity from peasants to custom communities. It was also found that there were some factors that triggered the birth of the new social movement, for example lost farm land, lost housing land, disappearing acces to forest area, lost rights for custom land, lost houses or settlement, lost sources of livelihood or incomes, lost plantation land and cemetery, etc. The emergence of the peasants' social movement in Ternate is motivated by equal feeling of poor life and strong desire for a change However, the management of organizational aspects have not yet fully run well such as filing, financing, and work division. In its development, the peasant's movement has experienced some structural constraints, for example the weak position of peasants concerning the evidence of land ownership, while the cultural obstacle is the presence of internal conflicts or divisions in the movement

Pertarungan Gagasan dan Kekuasaan dalam Pemekaran Wilayah : Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Bungo dan Kabupaten Tebo di Propinsi Jambi

Pemekaran Wilayah menjadi semakain marak di Indonesia , dan dikarenakan beberapa alas an yang melatarbelakanginya. Tujuan ideal dari suatu pemekaran wilayah adalah untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Hal ini juga ditujukan untuk memperpendek, mengefektifkan birokrasi, sehingga penggunaan, pengoilahan dapat langsung diawasi dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat local, sehingga menjadikan masyarakat lebih mudah untuk mengontrolnya. Namun demikian, fakta dilapangan menunjukkan adanya penyalahgunaan oleh sekelompok pihak untuk mencapai tujuan dan kepentingan golongan. Salah satunya adalah untuk memperoleh kekuasaan di wilayah baru. Ada banyak aktor yang terlibat di dalam pemekaran, dan masing-masing dari mereka memiliki tujuan dan kepentingan tersendiri. Salah satu wilayah yang mengalami pemekaran adalah kabupaten Bungo an Kabupaten Tebo di propinsi Jambi. Pemekaran diwilayah ini pada awalnya memang diberikan kesempatan oleh pusat, dengan adanya kesempatan tersebut, pemerintah daerah Bungo-Tebo, sangat mendukung dilakukan pemekaran dan menjadikan isu ‘kepentingan masyarakat' sebagai alas an dilakukan pemekaran tersebut. Untuk memenuhi persayaratan dan mempersiapkan perencanaan pemekaran, pemerintah daerah bekerja sama dengan banyak aktor. Namun, dikarenakan ktidaksiapan perencanaan tersebut, ada banyak persyaratan pemekaran yang belum mampu dipenuhi daerah sehingga muncul rekayasa-rekayasa agar pemekaran dapat dilakukan. Akibat ketidaksiapan ini, ketika pemekaran terjadi tujuan untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat tidak tercapai. Berdasarkan latar belakang pemekaran seperti itu, menunjukkan bahwa selamna sepuluh tahun, pemekaran tidak membarikan keuntungan bagi masayarakat, ketidakpuasan terhadap pemekaran, terjadi konflik kepentingan di masyarrakat, dan pemekaran lebih sebagai perebutan kekuasaan di wilayah baru. Dengan demikian, patut dipertimbangkan jika pemekaran wilayah tidak dilanjutkan

TRATEGI DAN PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN FAKIR MISKIN MELALUI KELOMPOK USAHA BERSAMA DI KABUPATEN BOGOR

Bogor Recency as one region which has high economic growth in West Java practically has problems related to high number of poverty. One of programs applied to overcome poverty based on empowering society are in the form of Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUBE) approach. The main objective of this research is to formulate strategic development of empowering the poor people through Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUBE) relevant by needs, characteristic of poor people, and reducing of poverty policy in Bogor District. Data were collected through observation and interview and analyzed by using descriptive analysis, content analysis, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This study has identified three alternatives of policy through AHP, namely: improving the rule and management program, empowering the poor people based community, increasing performance of KUBE, with 9 considered aspects and 19 strategic steps. The results showed that alternatives, such as increasing intensity of companion, facilitating non-formal education, and improving the selection of targets, were found to have the highest degrees of importance, those were 0,106, 0,091, and 0,076, respectively.Keywords: AHP, BLPS, Content Analysis, Empowering the Poor People, KUBEABSTRAK Kabupaten Bogor sebagai salah satu daerah yang memiliki pertumbuhan ekonomi yang cukup tinggi di Provinsi Jawa Barat ternyata juga memiliki permasalahan akan tingginya angka kemiskinan. Wujud dari program-program penanggulangan kemiskinan yang berbasis pemberdayaan masyarakat salah satunya adalah dengan pendekatan Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUBE). Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah merumuskan strategi pengembangan kebijakan pemberdayaan fakir miskin melalui KUBE yang tepat sasaran sesuai dengan karakteristik fakir miskin dan arah kebijakan penanggulangan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Bogor. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan kuisioner lalu dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskripsi, analisis isi, dan AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). Penelitian ini berhasil mengidentifikasi tiga alternatif strategi, yaitu perbaikan tata kelola program, pelaksanaan pemberdayaan fakir miskin berbasis masyarakat, dan peningkatan kinerja KUBE fakir miskin, dengan 9 aspek pertimbangan dan 19 langkah strategis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa alternatif seperti meningkatkan intensitas pendampingan, memfasilitasi pendidikan non formal/pelatihan keterampilan, serta pembenahan dalam seleksi penerima program adalah langkah strategis yang paling diprioritaskan yaitu dengan bobot masing-masing 0,106, 9,091, dan 0,076Kata kunci: AHP, BPLS, Analisis Isi, Pemberdayaan Fakir Miskin, KUB

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA MELALUI PENINGKATAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT, STUDI KASUS KOMUNITAS KELURAHAN KALIMULYA KOTA DEPOK

Since Depok relatively has limited natural resources, creativities and innovation are needed to develop local potential, such as tourism. Several potential tourism objects are located along Ciliwung Riverside. Moreover, this area was also included in the nature area development plan (Rencana Rinci Tata Ruang Bagian Wilayah Kota VIII Sukmajaya for plan development of 2013. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of community participation and potential development of social and economic activities, and also to analyze existing policies related to tourism development in Depok City. Methods used were interviews, observation and questionnaire. Stratified random sampling was applied to 30 respondents grouped by the education level and the work type. Data obtained were tabulated and analyzed descriptively by chi square. Formulation of strategies and policies for the development of ecotourism programs in this study were analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Results showed that the level of community participation in research location was on the first ladder of Non-Participation and the second ladder of Tokenism on Arnstein's theory. Formulations of tourism development strategy are focused in enhancing the society capacity, regional arrangements, financing, infrastructure development, institutional development and also marketing.Keywords: Ecotourism, Community Participation, Depok CityABSTRAK Sumberdaya alam di Kota Depok relatif terbatas sehingga diperlukan kreativitas dan inovasi untuk mengembangkan potensi lokal, misalnya pariwisata. Beberapa obyek wisata yang berpeluang untuk dikembangkan menjadi sarana rekreasi berada di daerah sempadan Sungai Ciliwung, yang berdasarkan Rencana Rinci Tata Ruang Bagian Wilayah Kota VIII Sukmajaya pada rencana pemanfaatan Tahun 2013 merupakan salah satu wilayah rencana pengembangan nature area. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat partisipasi masyarakat, jenis kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi yang dapat mendukung ekowisata, serta menganalisis proses kebijakan yang sudah ada terkait dengan pengembangan ekowisata di Kota Depok. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan kuesioner. Sampling dilakukan secara purposive pada 30 responden yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan dan jenis pekerjaan. Data kemudian ditabulasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif serta diuji dengan chi square. Perumusan strategi dan kebijakan guna pengembangan program dilakukan menggunakan analisis Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat partisipasi masyarakat di lokasi penelitian berada pada tangga pertama Non Participation dan tangga kedua Tokenism berdasarkan Teori Arnstein. Rumusan strategi pengembangan kawasan ekowisata diprioritaskan pada peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat, penataan kawasan, pembiayaan, pengembangan sarana prasarana, pengembangan kelembagaan serta pemasaran.Kata kunci: Ekowisata, Partisipasi Masyarakat, Kota Depo

Relevansi dan Jejak Pemikiran Prof. Dr. S.M.P. Tjondronegoro dalam Pendidikan Sosiologi Pedesaan

Rural Sociology Education in Indonesia is the “academic arena" by Late Prof. Dr. S.M.P. Tjondronegoro. This paper aims to show the academic arena of the deceased as a media for institutionalizing and developing social science, especially in the Field of Sociology and Applied Anthropology with a focus on organizing village development. With a systematic review method, document review, and interviews with selected alumni from the Postgraduate Study Program (Master and Doctor degree) of Rural Sociology (SPD), Department of Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural University, it was noted that the curriculum of this study program is rooted and grew from the thoughts of the deceased. In fact, the subjects taught by the deceased with others SPD founders, namely the deceased Prof. Sajogyo and the deceased Prof. Pujiwati Sajogyo were continuously developed, until now they have become various subjects and elements of the three specialization of students from the SPD Study Program at the Master degree. The three specializations are (1) Community Development, (2) Agrarian Studies and Political Ecology, and (3) Digitalization of Villages and Social Change. The common thread of the thought of the deceased to link these three specializations is the thought of sodality which is the root of the village in managing sustainable development.Pendidikan Sosiologi Pedesaan di Indonesia adalah “arena-akademik” dari almarhum Prof. Dr S.M.P. Tjondronegoro.  Tulisan ini bertujuan menunjukkan arena-akademik dari almarhum tersebut sebagai wadah pelembagaan dan pengembangan pemikiran sains sosial, khususnya di Bidang Sosiologi dan Antropologi Terapan dengan fokus pengorganisasian pembangunan desa.  Dengan systematic review method, tinjauan atas isi dokumen, dan wawancara dengan alumni terpilih dari Program Studi (Prodi) Pascasarjana (Pendidikan Magister Sains dan Doktor) Sosiologi Pedesaan (SPD), Departemen Sains Pengembangan Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, Institut Pertanian Bogor dicatat, bahwa kurikulum prodi ini, tidak lepas dari pemikiran almarhum. Bahkan, mata-mata kuliah yang diampu oleh almarhum bersama pendiri SPD lainnya, yaitu almarhum Prof. Sajogyo dan almarhum Prof. Pujiwati Sajogyo terus dikembangkan, hingga saat ini telah menjadi berbagai mata kuliah dan unsur dari tiga kompetensi peminatan mahasiswa dari Prodi SPD untuk pendidikan magister sains. Tiga peminatan tersebut adalah (1) Pengembangan Masyarakat, (2) Kajian Agraria dan Ekologi Politik, dan (3) Digitalisasi Desa dan Perubahan Sosial.  Benang merah pemikiran almarhum menjadi  penjalin tiga peminatan tersebut adalah pemikiran tentang sodality yang menjadi akar dari desa mengelola pembangunan secara berkelanjutan

Comparative Analysis of Social Economic and Ecological Progress of “Oil Palm Village” and “Non-Oil Palm Village” Communities

This study aimed to analyze the level of social, economic, and ecological progress of the Oil Palm Village communities and compare the level of social, economic, and ecological progress between the Oil Palm Village and Non-Oil Palm Village communities. Indonesia is one of the major palm oil-producing countries in the world. Palm oil has brought economic benefits nationally and also to local communities. However, in its development, there has been a controversy surrounding the palm oil commodity, namely in the case of Indonesian palm oil which is related to the issues of deforestation and territorialization due to the economic interests of palm oil versus the existence of forest areas. This study used a Quantitative Approach with Secondary Data Methods from primary sources (Ministry of Village, Development of Disadvantage Region, and Transmigration, BPS, and Directorate General of Plantation) with the village communities as the unit of analysis. As many as 524 village communities were selected from the population of Oil Palm Villages and Non-Oil Palm Villages in eight provinces of Indonesia’s oil palm centers with a combination of Purposive Multistage Sampling and Propensity Score Matching methods. Descriptive analysis, comparative analysis, analysis of the difference in progress using the Difference in Difference (DID) model, and the binary logistic regression method were carried out in this study. The results of the study revealed the facts that there has been an increase in social, economic, and ecological progress in various Oil Palm Village communities. The level of social, economic, and ecological progress of Oil Palm Village communities is higher than that of Non-Oil Palm Village communities. These facts indicate that the community sustainability level of the Oil Palm Village communities is superior to that of the Non-Oil Palm Village communities

ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN DI PROVINSI RIAU

Varied institutions responsible for agricultural extension in Riau Province have certainly run independently and caused the agricultural extension unproductive, ineffective, and inefficient. This study aims: 1) To identify the structure of agricultural extension institutions in the regional autonomy era in the Riau Province; 2) To analyze the implementation of agricultural extensions in different institutions, 3) To analyze the effect of different extension implementation on the performance of extension workers and the degree of technological application among farmers. This research was conducted from March-April 2008 in Pekanbaru, Kampar Regency and Pelalawan Regency. Methods used in this study were internal and external factors analysis, SWOT analysis (Strengths-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats), and QSPM analysis (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix). Result showed that: 1) Implementation of Laws Number 22/1999 and Number 32/2004 along with the regulations under the laws had caused the agricultural extensions in the Province of Riau to experience coevolution in the social infrastructure of agricultural extensions; 2) The functions of services and arrangement still dominate the working system of extension; 3) The frequency of LAKU is not fully implemented yet, and 4) Formulated strategy in developing the agricultural extension institutions in the Province of Riau is to form a separate and specific institution that regulates agricultural extension.Keywords: Agriculture, Extension, Institution, Riau Province, Strategie

KELEMBAGAAN DALAM SISTEM PERTANIAN PADI SEHAT

Organic agriculture system has already developed and sustain until today in the middle of agricultural modernization. It's become an alternative to build sustainable agriculture and institutional support become important element to build it. Related to that, the objective of this research was to analysis how is an agriculture sustainability will be built supported by sustainable institutions in organic agriculture system. The study is a sociological research which assumed itself into constructivist paradigm, which is a qualitative exploration, with specific cases using multi-method. The research was held on October 2008 until February 2009 and located in Ciburuy Village with paddy peasant community as the unit of analysis. The result of the research shows that organic agriculture system in Ciburuy Village is healty rice agriculture system which produce SAE branded rice (Healthy, Save, and Delicious). Technically, the system has not yet became pure organic agriculture which free of synthetic chemical because the using of chemical fertilizer. Nevertheless, a process and also an implementation of the system related to the principles of organic agriculture system. So that, production techniques, social relationships, and the rules that embedded in were built to build agriculture sustainability. With the development of healthy rice farming systems, do not change a working relationship system of division of labor and wage system between tenant farmers and farm laborers. Similarly at harvest activity. The differences appear in the presence of mechanisms that shape institutional providers of fertilizer and pesticides, institutional Cooperative Farmers Group "Lisung Kiwari", institutional post-harvest, and institutional distribution of rice SAE as a product of healthy rice. Keywords : organic agriculture system, institutions sustainability, sustainable                     agriculture, people center development