Educação e Imigração: a importância do ensino da Sociologia para imigrantes

This paper approaches in a reflective way the relationship between migration and education. It aims to make a call for more studies on the importance of teaching sociology in schools with immigrant students. The number of immigrants in Brazil has increased in the last two decades. Consequently, it has also increased the number of immigrant children and adolescents into the basic educational system. Therefore, it is necessary to think how sociology with its conceptual, pedagogical and methodological instruments can be a locus for the immigrant and non-migrant students to understand better the particularities of migratory processes, their motivations and consequences. In addition, it is important to think about how the discipline of sociology can contribute to the processes of socio-cultural integration and socialization of immigrant students in their new cultural context. In addition, it is necessary to understand further about how sociology can collaborate for the schools to value the differences and cultural peculiarities of the immigrants.El presente artículo, con carácter de ensayo, aborda de forma reflexiva, la relación entre inmigración educación. En concreto, el texto tiene como objetivo suscitar la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la importancia de la enseñanza de la sociología en las escuelas con alumnos inmigrantes. El número de inmigrantes en el país ha crecido en las dos últimas décadas y, consecuentemente, también ha aumentado la entrada de niños y adolescentes inmigrantes en el sistema educativo básico del país. Por lo tanto, se hace necesario pensar cómo la sociología con sus instrumentos conceptuales, pedagógicos y metodológicos puede ser un locus para que los alumnos inmigrantes y no migrantes entiendan mejor las particularidades de los procesos migratorios, sus motivaciones y consecuencias. Además, es relevante pensar cómo la disciplina de Sociología puede contribuir para la integración sociocultural y la socialización de los alumnos inmigrantes en su nuevo contexto cultural. Y, además, como esta puede colaborar para la escuela valorar las diferencias y particularidades culturales de los estudiantes inmigrantes.O presente artigo, com caráter de ensaio, aborda de forma reflexiva, a relação entre imigração educação. Em concreto o texto tem como objetivo suscitar a necessidade de refletir sobre a importância do ensino da sociologia nas escolas com alunos imigrantes. O número de imigrantes no país vem crescendo nas duas últimas décadas e, consequentemente, também aumentou a entrada de crianças e adolescentes imigrantes no sistema educacional básico do país. Portanto, faz-se necessário pensar como a Sociologia com seus instrumentos conceituais, pedagógicos e metodológicos pode ser um locus para os alunos imigrantes e não-migrantes entenderem melhor as particularidades dos processos migratórios, suas motivações e consequências. Ademais, é relevante pensar como a disciplina de Sociologia pode contribuir para a integração sociocultural e para a socialização dos alunos imigrantes no seu novo contexto cultural. E, ainda, como essa pode colaborar para a escola valorizar as diferenças e particularidades culturais do alunato imigrante.&nbsp

Os desafios da nova política migratória brasileira diante do fluxo migratório haitiano

This article analyzes the Brazilian State's responses to the arrival of the south migratory flows to Brazil. The study empirically focuses on Haitian migration in Brazil. We argued the Brazilian migration policies have focused until now mainly in the reception process of immigrants. The New Migration Law (13.445/2017) and Regulatory Resolutions have allowed a regulated entry of Haitian immigrants in Brazil. However, the qualitative research conducted with Haitians in Brasília and Curitiba in 2018-1019, named “Immigration and economic crisis. Haitian return migration and circularity tactics” has showed there are still pending challenges, which the policies has not tackled. In sum, this study showed that in Brazil up to now the integration mechanisms have not developed at the same pace as the flow management rules.Diante da chegada dos novos fluxos migratórios do Sul Global para o Brasil, este artigo analisa as respostas do Estado brasileiro ao caso específico da migração haitiana. Argumentamos que a produção de políticas de gestão migratória no Brasil tem focado na recepção de imigrantes. A formulação da Lei de Migração (13.445/2017) regulamentada pelo decreto 9.199/17, as Resoluções Normativas e as Portarias Interministeriais, permitem a entrada regular dos imigrantes haitianos em território nacional. No entanto, através do estudo qualitativo realizado no marco da pesquisa “Imigração e crise econômica. As táticas migratórias de retorno e circularidade dos haitiana”, com os haitianos em Brasília e Curitiba em 2018-2019 foi revelado que as estruturas e os mecanismos de integração não se desenvolveram no mesmo ritmo das regras de gerenciamento de fluxo. A construção de políticas migratórias para além do novo marco legal segue sendo um desafio pendente para os formuladores de políticas de migração no Brasil

Buffalo Sensory Analysis of Meat in the City of Medellin, Colombia, South America

The aim of this study was to determine the organoleptic properties of meat buffaloes in the town of Medellin, Colombia. It was a methodology employed with satisfaction hedonic scale of five-point verbal. GLM method was employed, with the technical MANOVA, with the orthogonal contrasts canonical, determining the dimensionality, in that the response variables were expressed by the criterion of maximum likelihood. The analysis was complemented through the technique of Spearman, using the SAS statistical package version 9.0. In making, the MANOVA, for the response variables smell, taste, tact and general appearance of the product found no statistical differences (p> 0.05). However, the variables above presented statistical relationship (p <0.05), when the ANOVA analysis for each gender. The Spearman correlation coefficient showed that there are significant correlations between the different responses, for both men and women. This result indicates that the meat buffaloes, will present a good acceptance by the general public and therefore an acceptable marketing in the city of Medellin

Migration and domestic work : the experiences of Latin American migrant women in Spain

Este artigo analisa as experiências de migrantes latino-americanas que trabalham, ou já trabalharam, como domésticas e/ou cuidadoras na Espanha. O texto destaca dois tipos de situações vivenciadas pelas colaboradoras deste estudo, que dizem respeito, em primeiro lugar, à precarização e à desvalorização de seus trabalhos, acarretando exposição a longas jornadas, a baixos salários e, até mesmo, ao não pagamento. Em segundo lugar, situações que se referem às dificuldades, ao assédio e à violência que elas enfrentam em seus ambientes de trabalho. Ambas as situações existem como resultado das desigualdades de gênero, de classe social e de nacionalidade com as quais as migrantes entrevistadas se deparam na Espanha. Nesse sentido, apesar de todas as colaboradoras possuírem a documentação espanhola, elas ainda enfrentam uma segregação laboral que determina que continuem realizando, majoritariamente, os trabalhos de reprodução, sem que haja mobilidade de alcançar outros nichos laborais.This article analyzes the experiences of Latin American migrant women, who work or have worked as cleaners and/or caregivers in Spain. This paper highlights two types of situations experienced by the collaborators of the study. Firstly, we focus on the precariousness and devaluation of their work, which exposes them to long working hours, low wages and even nonpayment. Secondly, we highlight the difficulties, harassment and violence that they face in their work environment. We identified that both job experiences exist as a result of the inequalities of gender, social class and nationality that affect the migrant women interviewed in Spain. In this sense, despite all the participants having the Spanish documentation, they still face a working segregation; consequently, they work mainly in labor niches such as cleaning and caring jobs

The transnational family: migration, family and rituals among Brazilian migrant women in the UK

This thesis explores how Brazilian migrant women ‘do family’ with their family members in Brazil. Of particular importance is their practice of family rituals and the giving of ritualist features to family practices to create and recreate a sense of familyhood, even while living at a distance for an extended period of time. The thesis dialogues with transnational family studies that consider the significance and continuity of family relationships in the process of migration. I investigate this in relation to and through the perspective of Brazilian women in London where, despite being populous, they remain a largely understudied migrant group. My investigation is framed by a qualitative methodological framework that includes a multi-sited ethnography at participant houses, biographical interviews and diaries. Fieldwork was carried out in the UK and in Brazil over 21 months, including thirty biographical interviews at the participants’ houses in both locations, and seven daily diaries, reporting the Brazilian women migrants’ daily interaction with their family members in Brazil. My analysis considers the process of ritualization of family life and the creation and recreation of family (in daily, weekly, monthly or annual events, or during the life-course) through communication technologies (letters, telephone, video communication) and visits that constitute the conditions of mediation for families living far apart. I show that ritualizing as a family involves a set of activities heavily encoded with symbolic and affective meanings as well as some constraints which can influence the capacity and opportunity to practise them. I conclude that the process of ritualization of family practices done by the Brazilian transnational families in this study was especially important for them, in order to (re)constitute their sense of familyhood at a distance

Polimorfismos no gene JY-1 e suas associações com ocorrência de prenhez precoce e idade ao primeiro parto em fêmeas bovinas.

Características reprodutivas possuem alto valor econômico e são interessantes de serem incluídas nos objetivos de seleção. Marcadores moleculares podem ser inseridos na avaliação genética a fim de melhorar a acurácia de predição. A proteína JY-1 tem sua expressão no óvulo e está associada à foliculogênese e ao desenvolvimento inicial do embrião, podendo afetar as características reprodutivas. 385 fêmeas bovinas da raça Nelore foram estudadas para as regiões dos éxons um e dois do gene JY-1 pela técnica de PCR-sequenciamento. Foram descobertos 17 polimorfismos. Após as análises de desequilíbrio de ligação, foram feitos testes de associação com oito SNPs com as características de ocorrência de prenhez precoce e idade ao primeiro parto. Quatro SNPs foram significativos para cada uma das características, sendo que o mais significativo para ocorrência de prenhez precoce, o SNP 12.999 (p=0,003) pode estar relacionado ao silenciamento do gene, pois afeta o códon da metionina inicial. O gene JY-1 mostrou influenciar as características reprodutivas, sendo que o estudo de outras regiões e a influência em outras características são interessantes de serem feitos

Genotype and environment interaction in Colombian Holstein cattle

The existence of Genotype-Environment Interactions among four regions of Colombia was investigated. The information was obtained from records of Holstein cattle in Cundinamarca (C), Valle del Cauca(V), Antioquia (A) and Nariño (N). A mixed models multivariate analysis methodology, applied to an animal model for repeated measures was used. Variance components were estimated by Derivative Free Restricted Maximum Likelihood algorithm (DFREML). Contemporary group (Herd-year) and genetic group of the sires (origin-year of birth) were fixed effects, and the genetic additive, permanent environment and temporary environment were included as random effects. Production records (n = 69464) of 25 608 daughters of 594 sires were used. Genetic correlation coefficients of milk production between regions were 0.70, 0.83, 0.73, 0.95, 0.97 and 0.99 for C-V, C-A, C-N, V-A, V-N and A-N, respectively. Different genetic, permanent environment and residual variances among areas were observed, but heritabilities and repetibilities were similar. Genotype and Environment Interaction exists, mainly between Cundinamarca and the other three regions

Polimorfismos no éxon 3 do gene JY-1 e suas associações com probabilidade de prenhez precoce e características de crescimento em novilhas da raça Nelore.

A probabilidade de prenhez precoce é uma característica importante devido ao alto valor econômico associado. Marcadores moleculares promovem diminuição do intervalo de gerações e aumento de ganho genético. A proteína JY-1 é uma proteína específica dos oócitos e atua nas células da granulosa e no desenvolvimento embrionário inicial. Marcadores moleculares foram usados para estudar o gene JY-1 e foram encontrados quatro polimorfismos do tipo SNP no éxon 3. As posições dos SNPs no referido éxon e as substituições são: 163 (T/C), 281(T/C), 321(T/C) e 679(T/C). O SNP 163 está em região codificante e causa substituição de uma prolina por uma leucina. Os demais SNPs estão em região 3?UTR. Os SNPs foram genotipados em 297 novilhas da raça Nelore. Os SNPs 163, 321 e 679 estavam em desequilíbrio de ligação entre si e em equilíbrio com o 281. Os genótipos foram correlacionados com probabilidade de prenhez precoce e características de crescimento, mas não se apresentaram significativos

Effect of lactation length adjustment procedures on genetic parameter estimates for buffalo milk yield

The objectives of this study were to estimate the genetic parameters for milk yield unadjusted and adjusted for days in milk and, subsequently, to assess the influence of adjusting for days in milk on sire rank. Complete lactations from 90 or 150 days of lactation to 270 or 350 days in milk were considered in these analyses. Milk yield was adjusted for days in milk by multiplicative correction factors, or by including lactation length as a covariable in the model. Milk yields adjusted by different procedures were considered as different traits. Heritability estimates varied from 0.17 to 0.28. Genetic correlation estimates between milk yields unadjusted and adjusted for days in milk were greater than 0.82. Adjusting for days in milk affected the parameter estimates. Multiplicative correction factors produced the highest heritability estimates. More reliable breeding value estimates can be expected by including short length lactation records in the analyses and adjusting the milk yields for days in milk, regardless of the method used for the adjustment. High selection intensity coupled to the inclusion of short length lactations and adjustment with multiplicative factors can change the sire rank.