Equilibrium Cycles in a Two-Sector Economy with Sector Specific Externality

In this paper, we study the two-sector CES economy with sector-specific externality (feedback effects) following Nishimura and Venditti \(2004). We characterize the equilibrium paths in the case that allows negative externality. That equilibrium paths were not explicitly discussed by Nishimura and Venditti and show how the degree of externality may generate equilibrium cycles around the steady state.Two-sector economy, sector-specific externalities, indeterminacy, period-two cycles, capital-labor substitution

Characterization of Equilibrium Paths in a Two-Sector Economy with CES Production Functions and Sector-Specific Externality

In this paper, we study a two-sector CES economy with sector-specific externality as described by Nishimura and Venditti (2004). We characterize the equilibrium paths in the case that allows negative externality as that equlibrium paths were not explicitly discussed by Nishimura and Venditti. We show how the degree of externality affects the local behavior of the equilibrium path around the steady state.Two-sector economy, sector-specific externalities, indeterminacy, capital-labor substitution

Equilibrium Cycles in a Two-Sector Economy with Sector Specific Externality

In this paper, we study the two-sector CES economy with sector-specific externality (feedback effects) following Nishimura and Venditti \(2004). We characterize the equilibrium paths in the case that allows negative externality. That equilibrium paths were not explicitly discussed by Nishimura and Venditti and show how the degree of externality may generate equilibrium cycles around the steady state

Characterization of Equilibrium Paths in a Two-Sector Economy with CES Production Functions and Sector-Specific Externality

In this paper, we study a two-sector CES economy with sector-specific externality as described by Nishimura and Venditti (2004). We characterize the equilibrium paths in the case that allows negative externality as that equlibrium paths were not explicitly discussed by Nishimura and Venditti. We show how the degree of externality affects the local behavior of the equilibrium path around the steady state

Study on acoustical physical constants of ZnO single crystal using the ultrasonic microspectroscopy technology

2008 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium Proceeding

経皮的冠動脈インターベンションにおけるステント血栓症発症に特徴的なステント留置後の光干渉断層法の冠動脈内の所見

Background:The association between unfavorable post-stent optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings and subsequent stent thrombosis (ST) remains unclear. This study investigated the ST-related characteristics of post-stent OCT findings at index percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods and Results:Fifteen patients with ST onset after OCT-guided PCI (ST group) were retrospectively enrolled. Post-stent OCT findings in the ST group were compared with those in 70 consecutive patients (reference group) without acute coronary syndrome onset for at least 5 years after OCT-guided PCI. The incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was higher in the ST than reference group (60.0% vs. 17.1%, respectively; P=0.0005). The incidence of incomplete stent apposition (93.3% vs. 55.7%; P=0.0064), irregular protrusion (IP; 93.3% vs. 62.8%; P=0.0214), and thrombus (93.3% vs. 51.4%; P=0.0028) was significantly higher in the ST than reference group. The maximum median (interquartile range) IP arc was significantly larger in the ST than reference group (265° [217°–360°] vs. 128° [81.4°–212°], respectively; P180° was significantly higher in the ST than reference group (100% vs. 58.3%, respectively; P=0.0265). Conclusions:IP with a large arc was a significant feature on post-stent OCT in patients with ST.博士（医学）・甲第868号・令和5年3月15

Ant Colony Optimization with External Memory of Each Ant

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)はDorigoに提案されて以降，様々なアルゴリズムの拡張が行われている。従来のACOでは個々のアリが独自の情報を持つことは無く，グローバルな情報のみに従って探索を行っていた。本稿では個々のアリの記憶情報を探索に利用するACOを提案する。さらに，個々のアリの記憶が一定確率で忘れられるケースも考える。また 性能比較実験にはTSPライブラリーの標準テスト問題を使い，拡張アルゴリズムの有効性を示す。Since Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm was introduced by Dorigo in 1992, several researchers have enhanced it. Each ant in basic ACO algorithm has no long-term memory; it searches using only pheromone information. In this paper, we propose a variant of ACO algorithm that uses external memory of each ant to seek an optimum solution. Moreover, it incorporates not only the case in which each ant’s memory is permanent but also the case in which the memory is lost with a certain probability. The effectiveness of our proposed algorithm is demonstrated by testing with benchmark test problems from the TSP library (TSPLIB)

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

Pay-as-you-go pension systems supported by the old rich

In this paper, we present a pension policy that supplements the pay-as-you-go pension system with payments by old generations with a high assets income. This supplement is intended to reduce intergenerational inequity. To analyze the effect of this pension policy on both capital stock in the economy and the utilities of the rich and the poor, we build an Over-Lapping Generations model with different incomes when young. This model finds that the stable steady-state capital stock level increases as the old rich generation contributes to the pension system. We also find by numerical simulations that there is a Pareto efficient premium level between high-income and low-income people