DRUŠTVENO ODGOVORNO POSLOVANJE PODUZEĆA ERICSSON NIKOLA TESLA : Završni rad

Poduzeća danas posluju u nesigurnom okruženju koje podrazumijevaju nagle promjene i neizvjesnu i nesigurnu budućnost. Uspješnim poduzećem se smatraju ona koja vode brigu o svom ekonomskom, društvenom i okolišnom utjecaju, pa se s obzirom na to pojavila potreba za društveno odgovornim poslovanjem, koje podrazumijeva akcije koje doprinose dobrobiti društva i poduzeća. Društvenom odgovornom poslovanju mogu doprinijeti i dionici (zaposlenici, potrošači,investitori...) koji mogu vršiti pritisak na poduzeća za društveno odgovornim djelovanjem. Društveno odgovorno poslovanje je teško smjestiti u određeno vremensko razdoblje i u određena poduzeća jer je podložan stalnim promjenama.Today companies operate in precarious environment, which implies sudden changes and uncertain future. To be regarded as successful, companies need consider its social and environmental impact as well as their economic benefits, creating need for socially responsible business, which implies actions that contribute to the well-being of society and enterprises. Socially responsible business can also be contribute by stakeholders (employees, consumers, investors ...) who can exert pressure on companies socially responsible businesses. Socially responsible business is difficult to place in a specific time period or in specified companies because it is subjected to constant changes

DRUŠTVENO ODGOVORNO POSLOVANJE PODUZEĆA ERICSSON NIKOLA TESLA : Završni rad

Poduzeća danas posluju u nesigurnom okruženju koje podrazumijevaju nagle promjene i neizvjesnu i nesigurnu budućnost. Uspješnim poduzećem se smatraju ona koja vode brigu o svom ekonomskom, društvenom i okolišnom utjecaju, pa se s obzirom na to pojavila potreba za društveno odgovornim poslovanjem, koje podrazumijeva akcije koje doprinose dobrobiti društva i poduzeća. Društvenom odgovornom poslovanju mogu doprinijeti i dionici (zaposlenici, potrošači,investitori...) koji mogu vršiti pritisak na poduzeća za društveno odgovornim djelovanjem. Društveno odgovorno poslovanje je teško smjestiti u određeno vremensko razdoblje i u određena poduzeća jer je podložan stalnim promjenama.Today companies operate in precarious environment, which implies sudden changes and uncertain future. To be regarded as successful, companies need consider its social and environmental impact as well as their economic benefits, creating need for socially responsible business, which implies actions that contribute to the well-being of society and enterprises. Socially responsible business can also be contribute by stakeholders (employees, consumers, investors ...) who can exert pressure on companies socially responsible businesses. Socially responsible business is difficult to place in a specific time period or in specified companies because it is subjected to constant changes

INAPPROPRIATE USE OF TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDES IN THE DERMATOLOGY OUTPATIENT

Introduction: Topical corticosteroids are group of drugs which have anti-immuno-suppressive, anti-proliferative and vasoconstrictive effects and are among the most commonly prescribed medication, important and efficacious for management of various dermatological disorders. Strict implementation of the existing regulations is the need of the hour to prevent their widespread abuse. Aim of the study was to investigate the usage of topical corticosteroids therapy with the recipe of a doctor and without it. Subjects and methods: The subjects were patients who visited Pharmacies in Mostar from April to July 2020 and were buying topical corticosteroids with or without a recipe or medical report from the doctor. 80 subjects completed a questionnaire themselves included: the way of buying a topical corticosteroids, the information about using topical corticosteroids earlier, the information about subject\u27s visits to the doctor; the length of time using topical corticosteroids, the type of topical corticosteroids used, the part of body the topical corticosteroids was applied on. Results: A total of 80 subjects were treated in the observed period, 58.8% were female. 72.5% subjects had already used local corticosteroids, 62.50% purchased the drug at the recommendation of the pharmacist, 66.30% had no recent diagnosis or no diagnosed disease at all, 21.25% used the drug for more than a month, the most often purchased one was moderate potent local corticosteroid Betamethasone diproprionate 0.05 %. Most commonly subjects applied local corticosteroids on arms (50%). Conclusion: Strict regulations regarding only prescription-based dispensing of local corticosteroids must be put into practice. This will hopefully bring down both the extremes of ever increasing cases of steroid-induced dermatoses in everyday dermatology practise on one hand and the irrational fears of using TCs in well justified indications on the other

The association of different levels of knowledge with the oral health status and oral hygiene habits among dental medicine students: a cross-sectional study

Aim: To investigate whether different levels of knowledge about oral diseases are associated with oral health status, oral hygiene habits, and overall quality of life related to oral health by comparing the first- and the fifth-year dental students at the University of Split. Methods: All students underwent dental examination which included an evaluation of periodontal and dental hard tissues. Periodontal indices included plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), pocket probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). We estimated hard tooth tissues using the decayed, missing, filled permanent teeth (DMFT) index. We also collected basic medical history data and oral hygiene habits, as well as oral health-related quality of life data through the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Results: Fifty-seven dental medicine students participated in this study. The median number of teeth in both groups of students was 28 (interquartile range (IQR)=24-32 for he first-year students; IQR=25-32 for the fifth-year students). All first-year students were diagnosed with healthy periodontium, while two fifth-year students had periodontitis and six had gingivitis. The fifth-year students used interdental brushes, mouth rinses and went for professional teeth cleaning more frequently. Logistic regression analysis showed that the fifth-year students had higher PI (odds ratio (OR)=1.157, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.025-1.306, P=0.018) and BoP (OR=1.466, 95% CI=1.116-1.925, P=0.006). They also used mouth rinses more often (OR=7.102, 95% CI=1.215-41.524, P=0.030). We found no statistically significant differences in quality of life between the first- and the fifth-year students. Conclusion: Higher educational level could be associated with better oral hygiene habits, although it did not result in better oral health status among dental students

INAPPROPRIATE USE OF TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDES IN THE DERMATOLOGY OUTPATIENT

Introduction: Topical corticosteroids are group of drugs which have anti-immuno-suppressive, anti-proliferative and vasoconstrictive effects and are among the most commonly prescribed medication, important and efficacious for management of various dermatological disorders. Strict implementation of the existing regulations is the need of the hour to prevent their widespread abuse. Aim of the study was to investigate the usage of topical corticosteroids therapy with the recipe of a doctor and without it. Subjects and methods: The subjects were patients who visited Pharmacies in Mostar from April to July 2020 and were buying topical corticosteroids with or without a recipe or medical report from the doctor. 80 subjects completed a questionnaire themselves included: the way of buying a topical corticosteroids, the information about using topical corticosteroids earlier, the information about subject\u27s visits to the doctor; the length of time using topical corticosteroids, the type of topical corticosteroids used, the part of body the topical corticosteroids was applied on. Results: A total of 80 subjects were treated in the observed period, 58.8% were female. 72.5% subjects had already used local corticosteroids, 62.50% purchased the drug at the recommendation of the pharmacist, 66.30% had no recent diagnosis or no diagnosed disease at all, 21.25% used the drug for more than a month, the most often purchased one was moderate potent local corticosteroid Betamethasone diproprionate 0.05 %. Most commonly subjects applied local corticosteroids on arms (50%). Conclusion: Strict regulations regarding only prescription-based dispensing of local corticosteroids must be put into practice. This will hopefully bring down both the extremes of ever increasing cases of steroid-induced dermatoses in everyday dermatology practise on one hand and the irrational fears of using TCs in well justified indications on the other

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DURATION OF DIALYSIS AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY CLINICAL HOSPITAL MOSTAR

Introduction: Association of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection with the length of dialysis in dialysis patients is contradictory. This study was conducted in order to determine the association between the duration of dialysis and the HP infection status in the dialysis patients. Furthemore, biochemical parameters were monitored in two subject groups that were included in this study. Subjects and methods: The study included 51 patients on chronic hemodialysis program who had gastrointestinal symptoms. The subjects were divided in two groups per the length of dialysis treatment. In this study we analyzed age, gender, the time period since the onset of the chronic hemodialysis program, body mass index, biochemical parameters, and whether the patients have arterial hypertension and/or diabetes. The presence of HP antigen was determined in the stool samples with use of he UlcoGnost AG test plate. Results: The incidence of HP infection in hemodialysis patients, with some of the gastrointestinal symptoms, was 25.5%. Patients on hemodialysis for less than 24 months had lower incidence of HP infection than those on hemodialysis program for more than 24 months. HP positive and HP negative subjects were also compared by gender, age, biochemical parameters and body mass index. There was no statistical significant difference between the groups in any of those characteristics. When comparing the HP status of the subjects with the presence of arterial hypertension and diabetes, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups. Conclusion: This study showed negative correlation between HP infection and the length of hemodialysis program. Analysis of age, gender, body mass index, biochemical parameters, presence of arterial hypertension and/or diabetes showed no statistically significant difference was found between the hemodialysis patients who were HP positive and those who were HP negative. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the correlation mechanism between the HP infection and the duration of dialysis, in order to examine how long the dialysis time period is the most susceptible to HP infection, and then to improve the prognosis of patients with renal disease

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DURATION OF DIALYSIS AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY CLINICAL HOSPITAL MOSTAR

Introduction: Association of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection with the length of dialysis in dialysis patients is contradictory. This study was conducted in order to determine the association between the duration of dialysis and the HP infection status in the dialysis patients. Furthemore, biochemical parameters were monitored in two subject groups that were included in this study. Subjects and methods: The study included 51 patients on chronic hemodialysis program who had gastrointestinal symptoms. The subjects were divided in two groups per the length of dialysis treatment. In this study we analyzed age, gender, the time period since the onset of the chronic hemodialysis program, body mass index, biochemical parameters, and whether the patients have arterial hypertension and/or diabetes. The presence of HP antigen was determined in the stool samples with use of he UlcoGnost AG test plate. Results: The incidence of HP infection in hemodialysis patients, with some of the gastrointestinal symptoms, was 25.5%. Patients on hemodialysis for less than 24 months had lower incidence of HP infection than those on hemodialysis program for more than 24 months. HP positive and HP negative subjects were also compared by gender, age, biochemical parameters and body mass index. There was no statistical significant difference between the groups in any of those characteristics. When comparing the HP status of the subjects with the presence of arterial hypertension and diabetes, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups. Conclusion: This study showed negative correlation between HP infection and the length of hemodialysis program. Analysis of age, gender, body mass index, biochemical parameters, presence of arterial hypertension and/or diabetes showed no statistically significant difference was found between the hemodialysis patients who were HP positive and those who were HP negative. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the correlation mechanism between the HP infection and the duration of dialysis, in order to examine how long the dialysis time period is the most susceptible to HP infection, and then to improve the prognosis of patients with renal disease

THE EFFECT OF SHIFT WORK ON THE OVERALL HEALTH STATUS OF HOSPITAL-EMPLOYED NURSING STAFF IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Background: Nursing is a profession frequently organized around shift work in order to guarantee the continuity of care throughout the 24 hours. However, working in shifts is coupled with the desynchronization of circadian rhythms and may result in adverse effects on nurses heath.Our previous work has demonstrated the presence of increased stress levels, reduced coping abilities and diminished life enjoyment in shift work nurses in comparison to those working only in accordance with the daily schedule. Here we aimed to appraise the effects of shift work on their overall health status. Subjects and methods: We used a comparative cross-sectional approach on a sample of 157 hospital nursing professionals at the University Clinical Hospital Mostar. Study subjects were divided into two groups: a total of 51% study subjects were included in a specific type of shift work (i.e., 12-hour day shift / 24 hours off / 12-hour night shift / 48 hours off), while the remaining 49% adhered to the conventional 7-hour daily schedule. The instrument used was a Standard Shiftwork Index (SSI), together with a comprehensive appraisal of socio-demographic characteristics. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were applied, and statistical significance was set at p0.05 (two-sided). Results: The results have shown that nurses in shift work were significantly more burdened with gastrointestinal disturbances (p<0.001); more specifically, there was a higher frequency of appetite loss (p=0.003), heartburn (p=0.03), nausea (p<0.01) and weight gain (p=0.05) when compared to nursing professionals in the day shift. Conversely, there were no statistically significant differences in cardiovascular health between these two groups. In addition, nurses in shift work more frequently presented with headaches (p=0.001) and varicose veins of lower extremities (p=0.037) in comparison to nurses working only in accordance with the daily schedule. Conclusions: Shift work can adversely influence psychophysical homeostasis, resulting not only in substandard performance of nursing staff, but also potentially hazardous effects on their overall health status. More specifically, we recognized shift work as a substantial risk factor for gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders in nurses; likewise, the increased prevalence of headaches may consequently have a detrimental effect on social and family relationships. All of this should be tackled in a holistic and organized way, together with any additional psychological/sleep issues

Pension Literacy and Savings for the Third Age

Individualna odgovornost pojedinaca i privatna štednja za mirovinu postaju sve važniji za primjereno financiranje životnog standarda u trećoj životnoj dobi. No, za ulaganje u privatne oblike štednje za mirovinu pojedinci u radnoj dobi trebaju biti dovoljno mirovinski pismeni ili informirani. U ovom se radu na reprezentativnom uzorku aktivnih stanovnika u Hrvatskoj ispituju razlike između mirovinski nepismenih i mirovinski pismenih kao i povezanost mirovinske (ne)pismenosti s različitim vrstama privatne štednje za treću životnu dob. Skupina mirovinski nepismenih čini više od polovice radno-aktivnog stanovništva u Hrvatskoj. U odnosu na mirovinski pismene, oni se statistički značajno razlikuju prema određenim demografskim karakteristikama, stavovima i uvjerenjima te ponašanjima i namjerama prema štednji za starost. Jedan od najznačajnijih rezultata istraživanja jest da je mirovinska pismenost važan prediktor ne-klasičnih vrsta štednje što ukazuje na to da mirovinsko opismenjavanje može predstavljati značajan poticaj privatnoj štednji za mirovinu. Osim mirovinske pismenosti, značajan prediktor svih vrsta privatne štednje jest stav prema toj vrsti štednje što znači da podizanje povjerenja i primjerenosti kao odrednica stavova prema štednji za treću životnu dob predstavlja još jedan mogući put u poticanju privatne štednje.Individual responsibility and private savings for retirement are becoming increasingly important for the adequate financing of living standards in the third age. However, in order to invest in private forms of retirement savings, working age individuals should be sufficiently pension literate or informed. In this paper researchers examine the differences between pension literate and illiterate participants, as well as the link between pension (il)literacy and various types of private savings for the third age on a representative sample of active population in Croatia. Pension illiterate group makes more than a half of the active working population in Croatia. When compared to pension literate active population, they are statistically significantly different according to certain demographic characteristics, attitudes and beliefs, as well as behaviors and intentions towards savings for the old age. One of the most important findings is that the pension literacy is an important predictor of non-traditional types of savings, indicating that the pension literacy may represent a significant boost to private savings for retirement. In addition to pension literacy, a significant predictor of all types of private savings is the attitude towards a specific type of savings. This implies that raising measured elements of attitude, such as trust towards the specific type of savings for the third age and its perceived appropriateness, is another possible way to encourage private savings

Depression and Anxiety in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis in University Clinical Hospital Mostar

Depression and anxiety are prevailing mental problem in patients on chronic hemodialysis and they have great influence on outcome of illness. Additionally, these disorders are rarely identified in that population of patients and they are insufficiently treated. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients on chronic hemodialysis in University Clinical Hospital Mostar and to examine the correlation between the demographic variables and the time spent on dialysis with depression and anxiety levels. The experimental group consisted of 56 patients on chronic hemodialysis in Mostar Clinical Hospital. The control group 1 consisted of 53 patients diagnosed with a chronic illness and treated for at least a year, while the control group 2 consisted of 51 persons who were not diagnosed with any chronic somatic or mental illness. Demographic data were collected using the constructed questionnaire. The Beck Depression Inventory-BDI was used to determine depression, while the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-STAI was used to determine anxiety. We recorded significantly higher prevalence of depression in patients on chronic dialysis (51.8%) than in patients with a chronic illness (41.5%) and persons without chronic illnesses (9.8%; p<0.001). Trait anxiety level was significantly higher in hemodialysed patients compared to the other two groups (p=0.006) but there were no significant differences in state anxiety level. The study has not shown any significant difference in the prevalence of depression and anxiety level regarding the differences in sex, gender and education level, apart from a higher level of state anxiety in patients with a lower education level (p=0.032). These results indicate that patients on hemodialysis have a significantly higher level of depression and a higher level of trait anxiety compared to patients with chronic illnesses and especially compared to general population