Sensor Amperométrico Para Determinação Da Atividade Da Enzima Glutationa Redutase Em Hemolisado De Hemacias

Este processo descreve o desenvolvimento de um sistema amperométrico para dosagem da atividade da enzima glutationa redutase em hemolisado de hemácias. O substrato da enzima (GSSG), sua coenzima (NADPH) e um oxidante da glutationa reduzida (DTNB), diluídos em tampão fosfato/EDTA foram depositados em cima de uma membrana lipofílica disposta sobre 2 eletrodos de platina. A amperagem foi monitorada durante 3 minutos após a adição da amostra. A aplicabilidade deste sistema foi avaliada em amostras de hemolisado de hemácias e sua eficiência foi comparada com o método espectrofotométrico de dosagem da atividade da enzima. As vantagens deste novo método são a rapidez e confiabilidade do resultado e a facilidade de ser usado fora do laboratório, permitindo seu uso por profissionais do esporte e da medicina na avaliação de estresse oxidativo.BR0202893 (A)G01N33/573G01N33/573BR20020202893G01N33/573G01N33/57

AUTORES

Evaluation of household insecurity in Brazil: validity assessment in diverse sociocultural settings. 81 AbSTRACT The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the food insecurity and hunger scale of the USDa, to the Brazilian reality. Methods: after translation to Portuguese content and face validity was carried out in urban and rural population in 5 different states, considering the need to represent several socioeconomic and cultural realities. Content validity was developed with 5 panels of experts and 11 focus groups with community members. a quantitative validation was carried out with an intentional sample of 717 urban households from various income strata: middle, low middle, poor and very poor. rural sample was formed by 1150 families of rural permanent workers, temporary workers, traditional farmers, farmers of settlements of the agrarian reform, river bank farmers and farmers from remnants of "quilombos". The questionnaire included income and daily food intake variables. in rural areas we also measured agricultural production for sale and family consumption. Results: internal validity in urban and rural population was high; Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0,87 to 0,95. external validity was also high, the scale item response curves were parallel across the 4 income strata. Fi severity level was associated in a dose-response manner with income strata and the probability of daily intake of foods such as meat, dairy products, vegetables and fruits. Conclusion: the contribution of this study is a validated scale for the surveillance of food insecurity in urban and rural families, yielding a robust instrument for diagnosing the impact of the Brazilian social policies that aim to control hunger. Key words: Food security, validation, hunger. 3 82 RESUMO o acesso à alimentos em quantidade e qualidades adequados de forma permanente e sustentável constitui um dos direitos básicos das pessoas. o objetivo deste estudo foi validar e adequar a escala de insegurança alimentar e fome do USDa para a realidade sócio-cultural brasileira. Métodos: após tradução procedeu-se à validação qualitativa e quantitativa com a população urbana e rural em cinco estados, buscando representar as diferenças socioeconômicas e culturais brasileiras. a primeira com o uso de cinco painéis de especialistas e onze grupos focais nas comunidades e a segunda por meio de inquéritos populacionais com amostras intencionais. Na área urbana 717 famílias integraram a amostra compondo estratos de renda media, media baixa, baixa e muito baixa. a amostra rural incluiu 1150 famílias de trabalhadores rurais permanentes, temporários, agricultores tradicionais, de assentamentos de reforma agrária, agricultores ribeirinhos e remanescentes de quilombos. o instrumento incluiu renda e consumo diário de alimentos e na área rural variáveis de produção agrícola para comercialização e para auto-consumo. Resultados: a validade interna da escala de ia, medida pela estatística alfa de Cronbach foi alta (0,87 -0,95), tanto em população urbana como rural, foi corroborada pela observação de paralelismo entre as curvas de resposta positiva segundo estrato de renda. a validade externa, comportamento preditivo da escala, foi demonstrado pela relação dose-resposta entre níveis de insegurança e estratos de renda e a probabilidade de consumo diário de carne, verduras, derivados do leite e frutas (exceto na área rural do amazonas).Conclusão: a validação disponibilizou escala de medida da insegurança alimentar aplicável a famílias residentes em áreas urbanas e rurais do país, constituindo um instrumento robusto para diagnóstico dessa condição e acompanhamento das políticas de combate à fome no Brasil

Risk of adverse outcomes in offspring with RT-PCR confirmed prenatal Zika virus exposure: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 13 cohorts in the Zika Brazilian Cohorts ConsortiumResearch in context

Summary: Background: Knowledge regarding the risks associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infections in pregnancy has relied on individual studies with relatively small sample sizes and variable risk estimates of adverse outcomes, or on surveillance or routinely collected data. Using data from the Zika Brazilian Cohorts Consortium, this study aims, to estimate the risk of adverse outcomes among offspring of women with RT-PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection during pregnancy and to explore heterogeneity between studies. Methods: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis of the offspring of 1548 pregnant women from 13 studies, using one and two-stage meta-analyses to estimate the absolute risks. Findings: Of the 1548 ZIKV-exposed pregnancies, the risk of miscarriage was 0.9%, while the risk of stillbirth was 0.3%. Among the pregnancies with liveborn children, the risk of prematurity was 10,5%, the risk of low birth weight was 7.7, and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) was 16.2%. For other abnormalities, the absolute risks were: 2.6% for microcephaly at birth or first evaluation, 4.0% for microcephaly at any time during follow-up, 7.9% for neuroimaging abnormalities, 18.7% for functional neurological abnormalities, 4.0% for ophthalmic abnormalities, 6.4% for auditory abnormalities, 0.6% for arthrogryposis, and 1.5% for dysphagia. This risk was similar in all sites studied and in different socioeconomic conditions, indicating that there are not likely to be other factors modifying this association. Interpretation: This study based on prospectively collected data generates the most robust evidence to date on the risks of congenital ZIKV infections over the early life course. Overall, approximately one-third of liveborn children with prenatal ZIKV exposure presented with at least one abnormality compatible with congenital infection, while the risk to present with at least two abnormalities in combination was less than 1.0%. Funding: National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - Brazil (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq); Wellcome Trust and the United Kingdom's Department for International Development; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program; Medical Research Council on behalf of the Newton Fund and Wellcome Trust; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Foundation Christophe et Rodolphe Mérieux; Coordination for the improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Capes); Ministry of Health of Brazil; Brazilian Department of Science and Technology; Foundation of Research Support of the State of São Paulo (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – FAPESP); Foundation of Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – FAPERJ); Foundation of Support for Research and Scientific and Technological Development of Maranhão; Evandro Chagas Institute/Brazilian Ministry of Health (Instituto Evandro Chagas/Ministério da Saúde); Foundation of Research Support of the State of Goiás (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás – FAPEG); Foundation of Research Support of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul – FAPERGS); Foundation to Support Teaching, Research and Assistance at Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (Fundação de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Assistência do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto); São Paulo State Department of Health (Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo); Support Foundation of Pernambuco Science and Technology (Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco – FACEPE)

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2010: volume 4: as disciplinas escolares, os temas transversais e o processo de educação

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora