Electrooptic Observation of the Goldstone and Soft Modes near the SmA-SmC_A^* Phase Transition

In order to investigate the details of the molecular fluctuation behavior around the SmA-SmC_A^* phase transition point, we have carried out electrooptic measurements in 4-(1-trifluoromethvlheptyloxy-carbonyl) phenyl-4\u27-octyloxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate, which undergoes a phase transition directly from SmA to SmC_A^*, as functions of temperature and frequency. The relaxation due to the Goldstone mode was clearly observed in the SmC_A^* phase. We found that the optical signal due to the Goldstone mode vanishes at a certain temperature in the antiferroelectric SmC_A^* phase. The helix distortion due to the antiferroelectric Goldstone mode excited by an electric field is discussed

FUJITA CONJECTURE AND NUMERICAL EQUIVALENCE

In this article the authors show the proofs of conjectures formulated by Fujita ([6]) and propose to adopt numerical equivalence classes of divisors in place of linear equivalence classes when classifying algebraic varieties, since Enault-Viehweg type vanishing theorems ([11] hold up to numerical equivalence. Zariski decomposition are treated in numerical equivalence. 0ne of the main concerns in birational geometry is whether the amplitude of the variation of fibres should be bounded above by the difference between the relative Kodaira dimensions of the whole and the generic fibre ([10], [11]). This theme can be transferred to new relative Kodaira dimensions defined by numerical equivalence classes ([9])

Humanistic Aspects of Learning opportunity for CALLL : Language Learning Strategies and Aspect of Multiple Intelligence

This paper illustrates an idea of language learning strategies combined with CALLL (Computer Assisted Language Learning Laboratory) for the activation of all the aspects of intelligence. CALLL proposes different cognitive styles and changes language classroom situation dramatically. It will carry out both production-oriented approaches and process-oriented approaches. CALLL provides what CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning) has not been able to, that is, HUMANISTIC ASPECTS OF LEARNING OPPORTUNITY. Finally, this paper introduces an on-going preparation for the Media Mix Education System (MMES) at Tokyo Kogei University (Tokyo Institute of Polytechnics)

A Fundamental Study on the Screenless Lithography : A View of the Mechanisms of Continuous Tone Reproduction

The author approached the mechanisms of continuous tone reproduction in the screenless lithography from the side of sensitizing agents. A commonly used o-quinone diazide compound was adapted as sensitizing agent, with which a grainless cleaned aluminum sheet was coated. Effects of chemical and physical changes of the photosensitive coatings by UV rays irradiation on continuous tone reproduction were investigated by means of IR spectral analysis, wettability with water, profiling and micrographing the plate surfaces and densitometry of a printed color. In order to eliminate any undesirable factor for the subject, smooth-faced grainless aluminum plates were used as the substrates. The results are summarized as follows. 1) Ink receptivity and film thickness of photosensitive coatings after exposure and development decreased as the amount of exposure increased. 2)The structural changes of the coatings were micrographically observed as follows ; cracks appear at first, then follows a network construction, spots remain dispersed and eventually these spots disappear from the plate as the amount of exposure increased

Symbolic and Non-Symbolic Knowledge Representation

In order to integrate connectionist models and symbolic AI techniques, knowledge must be represented in an appropriate form. In this paper, we introduce the general characteristics of the different types of knowledge representation and the integration possibility

The Effects of Methylated Cyclodextrins on the Transphosphorylation among AMP, ADP and ATP in the Presence of Escherichia Coli

Transphosphorylation, 2ADP⇄AMP+ATP, occurred in the presence of intact Escherichia coli (E. coli. strain K-12) in neutral phosphate buffer solution, because adenylate kinase existed in both cytoplasma and periplasma of E. coli. Cyclodextrin(CD)s accelerated the transphosphorylation. The reaction rate depended on the concentration of CD and the kind of CD. Methylated CDs were more effective than parent CD, especially, hiptakis-(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-CD(DMCD) was most effective. Addition of CDs makes neither change of E. coli concentration nor the leak of adenylate kinase from periplasma of E. coli

Visual Influence of Additive Color Mixture in reconstructed Hologram Images using He-Cd Laser and Dichroic Mirrors

A blue white beam of commercially available He-Cd laser can be divided into the three primary color beams of light, i. e., R/G/B beam components using a set of dichroic mirrors. The dichroic mirror is widely used for color TV cameras to separate the visual image into its three primary color components. In this study, an influence of additive color mixture in two types of reconstructed hologram images is checked through the optical experiments using the He-Cd laser and dichroic mirrors. The visual appearances and deteriorations of reconstructed color images owing to the cross-talk called overlapped or ghost image are discussed as for the optical Fresnel hologram and computer generated FTH (Fourier Transform Hologram)

Minimum Reynolds Number for the Relaxation of Similarity Requirements for Predicting Room Air Distribution

Strict similarity for the prediction of velocity and temperature distributions in an airconditioned room requires the equalities of both the Reynolds number and Archimedes number in both model and prototype. In actual model experiment, however, it is very difficult to satisfy these strict similarity requirements. In the present paper, a minimum Reynolds number is suggested above which it is possible to neglect the Reynolds number from the strict similaritv requirements without considerable error. This minimum Reynolds number was determined by measuring velocity distributions and observing the air now patterns in three geometrically similar models and found to be about 7000, within the limits of the experiment

Teaching the Use of Discourse Types in Academic Writings

The discourse types the students use depend on the types of the writing tasks. In the creative type of writing tasks students used less academic type of writing styles which lack the supportive evidences for their author\u27s points. On the contrary, in the library research type of the task they frequently quoted the papers of authorities, which contain structural organization of an academic discourse