Fusion of Pedigreed Preferential Relations

AbstractBelief fusion, instead of AGM belief revision, was first proposed to solve the problem of inconsistency, that arise from repetitive application of the operation when agents' knowledge were amalgamated. However in the theory, all the sources must be totally ordered and thus applicable area is quite restrictive. In this paper, we realize the belief fusion of multiple agents for partially ordered sources. When we consider such a partial ranking over sources, there is no need to restrict that each agent has total preorders over possible worlds. The preferential model allows each agent to have strict partial orders over possible worlds. Especially, such an order is called a preferential relation, that prescribes a world is more plausible than the other. We introduce an operation which combines multiple preferential relations of agents. In addition, we show that our operation can properly include the ordinary belief fusion

Mechanisms of Glomerular Albumin Filtration and Tubular Reabsorption

Albumin is filtered through the glomerulus with a sieving coefficient of 0.00062, which results in approximately 3.3 g of albumin filtered daily in human kidneys. The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs 71%, the loop of Henle and distal tubule 23%, and collecting duct 3% of the glomerular filtered albumin, thus indicating that the kidney plays an important role in protein metabolism. Dysfunction of albumin reabsorption in the proximal tubules, due to reduced megalin expression, may explain the microalbuminuria in early-stage diabetes. Meanwhile, massive nonselective proteinuria is ascribed to various disorders of the glomerular filtration barrier, including podocyte detachment, glomerular basement membrane rupture, and slit diaphragm dysfunction in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, and other glomerulonephritis. Selective albuminuria associated with foot process effacement and tight junction-like slit alteration is observed in the patients with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome, and the albumin uptake is enhanced in the podocyte cell body, possibly mediated by albumin receptors in the low-dose puromycin model. The role of enhanced podocyte albumin transport needs to be investigated to elucidate the mechanism of the selective albuminuria in minimal-change disease

Personalizing a Concept Similarity Measure in the Description Logic ELH with Preference Profile

Concept similarity measure aims at identifying a degree of commonality of two given concepts and is often regarded as a generalization of the classical reasoning problem of equivalence. That is, any two concepts are equivalent if and only if their similarity degree is one. However, existing measures are often devised based on objective factors, e.g. structural-based measures and interpretation-based measures. When these measures are employed to characterize similar concepts in an ontology, they may lead to unintuitive results. In this work, we introduce a new notion called concept similarity measure under preference profile with a set of formally defined properties in Description Logics. This new notion may be interpreted as measuring the similarity of two concepts under subjective factors (e.g. the agent's preferences and domain-dependent knowledge). We also develop a measure of the proposed notion and show that our measure satisfies all desirable properties. Two algorithmic procedures are introduced for top-down and bottom-up implementation, respectively, and their computational complexities are intensively studied. Finally, the paper discusses the usefulness of the approach to potential use cases

Maturity of ascostroma and spore dispersal of tar spot pathogen on Salix polaris in Ny-Ålesund

第3回極域科学シンポジウム/第34回極域生物シンポジウム 11月27日（火） 国立極地研究所 ３階ラウン

8+8=4: Formalizing Time Units to Handle Symbolic Music Durations

This paper focuses on the nominal durations of musical events (notes and rests) in a symbolic musical score, and on how to conveniently handle these in computer applications. We propose the usage of a temporal unit that is directly related to the graphical symbols in musical scores and pair this with a set of operations that cover typical computations in music applications. We formalize this time unit and the more commonly used approach in a single mathematical framework, as semirings, algebraic structures that enable an abstract description of algorithms/processing pipelines. We then discuss some practical use cases and highlight when our system can improve such pipelines by making them more efficient in terms of data type used and the number of computations.Comment: In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Computer Music Multidisciplinary Research (CMMR 2023), Tokyo, Japa

No Longer ‘Somewhat Arbitrary’:Calculating Salience in GTTM-Style Reduction

Following earlier work on the formalisation of Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s Generative Theory of Tonal Music (GTTM), we present a measure of the salience of events in a reduction tree, based on calculations relating the duration of time-spans to the structure of the tree. This allows for the proper graphical rendition of a tree on the basis of its time-spans and topology alone. It also has the potential to contribute to the development of sophisticated digital library systems able to operate on music in a musically intelligent manner. We present results of an empirical study of branch heights in the figures in GTTM which shows that salience calculated according to our proposals correlates better with branch height than alternatives. We also discuss the possible musical significance of this measure of salience. Finally we compare some results using salience in the calculation of melodic similarity on the basis of reduction trees to earlier results using time-span. While the correlation between these measures and human ratings of the similarity of the melodies is poor, using salience shows a definite improvement. Overall, the results suggest that the proposed definition of salience gives a potentially useful measure of an event’s importance in a musical structure

Genetic diversity of Melampsora on Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard, Norway

第6回極域科学シンポジウム[OB] 極域生物圏11月16日（月）　国立極地研究所１階交流アトリウ