854 research outputs found
Hodgkin Lymphoma at the Paediatric Oncology Unit of Gabriel Touré Teaching Hospital, Bamako, Mali: 5-Year Experience
Introduction. The aim of this retrospective, unicentric study over 5 years is to describe the epidemiologic, pathologic, clinic and therapeutic aspects of children treated for Hodgkin lymphoma in our paediatric oncology unit. Patients and Methods. From January 2005 to December 2009, all children under 18 years of age, with Hodgkin lymphoma were included in this study. The treatment protocol was the GFAOP (Groupe FrancoâAfricain d'Oncologie PĂ©diatrique) Hodgkin lymphoma treatment protocol. Results. During the study period, 217 cancer cases were diagnosed in our centre. Of these cases, 7 were Hodgkin Lymphoma (LH) (0.04%). The mean age was 11.7 years. The sex-ratio was 6/1. 4% (5/7) of patients were stage IIB and 28.6% (2/7) stage IIIB of Ann-Arbor classification. There were 3 cases (42.8%) of sclero-nodular subtype, 2 cases (28.6%) of lymphocyte-rich classical HL subtype, 1 case (14.3%) of mixed cellularity and 1 case (14.3%) of lymphocyte depleted subtype. With a median followup of 37 months, 5 patients (71.4%) are alive, and 2 patients (28.6%) died. Conclusion. Broader multicentric studies are needed for more accurate data on this malignancy
Dietary patterns and changes in body composition in children between 9 and 11 years
Objective: Childhood obesity is rising and dietary intake is a potentially modifiable factor that plays an important role in its development. We aim to investigate the association between dietary patterns, obtained through principal components analysis and gains in fat and lean mass in childhood. Design : Diet diaries at 10 years of age collected from children taking part in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at 9 and 11. Setting: Longitudinal birth cohort. Subjects: 3911 children with complete data. Results: There was an association between the Health Aware (positive loadings on high-fiber bread, and fruits and vegetables; negative loadings on chips, crisps, processed meat, and soft drinks) pattern score and decreased fat mass gain in girls. After adjusting for confounders, an increase of 1 standard deviation (sd) in this score led to an estimated 1.2% decrease in fat mass gain in valid-reporters and 2.1% in under-reporters. A similar decrease was found only in under-reporting boys. There was also an association between the Packed Lunch (high consumption of white bread, sandwich fillings, and snacks) pattern score and decreased fat mass gain (1.1% per sd) in valid-reporting but not under-reporting girls. The main association with lean mass gain was an increase with Packed Lunch pattern score in valid-reporting boys only. Conclusions: There is a small association between dietary patterns and change in fat mass in mid-childhood. Differences between under- and valid-reporters emphasize the need to consider valid-reporters separately in such studies. © 2014 Andrew D. A. C. Smith et al
MORBIDITE ET MORTALITE CHEZ LES ENFANTS DE 01 A 59 MOIS HOSPITALISES AU SERVICE DE PEDIATRIE GENERALE DU CHU GABRIEL TOURE DE JANVIER A DECEMBRE 2013
Objectif : Ce travail visait à étudier la morbidité et la mortalité chez les enfants ùgés de 01 à 59 mois hospitalisés dans le service de pédiatrie générale du CHU Gabriel Touré.
MatĂ©riels et MĂ©thodes : Il sâagissait dâune Ă©tude rĂ©trospective, descriptive, sur une pĂ©riode de 12 mois allant du 1er janvier au 31 dĂ©cembre 2013.
RĂ©sultats : Nous avons inclus 1625 enfants ĂągĂ©s de 01 Ă 59 mois soit 58% des patients hospitalisĂ©s. Le tiers des patients avait moins dâun an. Les garçons reprĂ©sentaient 57 % de notre Ă©chantillon avec un sex ratio de 1,33. La majoritĂ© des patients (83%) Ă©tait issu de milieu social dĂ©favorisĂ©. Les principaux diagnostics retrouvĂ©s Ă©taient le paludisme (45%), les infections respiratoires aiguĂ«s (20,30%), et la malnutrition aiguĂ« sĂ©vĂšre (20,06%). Les patients guĂ©ris reprĂ©sentaient 82,3% et le taux de mortalitĂ© Ă©tait estimĂ© Ă 3,3%. La majoritĂ© des patients dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s Ă©tait des filles (51%). Les dĂ©cĂšs Ă©taient plus frĂ©quents en juillet et aout. Les trois principales causes de dĂ©cĂšs Ă©taient la malnutrition (47%), le paludisme (32%) et les infections respiratoires aigĂŒes (19%). Nous avons enregistrĂ© 48 sorties contre avis mĂ©dical (3%) et 81 cas dâĂ©vasion (5%).
Conclusion : La morbiditĂ© et la mortalitĂ© en pĂ©diatrie restent prĂ©occupantes dans notre pratique. Elles sont liĂ©es Ă des affections pour la plupart Ă©vitables par lâinformation, lâĂ©ducation et la communication
Prospect for Charge Current Neutrino Interactions Measurements at the CERN-PS
Tensions in several phenomenological models grew with experimental results on
neutrino/antineutrino oscillations at Short-Baseline (SBL) and with the recent,
carefully recomputed, antineutrino fluxes from nuclear reactors. At a
refurbished SBL CERN-PS facility an experiment aimed to address the open issues
has been proposed [1], based on the technology of imaging in ultra-pure
cryogenic Liquid Argon (LAr). Motivated by this scenario a detailed study of
the physics case was performed. We tackled specific physics models and we
optimized the neutrino beam through a full simulation. Experimental aspects not
fully covered by the LAr detection, i.e. the measurements of the lepton charge
on event-by-event basis and their energy over a wide range, were also
investigated. Indeed the muon leptons from Charged Current (CC) (anti-)neutrino
interactions play an important role in disentangling different phenomenological
scenarios provided their charge state is determined. Also, the study of muon
appearance/disappearance can benefit of the large statistics of CC muon events
from the primary neutrino beam. Results of our study are reported in detail in
this proposal. We aim to design, construct and install two Spectrometers at
"NEAR" and "FAR" sites of the SBL CERN-PS, compatible with the already proposed
LAr detectors. Profiting of the large mass of the two Spectrometers their
stand-alone performances have also been exploited.Comment: 70 pages, 38 figures. Proposal submitted to SPS-C, CER
Accounting students' IT applicaton skills over a 10-year period
This paper reports on the changing nature of a range of information technology (IT) application skills that students declare on entering an accounting degree over the period from 1996 to 2006. Accounting educators need to be aware of the IT skills students bring with them to university because of the implications this has for learning and teaching within the discipline and the importance of both general and specific IT skills within the practice and craft of accounting. Additionally, IT skills constitute a significant element within the portfolio of employability skills that are increasingly demanded by employers and emphasized within the overall Higher Education (HE) agenda. The analysis of students' reported IT application skills on entry to university, across a range of the most relevant areas of IT use in accounting, suggest that their skills have continued to improve over time. However, there are significant differential patterns of change through the years and within cohorts. The paper addresses the generalizability of these findings and discusses the implications of these factors for accounting educators, including the importance of recognising the differences that are potentially masked by the general increase in skills; the need for further research into the changing nature, and implications, of the gender gap in entrants' IT application skills; and the low levels of entrants' spreadsheet and database skills that are a cause for concern
An optically stimulated superconducting-like phase in K3C60 far above equilibrium Tc
The control of non-equilibrium phenomena in complex solids is an important
research frontier, encompassing new effects like light induced
superconductivity. Here, we show that coherent optical excitation of molecular
vibrations in the organic conductor K3C60 can induce a non-equilibrium state
with the optical properties of a superconductor. A transient gap in the real
part of the optical conductivity and a low-frequency divergence of the
imaginary part are measured for base temperatures far above equilibrium Tc=20
K. These findings underscore the role of coherent light fields in inducing
emergent order.Comment: 40 pages, 23 figure
La bronchiolite aiguë du nourrisson: à propos de 112 cas hospitalisés au département pédiatrie du CHU Gabriel Touré
Introduction : Les infections respiratoires aiguĂ«s (IRA) constituent lâune des principales causes de morbiditĂ© et de mortalitĂ© infantile au Mali. Lâobjectif de ce travail Ă©tait de dĂ©crire les aspects Ă©pidĂ©miologiques, cliniques et thĂ©rapeutiques de la bronchiolite aiguĂ« du nourrisson au service de pĂ©diatrie du CHU Gabriel TourĂ©.
MĂ©thodologie: Il sâagit dâune Ă©tude rĂ©trospective portant sur 112 nourrissons ĂągĂ©s de 1 Ă 24 mois hospitalisĂ©s dans le service de pĂ©diatrie gĂ©nĂ©rale pour bronchiolite aiguĂ«. LâĂ©tude sâĂ©talait sur une pĂ©riode dâun an (du 1er janvier au 31 dĂ©cembre 2012).
RĂ©sultats: Les nourrissons ĂągĂ©s de 1 Ă 6 mois Ă©taient majoritaires (69%). LâĂąge moyen des patients Ă©tait de 6 mois avec des extrĂȘmes de 1 et 24 mois. Le sexe masculin Ă©tait prĂ©dominant (63%) avec un sex-ratio de 1,73. Le principal motif de consultation Ă©tait la difficultĂ© respiratoire (87%). Le pic dâhospitalisation Ă©tait au mois de novembre (33%). Les principaux signes cliniques en plus des sibilants Ă©taient la toux, la rhinorrhĂ©e et la dĂ©tresse respiratoire (97%). La fiĂšvre Ă©tait prĂ©sente dans 38% des cas et la cyanose chez 4% des patients. La saturation en oxygĂšne Ă©tait infĂ©rieure Ă 94% chez 50% des patients. La kinĂ©sithĂ©rapie respiratoire a Ă©tĂ© faite chez un tiers des malades. Tous les malades avaient reçu une corticothĂ©rapie et une nĂ©bulisation avec du salbutamol et sĂ©rum physiologique. Une antibiothĂ©rapie a Ă©tĂ© faite chez 85% des patients. La durĂ©e moyenne dâhospitalisation Ă©tait de 6 jours avec des extrĂȘmes de 1 et 30 jours. Le taux de guĂ©rison Ă©tait de 98 %.
Conclusion : La bronchiolite est une pathologie bénigne et fréquente chez le nourrisson de 1 à 6 mois qui évolue favorablement dans la majorité des cas
Prospects for the measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance at the FNAL-Booster
Neutrino physics is nowadays receiving more and more attention as a possible
source of information for the long-standing problem of new physics beyond the
Standard Model. The recent measurement of the mixing angle in the
standard mixing oscillation scenario encourages us to pursue the still missing
results on leptonic CP violation and absolute neutrino masses. However,
puzzling measurements exist that deserve an exhaustive evaluation. The NESSiE
Collaboration has been setup to undertake conclusive experiments to clarify the
muon-neutrino disappearance measurements at small , which will be able to
put severe constraints to models with more than the three-standard neutrinos,
or even to robustly measure the presence of a new kind of neutrino oscillation
for the first time. To this aim the use of the current FNAL-Booster neutrino
beam for a Short-Baseline experiment has been carefully evaluated. This
proposal refers to the use of magnetic spectrometers at two different sites,
Near and Far. Their positions have been extensively studied, together with the
possible performances of two OPERA-like spectrometers. The proposal is
constrained by availability of existing hardware and a time-schedule compatible
with the CERN project for a new more performant neutrino beam, which will
nicely extend the physics results achievable at the Booster. The possible FNAL
experiment will allow to clarify the current disappearance tension
with appearance and disappearance at the eV mass scale. Instead, a new
CERN neutrino beam would allow a further span in the parameter space together
with a refined control of systematics and, more relevant, the measurement of
the antineutrino sector, by upgrading the spectrometer with detectors currently
under R&D study.Comment: 76 pages, 52 figure
Search for anomalies in the neutrino sector with muon spectrometers and large LArTPC imaging detectors at CERN
A new experiment with an intense ~2 GeV neutrino beam at CERN SPS is proposed
in order to definitely clarify the possible existence of additional neutrino
states, as pointed out by neutrino calibration source experiments, reactor and
accelerator experiments and measure the corresponding oscillation parameters.
The experiment is based on two identical LAr-TPCs complemented by magnetized
spectrometers detecting electron and muon neutrino events at Far and Near
positions, 1600 m and 300 m from the proton target, respectively. The ICARUS
T600 detector, the largest LAr-TPC ever built with a size of about 600 ton of
imaging mass, now running in the LNGS underground laboratory, will be moved at
the CERN Far position. An additional 1/4 of the T600 detector (T150) will be
constructed and located in the Near position. Two large area spectrometers will
be placed downstream of the two LAr-TPC detectors to perform charge
identification and muon momentum measurements from sub-GeV to several GeV
energy range, greatly complementing the physics capabilities. This experiment
will offer remarkable discovery potentialities, collecting a very large number
of unbiased events both in the neutrino and antineutrino channels, largely
adequate to definitely settle the origin of the observed neutrino-related
anomalies.Comment: Contribution to the European Strategy for Particle Physics - Open
Symposium Preparatory Group, Kracow 10-12 September 201
Final results of magnetic monopole searches with the MACRO experiment
We present the final results obtained by the MACRO experiment in the search
for GUT magnetic monopoles in the penetrating cosmic radiation, for the range
. Several searches with all the MACRO sub-detectors
(i.e. scintillation counters, limited streamer tubes and nuclear track
detectors) were performed, both in stand alone and combined ways. No candidates
were detected and a 90% Confidence Level (C.L.) upper limit to the local
magnetic monopole flux was set at the level of cm
s sr. This result is the first experimental limit obtained in
direct searches which is well below the Parker bound in the whole range
in which GUT magnetic monopoles are expected.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, 9 figures and 2 Table
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