Rotating Resonator-Oscillator Experiments to Test Lorentz Invariance in Electrodynamics

In this work we outline the two most commonly used test theories (RMS and SME) for testing Local Lorentz Invariance (LLI) of the photon. Then we develop the general framework of applying these test theories to resonator experiments with an emphasis on rotating experiments in the laboratory. We compare the inherent sensitivity factors of common experiments and propose some new configurations. Finally we apply the test theories to the rotating cryogenic experiment at the University of Western Australia, which recently set new limits in both the RMS and SME frameworks [hep-ph/0506074].Comment: Submitted to Lecture Notes in Physics, 36 pages, minor modifications, updated list of reference

Improved test of Lorentz Invariance in Electrodynamics using Rotating Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators

We present new results from our test of Lorentz invariance, which compares two orthogonal cryogenic sapphire microwave oscillators rotating in the lab. We have now acquired over 1 year of data, allowing us to avoid the short data set approximation (less than 1 year) that assumes no cancelation occurs between the $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}$ and $\tilde{\kappa}_{o+}$ parameters from the photon sector of the standard model extension. Thus, we are able to place independent limits on all eight $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}$ and $\tilde{\kappa}_{o+}$ parameters. Our results represents up to a factor of 10 improvement over previous non rotating measurements (which independently constrained 7 parameters), and is a slight improvement (except for $\tilde{\kappa}_{e-}^{ZZ}$) over results from previous rotating experiments that assumed the short data set approximation. Also, an analysis in the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl framework allows us to place a new limit on the isotropy parameter $P_{MM}=\delta-\beta+{1/2}$ of $9.4(8.1)\times10^{-11}$, an improvement of a factor of 2.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Kinetics of recovery from anhydrobiosis in Pratylenchus thornei, Merlinius brevidens and Heterodera avenae from dry field soils and dry roots of the host plant

Le comportement de #Pratylenchus thornei, Merlinius brevidens et #Heterodera avenae dans un sol particulièrement sec du sud de l'Espagne a été étudié, après la saison d'été. Six périodes de récupération, allant jusqu'à 135 h de réhydratation suivie de migration, permettent de récupérer plus de 95 % de la population de #Merlinius$. Mais, pour "P. thornei$ - qui semble l'espèce dominante et la plus importante dans la zone considérée - la récupération au taux de 95 %, après culture de blé var, yecora, n'est atteinte qu'après douze périodes, et 279 h, pour autant que toutes les racines présentes dans le sol soient elles aussi traitées. Les #Pratylenchus survivant dans les racines desséchées du blé semblent être la cause de pertes de récolte encore inexpliquées atteignant cette culture. #Heterodera avenae ne paraît jouer qu'un rôle secondaire dans ces sols secs. (Résumé d'auteur

On the field anhydrobiotic ability of Pratylenchis thornei and Merlinius brevidens

La présente étude du comportement anhydrobiotique de #Pratylenchus thornei et de #Merlinius brevidens a été réalisée dans un champ non irrigué de blé cv. Gallareta, variété considérée comme non-hôte ou mauvais hôte pour ces nématodes. #P. thornei paraît plus dépendant de l'humidité du sol que #M. brevidens en ce qui concerne sa récupération après 15 h de migration (réhydratation, réactivation et migration). #M. brevidens sort plus facilement de son état anhydrobiotique. Les schémas d'émergence sont semblables pour les deux nématodes qu'ils soient actifs ou récupérés après une anhydrobiose prononcée. Ces schémas sont par contre différents s'il s'agit d'un stade précoce d'anhydrobiose (anhydrobiose modérée). Les deux nématodes font montre, en relation avec la profondeur du sol, d'une inertie à entrer en anhydrobiose qui paraît dépendre des processus naturels de dessiccation du sol du champ. Cette inertie semble plus prononcée chez #M. brevidens. (Résumé d'auteur

Relativity tests by complementary rotating Michelson-Morley experiments

We report Relativity tests based on data from two simultaneous Michelson-Morley experiments, spanning a period of more than one year. Both were actively rotated on turntables. One (in Berlin, Germany) uses optical Fabry-Perot resonators made of fused silica; the other (in Perth, Australia) uses microwave whispering-gallery sapphire resonators. Within the standard model extension, we obtain simultaneous limits on Lorentz violation for electrons (5 coefficients) and photons (8) at levels down to $10^{-16}$, improved by factors between 3 and 50 compared to previous work.Comment: 5 pages revtex, 2 figure

La institucionalidad de las Juntas Parroquiales Rurales, su perspectiva en el desarrollo político, social y económico ecuatoriano

El reconocimiento para la Junta Parroquial Rural ha perdurado en la historia, con diferentes atribuciones y responsabilidades como la realización de obras, manejo de recursos económicos, arbitraje, conciliación y control de los fondos destinados a las obras en su jurisdicción, así como de intermediaria entre la población las municipales y los consejos provinciales. Sin embargo, pese a los constantes esfuerzos para desarrollar el país y mejorar el funcionamiento de sus instituciones en la administración pública, todavía subsiste una falta de claridad en los roles de los distintos niveles de gobierno. Cabe mencionar que el Estado está altamente centralizado, buena parte de las decisiones políticas, económicas y sociales se toman en las ciudades de Quito y/o Guayaquil, donde los Ministerios todavía mantienen muchas competencias y responsabilidades que por su cercanía a la ciudadanía deberían ejecutarse con mayor eficiencia y eficacia en los gobiernos seccionales autónomos. Es fundamental conocer que el territorio ecuatoriano es indivisible, que la administración del Estado y su representación política se realiza a través de provincias, cantones, parroquias y circunscripciones territoriales indígenas y afroecuatorianas. En este contexto, la división administrativo seccional de la organización territorial del Estado, se ha reconocido la existencia de dos Regímenes Seccionales: los Dependientes y los Autónomos, estas conforman y constituyen la organización territorial del Ecuador como lo dispone el Título XI de la Constitución de la República del país.1. Diagnóstico y planteamiento del problema 2.Enfoque teórico 3. EL Presupuesto Participativo 4. Normas y principios de Administración Financiera Pública 5. Aplicación Financiera en las Juntas Parroquiales Rurales 6. Conclusiones y Recomendaciones

Energy level shift of quantum systems via the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect

A novel version of the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect is proposed where the quantum system which picks up the Aharonov-Bohm phase is confined to a Faraday cage with a time varying, spatially uniform scalar potential. The electric and magnetic fields in this region are effectively zero for the entire period of the experiment. The observable consequence of this version of the electric Aharonov-Bohmn effect is to shift the energy levels of the quantum system rather than shift the fringes of the 2-slit interference pattern. We show a strong mathematical connection between this version of the scalar electric AB effect and the AC Stark effect.Comment: 14 pages revtex, 4 figures. Added references and changes made to address referee comments. To be published in PR

Recent Experimental Tests of Special Relativity

We review our recent Michelson-Morley (MM) and Kennedy-Thorndike (KT) experiment, which tests Lorentz invariance in the photon sector, and report first results of our ongoing atomic clock test of Lorentz invariance in the matter sector. The MM-KT experiment compares a cryogenic microwave resonator to a hydrogen maser, and has set the most stringent limit on a number of parameters in alternative theories to special relativity. We also report first results of a test of Lorentz invariance in the SME (Standard Model Extension) matter sector, using Zeeman transitions in a laser cooled Cs atomic fountain clock. We describe the experiment together with the theoretical model and analysis. Recent experimental results are presented and we give a first estimate of components of the $\tilde{c}^p$ parameters of the SME matter sector. A full analysis of systematic effects is still in progress, and will be the subject of a future publication together with our final results. If confirmed, the present limits would correspond to first ever measurements of some $\tilde{c}^p$ components, and improvements by 11 and 14 orders of magnitude on others.Comment: 29 pages. Contribution to Springer Lecture Notes, "Special Relativity - Will it survive the next 100 years ?", Proceedings, Potsdam, 200