Maharam's problem

We construct an exhaustive submeasure that is not equivalent to a measure. This solves problems of J. von Neumann (1937) and D. Maharam (1947)

Risk Perceptions of Arsenic in Tap Water and Consumption of Bottled Water

The demand for bottled water has increased rapidly over the past decade, but bottled water is extremely costly compared to tap water. The convenience of bottled water surely matters to consumers, but are others factors at work? This manuscript examines whether purchases of bottled water are associated with the perceived risk of tap water. All of the past studies on bottled water consumption have used simple scale measures of perceived risk that do not correspond to risk measures used by risk analysts. We elicit a probability-based measure of risk and find that as perceived risks rise, expenditures for bottled water rise.Environmental Economics and Policy, Risk and Uncertainty, Q25, Q53, I12,

Will mobile video become the killer application for 3G? - an empirical model for media convergence

Mobile carriers have continually rolled out 3G mobile video applications to increase their revenue and profits. The presumption is that video is superior to the already successful SMS, ringtones, and pictures, and can create greater value to users. However, recent market surveys revealed contradicting results. Motivated by this discrepancy, we propose in this paper a parsimonious model for user acceptance of mobile entertainment as digital convergence. Integrating research on Information Systems, Flow, and Media Psychology, we take a unique approach to user acceptance of digital convergence - platform migration. Our key proposition is that the interaction between media types and the platform-specific constraints is the key determinant of user evaluation. Particularly, users' involvement in the media is determined by both the entertaining time span on the original platform and the attentional constraint of the new platform. The mismatch between the two spans can result in lower level involvement, which in turn cause no or even negative user emotional responses. The model was tested with empirical data. We discuss the theoretical contributions, strategic and design implications, and future research directions derived from this theoretical framewor

On the non-integrability of the Popowicz peakon system

We consider a coupled system of Hamiltonian partial differential equations introduced by Popowicz, which has the appearance of a two-field coupling between the Camassa-Holm and Degasperis-Procesi equations. The latter equations are both known to be integrable, and admit peaked soliton (peakon) solutions with discontinuous derivatives at the peaks. A combination of a reciprocal transformation with Painlev\'e analysis provides strong evidence that the Popowicz system is non-integrable. Nevertheless, we are able to construct exact travelling wave solutions in terms of an elliptic integral, together with a degenerate travelling wave corresponding to a single peakon. We also describe the dynamics of N-peakon solutions, which is given in terms of an Hamiltonian system on a phase space of dimension 3N.Comment: 8 pages, AIMS class file. Proceedings of AIMS conference on Dynamical Systems, Differential Equations and Applications, Arlington, Texas, 200

Changes in Sagittal Plane Kinematics and Kinetics after Distal Release of Medial Hamstrings in Cerebral Palsy

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Stakeholder values and attitudes towards water markets across northern Australia<br />

SummaryThis report is the second of three reports and part of a two year project entitled Establishing water markets in northern Australia: a study to assess feasibility and consequences of market-based mechanisms of water delivery undertaken through the Australian National University&rsquo;s Crawford School of Economics and Government. The Tropical Rivers and Coastal Knowledge (TRaCK) hub funded this project under Theme 6.1 &ldquo;Sustainable Enterprises&rdquo;. This research is also being done in collaboration with the North Australian Indigenous Land and Sea Management Alliance (NAILSMA). This second report provides analysis of stakeholder attitudes and values and their implications for the design of water markets across tropical Queensland, Northern Territory and Western Australia, (with focus on the Gulf, Timor and North East drainage divisions). The study utilised a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach, employing a survey with closed ended (5 point Likert scales and multiple choice) and open ended measures.In Task 2 we surveyed 120 people from government, Indigenous, industry and recreational user groups and present a range of values and attitudes related to markets and we discuss the general implications for market design in the north. Analysing data from open ended measures involved coding and grouping data into categories, then identifying patterns and themes. While statistical analysis involved ordered probit models, using robust standard errors and also controlling for lack of independence within each group using cluster. Preliminary findings were sent out to respondents for their feedback and where appropriate changes made. From this the final report was produced.Our findings highlight that sustainability; environmental protection; social justice and equity; and economic development were important values to respondents in relation to water markets. Respondents emphasised the importance of robust water planning frameworks that support ecological values and irrigator and Indigenous livelihoods, and respondents overwhelmingly disagreed with the trade of environmental and cultural flows. There was also significant support for the preservation of certain catchments and aquifers for their unique values (particularly among Indigenous respondents). Social justice and equity were important to respondents, with a sentiment to include Indigenous people in water reform and in water markets. Indigenous respondents felt that current arrangements were not equitable. As well, respondents from government, Indigenous and recreational groups felt that consultation and water policy fail to adequately address the needs and interests&nbsp; of Indigenous Australians. Indigenous respondents showed support for water markets, the development of water based enterprise (such as agriculture and horticulture) and believe strongly that the benefits of water trading will be significant. These views were tempered by some concerns that&nbsp; Indigenous people may be alienated from markets and that the ecological impacts from markets could be significant.Respondents felt that water management was sustainable in their region, but at the same time they did not believe water management to be efficient. This may be related to perceptions that certain systems are not over-allocated to consumptive users. A little over half of respondents agreed that water markets help sustainable water management and that water should be a tradable commodity, and respondents that were male and had a higher education were more likely to agree to these statements. Support for separating land and water title (unbundling) was mixed, with Indigenous respondents less likely to agree to a separation. There is a level of understanding of water management in their jurisdictions were more likely to agree to water transfers. There was unanimous support for government involvement in water markets, with overwhelming support for government as regulator.Literature highlights that importance of integrating values and attitudes in resource management frameworks. We identify four general implications for the design of water markets from our findings. The first is that Indigenous involvement in water markets and reform is important as one way to address Indigenous disadvantage and to support Indigenous livelihoods. This involvement could range from water management and planning, to the recognition of customary and commercial rights. Second, respondents thought that the general community should have greater involvement in water management and planning. This would require education programs to improve awareness of reform and increased support for stakeholder input into reform, particularly where language barriers and cultural differences exist. Third, given the importance of sustainability and environmental protection, it is recommended that markets develop within a planning framework, with robust but simple trading rules to protect ecological and customary values. Fourth it was emphasised by some respondents that there should be minimal red tape and costs associated with markets given the marginal operating conditions for producers across the north.Further research could build on this exploratory work to improve understanding of how to involve Indigenous interests in water markets, and examine the attitudes and values of a broader range of stakeholders across the north (such as examining women&rsquo;s attitudes and values to water markets across the north)

The influence of early surgical intervention in patients with Perthes Disease

Concurrent Free Papers 7 - Paediatric Orthopaedics / General Orthopaedics: no. 7.7INTRODUCTION: This retrospective review aimed to examine the influence of early surgical intervention in patients with Perthes disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children with Perthes disease treated between 1995 and 2013 in our institution were reviewed. The age of onset, gender, severity of disease, and the treatment details were retrieved from patient records. Herring classification was used to classify the hips. Modified Elizabethtown staging was used to stage the disease at the time of intervention. The final outcomes of both operative and non-operative groups were assessed using Stulberg classification (S) at skeletal maturity. RESULTS: A total of 28 ...published_or_final_versio

Spasticity: orthopaedic perspectives

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Long-term outcome after lambrinudi operation in severe rigid equinus deformity

Concurrent Free Papers 7 - Paediatric Orthopaedics / General Orthopaedics: no. 7.3INTRODUCTION: Patients with severe rigid equinus deformity require corrective osteotomies to achieve a plantigrade foot. One such operation is the Lambrinudi triple arthrodesis. Many of these patients suffer from post-poliomyelitis deformity and have this operation within the first 2 decades of life. However, there is little in the literature describing long-term outcomes of these patients beyond 20 years. The study looked at the outcomes of patients from our centre over 30 years after their operations. METHODS: We traced 16 patients who had Lambrinudi operations at the Duchess of Kent Children’s Hospital from 1974 to 1979. The latest outcomes of 10 of these patients were found in the Clinical ...published_or_final_versio