Cell Toxicity Study of Antiseptic Solutions Containing Povidone-Iodine and Hydrogen Peroxide

The increasing incidence of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) has led to a growing interest in developing strategies to prevent and treat this severe complication. The surgical site's application of antiseptic solutions to eliminate contaminating bacteria and eradicate the bacterial biofilm has been increasing over time. Even though it has been proven that combining antimicrobials could enhance their activities and help overcome acquired microbial resistance related to the topical use of antibiotics, the toxicity of integrated solutions is not well described. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of solutions containing povidone-iodine (PI) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), alone or in combination, after 1.3 and 5 min of exposure. Chondrocytes, tenocytes, and fibroblast-like synoviocytes were used for cytotoxicity analysis. Trypan blue stain (0.4% in PBS) was applied to evaluate the dead cells. All solutions tested showed a progressive increase in toxicity as exposure time increased except for PI at 0.3%, which exhibited the lowest toxicity. The combined solutions reported a reduced cellular killing at 3 and 5 min than H2O2 at equal concentrations, similar results to PI solutions

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

The Diagnostic Accuracy of Neutrophils to Lymphocytes Ratio, Platelets to Lymphocytes Ratio, Monocytes to Lymphocytes Ratio, and Platelets to Mean Platelet Volume Ratio in Diagnosing Periprosthetic Knee Infections. Are Gender-Specific Cutoff Values Needed?

Background: This study aimed to assess the most appropriate thresholds for neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR), platelets to lymphocytes ratio, monocytes to lymphocytes ratio (MLR), and platelets to mean platelet volume ratio in patients who had a suspected prosthetic knee infection. Furthermore, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of our proposed thresholds by men and women. Methods: A total of 261 consecutive patients affected by painful total knee arthroplasty were included. International Consensus Meeting diagnostic criteria were used to identify periprosthetic infections. Sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values were calculated for each cutoff value obtained. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was evaluated. Results: NLR reported the best diagnostic accuracy. MLR and NLR reported higher area under the curves in men and women. We obtained an MLR value ≥0.30 (optimal cutoff value for men) and ≥0.17 (optimal cutoff value for women). In men, the sensitivity and the specificity were 0.71 and 0.77, respectively, versus 0.82 and 0.29, in women. For NLR, we obtained a value ≥2.52 (best cutoff value for men) and ≥2.46 (best cutoff value for women). These cutoffs reported a sensitivity and specificity of 0.71 and 0.88 versus 0.54 and 0.76 in men and women, respectively. Conclusion: These biomarkers present a low diagnostic accuracy in periprosthetic joint infection detection. Men whose MLR and NLR were above cutoff values had a 77 and 88% probability of presenting a septic prosthetic failure. NLR of at least 2.46 was reasonably sensitive for women who have a periprosthetic knee infection. Level of evidence: Diagnostic study, Level II

Diagnostic Performance of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio, Monocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio, and Platelet to Mean Platelet Volume Ratio in Periprosthetic Hip and Knee Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The current literature on the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection provides controversial evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of MLR, NLR, PVR, and PLR. Therefore, this critical literature search and meta-analysis was aimed to summarize the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers for the diagnosis of hip and knee prosthetic infection. According to the PRISMA flowchart, we searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, for studies on these ratios for diagnosing PJI. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and AUC were analyzed. We included 11 articles in our meta-analysis, including 7537 patients who underwent total hip and knee arthroplasties; among these, 1974 (26%) patients reported a joint infection. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.72 and 0.74, respectively, for NLR, 0.72 and 0.77 for PVR, and 0.77 and 0.75 for PLR. The sensitivity of MLR ranges from 0.54 to 0.81, while the specificity ranges from 0.78 to 0.81. Regarding the evaluation of AUCs, the best diagnostic performance was achieved by MLR (AUC = 0.77) followed by PLR (AUC = 0.75), NLR (AUC = 0.73), and PVR (AUC = 0.70). This meta-analysis demonstrates a fair diagnostic accuracy of these ratios, thus not being useful as a screening tool

Annali storici di Principato Citra, A. 1, n. 2.2 (2003)

A. 1, n. 2.2 (2003): G. Guardia, Editoriale, P. 4 ; L. Rossi, Sbarco, polemiche, cultura e civiltà, P. 5 ; F. Sofia, «Une ville assez laide et ressemblant fort à un village»: un libertino francese nella Salerno seicentesca, P. 15 ; M.A. Del Grosso, La carestia del 1764: intemperanze climatiche e cattiva gestione delle risorse, P. 30 ; G. Romeo, Ferdinando Petruccelli della Gattina, deputato di Sala (1874-1882), P. 65 ; A. Ricco, La chiesa parrocchiale di San Matteo in Albanella. Proposte di ricerca, P. 86 ; C. Schiavo, Storia di una cartolina. A Vittoria Botteri nel ricordo di Rocco Scotellaro, P. 130 ; F. Sofia, Classicità e ricerca: Italo Gallo, P. 163 ; R. D'Andria, Un restauro di terra. Il teatro di Velia, P. 177 ; G. Villani, Novello di Sanlucano. Un architetto alla corte dei Sanseverino, P. 185 ; G. Guardia, Metamorfosi del mito. Pittura barocca tra Napoli, Genova e Venezia, P. 206 ; P. Paleologo M. principe di Bisanzio, Napoli e Bisanzio. Considerazioni su un plurisecolare rapporto di amore ed odio, P. 208 ; A. Capano, Il Catasto provvisorio di Sessa Cilento (1851), con le frazioni di Casigliano, San Mango, Santa Lucia e Valle, P. 226 ; F. Innella, L'inventario di atti comunali riguardanti Battipaglia (1862-1933), P. 245 ; F. Pinto, Archivi privati della provincia di Salerno e della Campania. 1. L'archivio Degni-Bammacaro, P. 265 ; M. La Via – D. Festa – F. Sofia, Inciampando nella Storia, P. 269 ; T. D'Acchille, “D. Ienna, Fascino letale. Malocchio, fatture e dintorni: introduzione al sistema”, P. 286 ; A.E. Saggese, “A. Conte, Stili di vita e modelli di consumo nel Mezzogiorno tra Otto e Novecento”, P. 287 ; A. Capano, “G. Conforti, M. Maresca, Il territorio di Bellizzi. Appunti e documenti”, P. 291 ; G. Falanga, “G. Pecci, Un'opera d'arte rinascimentale a Serre. Il tabernacolo eucaristico nella Chiesa di S. Martino Vescovo”, P. 293

Supplementary_Table_5_Other_sncRNAs.xlsx

A. Results from the differential expression analysis of sncRNA levels between LF and VSL samples. B. Results from the correlation analysis between the levels of DE piRNAs in our analysis and the semen parameters measured for the study subject.</p

Supplementary_Table_1_Trace_metals.xlsx

Concentration of trace metals in the analyzed samples.</p

Supplementary_Table_2_miRNA_analysis.xlsx

A. Sample data and small RNA-Seq alignment statistics. B. Results from the differential expression analysis. C. List of validated DE miRNA-gene target interactions. D. Number of studies supporting each miRNA-target interaction. E. Number of miRNAs targeting the same gene. F. Results from the miRNA target enrichment analysis.</p

Supplementary_Table_4_miRNA_levels_public_datasets.xlsx

A. Levels of DE miRNAs of this study in semen samples from Pauli et al. and Morgan et al. B. Levels of DE miRNAs of this study in semen samples characterized by high or low fertilization rate. C. Levels of mice homolog of DE miRNAs of this study in cells from different phases of spermatocyte differentiation.</p