Evaluation of cases of concussion and subluxation in the permanent dentition: a retrospective study

Objectives: This study evaluated the evolution of cases of concussion and subluxation through a retrospective study of 20 years. Material and Methods:Were examined clinical and radiographic records of 1,309 patients who underwent treatment of dentoalveolar trauma in the discipline of Integrated Clinic of the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, UNESP, of which we selected 137 whose patients had concussion and subluxation injuries, with average age of 23.3 (SD – 10.96). The variables collected were: gender, age, history of previous and actual trauma, treatments performed, the presence of necrotic pulp, and time elapsed until the same trauma. The concussion and subluxation groups were subjected to statistical analyses using the SPSS 16.0 version software (α=0.05), Chi-square, and t-tests. Results: Of the 301 teeth involved, 49 (16.3%) suffered concussion and 252 (83.7%), subluxation, being the upper anterior teeth the most affected (75.1%) for both conditions. Subluxation and concussion traumas were more prevalent in men aged 10 to 20 years, most caused by cycling accidents (36.2%). There was a concomitant presence of crown fracture in 21% of cases of concussion and 34.7% of subluxation. Pulp necrosis was detected in 16.3% (concussion) and 27.1% (subluxation) (p=0.12), and most occurred within 6 months after the trauma (p=0.29). The pulp necrosis shows a positive correlation with motorcycle accidents (p=0.01), direct impact (p≤0.0001), crown fracture with pulp exposure (p≤0.0001), darkening of the crown (p=0.004) and spontaneous pain (p≤0.0001); and negative correlation with indirect impact (p≤0.0001). Conclusions: Although concussion and subluxation traumas are considered of minor degrees, they must be monitored, since the possibility of pulp necrosis exists, and its early treatment favors a good prognosis

Avaliação da capacidade de resinas compostas contendo trimetafosfato de sódio associado ou não ao fluoreto em reduzir a desmineralização e promover a remineralização in vitro

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a capacidade de resinas compostas contendo trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) associado ou não ao fluoreto em reduzir a desmineralização e promover a remineralização do esmalte in vitro. Foram selecionados 156 blocos de esmalte de incisivos bovinos (4x3x3 mm), pelo teste de dureza de superfície inicial e confeccionados 240 corpos-de-prova das resinas compostas. Estudo para verificar a redução da desmineralização (DES>RE): foram definidos os seguintes grupos: sem TMP e fluoreto de sódio; sem TMP e com fluoreto de sódio a 1,6%; TMP 1,5%, 14,1% ou 36,8% com ou sem fluoreto de sódio a 1,6%. Noventa e seis corpos-de-prova foram adaptados aos blocos de esmalte e submetidos às ciclagens de pH. A seguir, analisou-se a dureza de superfície e em secção longitudinal e a concentração de F no esmalte. Foi determinada a liberação de F e TMP (n = 6) e a dureza (n = 6) das resinas. Testes paramétricos e não paramétricos foram realizados, após a verificação da homocedasticidade dos dados (p 0,05), porém maior que os demais grupos (p DES): lesão de cárie artificial foi induzida nos 60 blocos e após determinou-se a dureza de superfície pós-desmineralização. Os grupos foram definidos: sem TMP e fluoreto de sódio; sem TMP e com fluoreto de sódio a 1,6%; com 14,1% de TMP com ou sem fluoreto de sódio a 1,6%. Após os corpos-de-prova...The purpose of this in vitro study was to verify the capacity of composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) associated or not with fluoride for reducing demineralization and promoting remineralization on enamel. One hundred fifty-six enamel blocks (4x3x3 mm) were prepared from extracted bovine incisors and selected through the initial surface hardness test and then 240 specimens of the composite resins were confectioned. Analysis of the demineralization reduction (DES>RE): The following groups were defined: without TMP and sodium fluoride; without TMP and with 1.6% sodium fluoride; 1.5%, 14.1% or 36.8% TMP with or without 1.6% sodium fluoride. A total of 96 specimens were adjusted to the enamel blocks and submitted to pH-cyclings. Following, superficial and cross-sectional hardness and F concentration on enamel were verified. F and TMP release (n = 6) and hardness (n = 6) of the composite resins were determined. Parametric and non-parametric tests were performed, after the verification of data homoscedasticity (p 0.05), but higher than the other groups (p DES): Artificial carious lesions were induced on the 60 blocks and, then, the post-demineralization surface hardness was determined. The groups were defined: without TMP and sodium fluoride; without TMP and with 1.6% sodium fluoride; with 14.1% TMP and with or without 1.6% sodium fluoride. Specimens... (Complete abstract click electronic access below

In vitro enamel remineralization capacity of composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate and fluoride

This study evaluated the in vitro enamel remineralization capacity of experimental composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) combined or not with fluoride (F). Bovine enamel slabs were selected upon analysis of initial surface hardness (SH1) and after induction of artificial carious lesions (SH2). Experimental resins were as follows: resin C (control-no sodium fluoride (NaF) or TMP), resin F (with 1.6 % NaF), resin TMP (with 14.1 % TMP), and resin TMP/F (with NaF and TMP). Resin samples were made and attached to enamel slabs (n = 12 slabs per material). Those specimens (resin/enamel slab) were subjected to pH cycling to promote remineralization, and then final surface hardness (SH3) was measured to calculate the percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SH). The integrated recovery of subsurface hardness (ΔKHN) and F concentration in enamel were also determined. Data was analyzed by ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test (p < 0.05). Resins F and TMP/F showed similar SH3 values (p = 0.478) and %SH (p = 0.336) and differed significantly from the other resins (p < 0.001). Considering ΔKHN values, resin TMP/F presented the lowest area of lesion (p < 0.001). The presence of F on enamel was different among the fluoridated resins (p = 0.042), but higher than in the other resins (p < 0.001). The addition of TMP to a fluoridated composite resin enhanced its capacity for remineralization of enamel in vitro. The combination of two agents with action on enamel favored remineralization, suggesting that composite resins containing sodium trimetaphosphate and fluoride could be indicated for clinical procedures in situations with higher cariogenic challenges

Effect of resin composites with sodium trimetaphosphate with or without fluoride on hardness, ion release and enamel demineralization

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the addition of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) with or without fluoride on enamel demineralization, and the hardness and release of fluoride and TMP of resin composites. Methods: Bovine enamel slabs (4x3x3 mm) were prepared and selected based on initial surface hardness (n= 96). Eight experimental resin composites were formulated, according to the combination of TMP and sodium fluoride (NaF): TMP/NaF-free (control), 1.6% sodium fluoride (NaF), and 1.5%, 14.1% and 36.8% TMP with and without 1.6% NaF. Resin composite specimens (n= 24) were attached to the enamel slabs with wax and the sets were subjected to pH cycling. Next, surface and cross-sectional hardness and fluoride content of enamel as well as fluoride and TNT release and hardness of the materials were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA (P 0.05), but higher than in the other materials (P< 0.05). The combination of 14.1% TMP and fluoride resulted in less demineralization, especially on lesion surface (P< 0.05). The presence of TMP increased fluoride release from the materials and reduced their hardness

Evaluation of cases of concussion and subluxation in the permanent dentition: a retrospective study

<div><p>Abstract Objectives This study evaluated the evolution of cases of concussion and subluxation through a retrospective study of 20 years. Material and Methods Were examined clinical and radiographic records of 1,309 patients who underwent treatment of dentoalveolar trauma in the discipline of Integrated Clinic of the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, UNESP, of which we selected 137 whose patients had concussion and subluxation injuries, with average age of 23.3 (SD – 10.96). The variables collected were: gender, age, history of previous and actual trauma, treatments performed, the presence of necrotic pulp, and time elapsed until the same trauma. The concussion and subluxation groups were subjected to statistical analyses using the SPSS 16.0 version software (α=0.05), Chi-square, and t-tests. Results Of the 301 teeth involved, 49 (16.3%) suffered concussion and 252 (83.7%), subluxation, being the upper anterior teeth the most affected (75.1%) for both conditions. Subluxation and concussion traumas were more prevalent in men aged 10 to 20 years, most caused by cycling accidents (36.2%). There was a concomitant presence of crown fracture in 21% of cases of concussion and 34.7% of subluxation. Pulp necrosis was detected in 16.3% (concussion) and 27.1% (subluxation) (p=0.12), and most occurred within 6 months after the trauma (p=0.29). The pulp necrosis shows a positive correlation with motorcycle accidents (p=0.01), direct impact (p≤0.0001), crown fracture with pulp exposure (p≤0.0001), darkening of the crown (p=0.004) and spontaneous pain (p≤0.0001); and negative correlation with indirect impact (p≤0.0001). Conclusions Although concussion and subluxation traumas are considered of minor degrees, they must be monitored, since the possibility of pulp necrosis exists, and its early treatment favors a good prognosis.</p></div

Dentists' level of knowledge of the treatment plans for periodontal ligament injuries after dentoalveolar trauma

This study investigated the level of knowledge held by dentists about the possible treatment plan procedures for periodontal ligament injuries after dentoalveolar trauma. A 5-item self-applied questionnaire was prepared with questions referring to the professional profile of the interviewees and to the treatment plan they would propose for periodontal ligament injuries secondary to dentoalveolar trauma. The questionnaires were filled out by 693 dentists attending the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Brazilian Society for Dental Research, and the data obtained were subjected to descriptive analysis. Either the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was applied to assess associations among variables, at a 5% level of significance. The results revealed that dentists experienced difficulty in establishing a treatment plan for subluxation, and for extrusive, lateral and intrusive luxations. In general, holding a dental specialty degree had no influence on the knowledge about treatment plan procedures for the most severe injuries. It could be concluded that the dentists participating in this study, whether specialists or not, did not have sufficient knowledge to treat most of the periodontal ligament injuries resulting from dentoalveolar trauma adequately