Pengaruh Paparan Paraquat terhadap Populasi Bakteri yang Berperan sebagai Dekomposer, Pelarut Fosfat, dan Nitrifikasi pada Tanah Perkebunan Desa Batetangnga Sulawesi Barat

Abstrak. Paraquat adalah herbisida yang digunakan secara luas untuk mengontrol pertumbuhan gulma. Penggunaan paraquat dalam jangka panjang dapat mengganggu keseimbangan ekosistem termasuk mikroorganisme tanah karena keberadaan residunya di dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh paparan herbisida paraquat terhadap populasi bakteri yang berperan sebagai dekomposer, pelarut fosfat, dan nitrifikasi pada tanah perkebunan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional. Pengaruh paparan paraquat terhadap populasi mikroba dievaluasi dari nilai Total Plate Count (CFU/g Tanah). Bakteri yang berperan sebagai dekomposer, pelarut fosfat, dan nitrifikasi pada tanah yang terpapar dan yang tidak terpapar herbisida paraquat. Data penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai TPC populasi bakteri yang berperan sebagai dekomposer, pelarut fosfat dan nitrifikasi diantaranya bakteri amilolitik, selulolitik, proteolitik, lipolitik, pelarut fosfat, dan penambat nitrogen pada tanah yang tidak terpapar herbisida paraquat masing-masing sebesar 7.34, 7.04, 7.48, 7.04, 7.77, dan 5.00 (CFU/g). Sedangkan pada tanah yang terpapar herbisida paraquat masing-masing sebesar 6.42, 6.04, 6.25, 6.41, 6.29, dan 4.85 (CFU/g). Kata kunci: paraquat, populasi bakteri, dekomposer, pelarut fosfat, nitrifikasi

Remediation of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in Sea Water by Skeletonema costatum

The heavy metals that polluted sea water can end up polluting fish pond too. Hence, it is necessary to remove the heavy metals before sea water enters the fish pond. The aim of this study was to know the growth, remediation ability, and the highest of removal efficiency of marine diatom Skeletonema costatum in the lead (Pb(II)) and cadmium (Cd(II)) solution. This study used 3 x 4 factorial design, i.e. concentrations of the cell inoculation (5000 cells mL-1; 10000 cells mL-1; and 15000 cells mL-1) and concentrations of Pb(II) and Cd(II) (0; 0.5; 1; and 2 ppm), replicated five times. During five day exposure time, the cell density was observed daily using a microscope (400X), while filtrate of media was analyzed using AAS. The result showed that S. costatum could grow in Pb(II) and Cd(II) at 2 ppm, and could remediate Pb(II) and Cd(II) at 2 ppm. The highest removal efficiency of marine diatom S. costatum in Pb(II) solution was 80.5% (5000 cells mL-1 at 2 ppm on the first day), and in Cd(II) solution was 80% (15000 cells mL-1 at 0.5 ppm on the fifth day)

Oil removal from petroleum sludge using bacterial culture with molasses substrate at temperatur variation

The study aims to reveal the potency of biosurfactant-producing bacterial culture with molasses as substrate growth in releasing oil from the petroleum sludge at temperature variations. Bacteria used consisted of (Acinetobacter sp. P2(1), Pseudomonas putida T1(8), Bacillus subtilis 3KP and Micrococcus sp. L II 61). The treatments were tested at 40°C, 50°C and 60 °C for 7 days of incubation. Synthetic surfactant (Tween 20) was used as a positive control and molasses as a negative control. Release of petroleum hydrocarbons from oil sludge was expressed in percentage of oil removal from oil sludge (%). Data were analyzed statistically using the Analysis of Variance (α = 0.05) and continued with Games-Howell test. The kinds of bacterial cultures, incubation temperature and combination of both affected the percentage of oil removal. The abilities of Bacillus subtilis 3KP and Micrococcus sp. LII 61cultures in oil removal from oil sludge at the temperature exposure of 60°C were higher than Tween 20. Both of bacterial cultures grown on molasses can be proposed as a replacement for synthetic surfactant to clean up the accumulation of oil sludge in a bottom of oil refinery tank

EKSPLORASI BAKTERI AZOSPIRILLUM PADA TANAH DI KAWASAN HUTAN MANGROVE WONOREJO SURABAYA

LAPORAN PENELITIAN INI MEMBAHAS TENTANG EKSPLORASI BAKTERI AZOSPIRILLUM PADA TANAH DI KAWASAN HUTAN MANGROVE WONOREJO SURABAY

Bioremediasi Cd dan ketersediaan P batuan fosfat oleh cendawan Ektomikorhiza Pisolithus tinctorius dan Suillus granulatus dalam kultur murni

Some rock phosphates used as fertilizers or to produce fertilizers which containing very high cadmium and have been suspected to increase trace element content in soild. In order to know if the cadmium can be mobilized, we have studied the bio-remediation of Cd and bio-availibility of P from three rock phosphates (from North Caroline, Togo and Senegal) by ectomycorrhyzal fungi (Pisolithus tinctorius and Suillus granulatus) in pure culture. In pure culture the fungi accumulated 80-100% Cd soluble. In the experiments, the % bio-accumulation or bio-remediation of Cd was not always correlated with the Cd content of the phosphate nor their hardness

PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK BIOINSEKTISIDA LOKAL : Deteksi Struktur Toksin Parasporal Entomopatogen Lokal Bacillis sp. dan Uji Patogenitasnya terhadap Organisme Non-Target

PELAKSANAAN PENELITIAN INTERNAL UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA HIBAH RISET MANDAT, PENELITIAN UNGGULAN FAKULTAS DAN PENELITIAN DOSEN PEMULA DAN ARTICLE REVIEW PROGRAM TAHUN 202

Biofertilisasi bakteri rhizobium pada tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L) MERR.)

The aim of this research want to know the influence of the addition Rhizobium bacteria species, dose and combination both ofthem, on growth and production of soybean plant (Glycine max (L) Merr.). The experimental design of this research was factorial design4×2, 4 species of Rhizobium are R1 = Rhizobium japonicum, R2 = R. phaseoli, R3 = R. leguminosarum, R4 = mixture of R1, R2 andR3, and 2 dose of inoculan Rhizobium (D1 = 5 m/plant, and D2 = 10 ml/plant) with 1010 sel bacteria/ml and 5 replications. Independentvariable is species of Rhizobium, dose of inoculan Rhizobium and combination both of them. Dependent variable is dry matter, weightof nodules and dry weight of seeds. The harvest data was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis Test using 5% level (a = 0.05) followed by Mann-Whitney Test. The result of this research show that species of Rhizobium, dose of inoculan Rhizobium and combination both of thempresent insignificant result (a > 0.05) on soybean growth and production, but the mixture of Rhizobium species with high level doseof bacteria, present better result than single species with low dose of bacteria

Bioremediasi tumpahan minyak mentah dengan metode biostimulasi nutrien organik di lingkungan pantai Surabaya Timur

The purpose of this paper was to present effects of nutrients in the bioremediation process of spilled crude oil in a coastal environment. An emphasis is directed at looking at effectiveness of organic-based nutrients in that process using a method of bio-stimulation. An insitu test was undertaken in a coastal area, located at the East side of Surabaya City, Indonesia, by making multiple trial compartments, with a size of 0.5 × 0.5 m2 each; and the space between the compartments is 0.25 m. At every compartment, one liter of crude oil was spilled. Three days later, it was added with organic-based nutrient on the treatment (0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 kg/kg soil)

PERAN BIOFERTILIZER DARI CAMPURAN MIKROORGANISME SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIFITAS TANAMAN PANGAN NASIONAL

Dalam upaya meningkatkan produktifitas tanaman pangan nasional di Indonesia, selain masalah keterbatasan sumber daya lahan, juga terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap usaha peningkatan produksi pangan domestik pada saat ini, di antaranya alih fungsi lahan pertanian ke non pertanian semakin tinggi, rusaknya infra struktur pertanian di berbagai daerah, skala usaha petani masih kecil, melemahnya sistem penyuluhan pertanian, suplai air semakin berkurang, laju pertumbuhan penduduk semakin tinggi, adopsi inovasi dan teknologi masih rendah, kejenuhan lahan akibat menipisnya unsur hara yang dibutuhkan tanaman, dan hasil panen masih bergantung pada iklim setempat. Berikut disajikan tentang perkembangan produksi dan luas lahan pangan nasional di Indonesia dari tahun 2010 sampai dengan ke tahun 2014