Applications of Nonclassical Logic Methods for Purposes of Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining

* The work is partially supported by Grant no. NIP917 of the Ministry of Science and Education – Republic of Bulgaria.Methods for solution of a large class of problems on the base of nonclassical, multiple-valued, and probabilistic logics have been discussed. A theory of knowledge about changing knowledge, of defeasible inference, and network approach to an analogous derivation have been suggested. A method for regularity search, logic-axiomatic and logic-probabilistic methods for learning of terms and pattern recognition in the case of multiple-valued logic have been described and generalized. Defeasible analogical inference and new forms of inference using exclusions are considered. The methods are applicable in a broad range of intelligent systems

Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to the Formation of Prices of Company Теоретико-методические подходы к формированию цены предприятия

The article deals with the theoretical and methodological principles for the price formation during the period of market relations. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study served as the theory of marketing and scientific methods of scientific knowledge. In order to justify the high level of scientific accuracy to the definition of the strategy and tactics of pricing has been investigated the concept of "price policy", "pricing strategy" and "pricing tactics" as the result revealed differences in some of these concepts by scientists of the field of research, which suggests a certain ambiguity about in the interpretation of certain concepts. An association between has been established these concepts. Supporting the claim that the price strategy is a means of achieving competitive strategies of the company, and pricing is an element of marketing. In addition, for effective pricing there is a need to introduce a systematic approach, which is a well-structured scheme of the formation of the strategy and tactics of pricing in marketing with certain components of the system, the interrelation and the logical sequence of which may be the key of successful result in the formation of pricing mechanism in the system of strategic marketing. Requested to carry out the practical pricing activities of modern enterprises with marketing point.<br>В статье рассмотрены теоретические и методологические положения стратегического формирования цены в период рыночных отношений. С целью обоснования высокого уровня научной точности в определении стратегии и тактики ценообразования, были исследованы понятия «ценовая политика», «ценовая стратегия» и «ценовая тактика», в результате чего были выявлены различия в определении данных понятий, что позволяет говорить об определенной неоднозначности в их толковании. Была установлена взаимосвязь между данными понятиями. Подтверждается, что ценовые стратегии являются средством достижения конкурентных стратегий фирмы, а ценообразование представляет собой элемент маркетинга. Кроме того, для эффективного ценообразования существует необходимость применения системного подхода, который представляет собой четко структурированную схему процесса формирования стратегии и тактики ценообразования в маркетинге с отдельно установленными компонентами системы, взаимосвязь и логическая последовательность которых может стать залогом успешного результата в формировании механизма ценообразования в системе стратегического маркетинга. Предложено осуществлять практическое ценообразование в деятельности современных предприятий с позиции маркетинга

The features of the spatial structure of the gramicidine A-cesium complex

AbstractEarlier obtained two-dimensional 1H-NMR spectroscopy data were used to analyze the spatial structure and conformational mobility of the double right ↑↓ ππLD7.2 helix of the complex formed by gramicidine A and Cs+ ions in an organic solvent (a chloroform-methanol mixture). Analysis of the experimental data permitted the determination of a set of conformations for each of the high-mobility residue side chains in the solution. The energy refinement of the most probable conformation of the double right ↑↓ ππLD7.2 helix was made and conformational rearrangements of the tryptophan residue side chain were studied in detail

INCREASE OF INDICATORS OF VEHICLES’ SMOOTH RUNNING BY INTERNAL SUSPENSION OF WHEELS

The article discusses the relevance of increasing the smoothness of the movement of vehicles, and also substantiates the feasibility of using internal suspension of wheels in conjunction with a suspension and as an independent system.

INFLUENCE OF VEHICLE SUSPENSION PARAMETERS ON ITS BRAKING PROPERTIES

The paper focuses on the study of the performance of elastic and damping parameters of the car suspension. The problem of arising vibrations of the sprung and unsprung vehicle masses on the braking process is considered. The article presents theoretical models of vehicle braking taking into account the oscillations of the vehicle's sprung masses. The research results will make it possible to establish the relationship between the suspension parameters and the estimated parameters of braking properties, to supplement the "driver - car - road" system, and also to more accurately assess the active safety of vehicles associated with braking dynamics