Comprehensive multivariate correlations between climatic effect, metabolite-profile, antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of Brazilian red propolis metabolites during seasonal study

The standardization of apiceutical products like as propolis extracts has been widely debated worldwide and variations in the propolis chemical composition are still very relevant topics for use-standardized of different propolis-type as medication by much of the world’s population. The present manuscript discuss important issues related to the climate effect and variations in propolis metabolite-profiling changes, antioxidant capacity and variations of the antibacterial activity of the Brazilian red propolis metabolites using comprehensive multivariate correlations. It was observed the increasing of guttiferones concentrations during the intense drought period and drastic decreasing in rainy period. The climate variation induced the high concentration of flavonoids in rainy period with pronounced dropped in some rainy months. The Pearson´s analysis demonstrated correlation between IC50 from DPPH and guttiferones and flavonoids concentrations. The PCA-X and Hotelling T2 test showed outliers during the months with lowest concentrations of formononetin and isoliquiritigenin was observed in antibacterial tests. The PLS-DA, OPLS-DA and VIP analysis demonstrate guttiferone E, guttiferone B, liquiritigenin, naringenin are considered important substances responsible by anti-staphylococcal activity in red propolis composition during the rainy season and drought period, but a synergistic effect with other flavonoids and isoflavonoids are not ruled out

ALIMENTOS, NUTRACÊUTICOS E PLANTAS MEDICINAIS UTILIZADOS COMO PRÁTICA COMPLEMENTAR NO ENFRENTAMENTO DOS SINTOMAS DO CORONAVÍRUS (COVID-19): UMA REVISÃO

The present prospective work of scientific articles related to foods and natural products with anti-Covid activity in databases in order to present a scientific community, to governments and society as main foods, nutraceuticals and medicinal plants as strategies used by countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A review of articles on food, medicinal plants and biotechnology was carried out in databases of scientific articles such as: CAPES journals, PubMed, Elsevier's Science Direct, Willey on library library, Taylor & Francis Springer-Nature database, BMC, Hindawi, Scielo, ACS - American Chemical Society, Google Scholar, in addition to the Patent Database “The LENS” and “Questel-Orbit”. Foods used in daily life such as garlic, ginger, turmeric, sour orange, vegetables, lactobacilli demonstrate proven anti-virus action. Medicinal plants used by Traditional Chinese, Korean and Indian Medicine also demonstrate anti-Covid activity and used during the coronavirus outbreak. Some medicinal plants, green propolis extract, red propolis extract, royal gelly, polen, honey have also been cited as anti-covid, natural anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory products.O presente trabalho prospectou artigos científicos relacionadas à alimentos e produtos naturais com atividade anti-Covid com o intuito de apresentar, à comunidade científica, aos governos e à sociedade, dados sobre as principais estratégias nutracêuticas, biotecnológicas e plantas medicinais utilizadas em alguns países durante o enfrentamento da pandemia COVID-19. A revisão de artigos sobre alimentos, plantas medicinais e produtos biotecnológicos foi realizada nas bases de dados periódicos da CAPES, PubMed, Science Direct, Willey on line library, Springer-Nature, Taylor & Francis, BMC, Hindawi, Scielo, ACS – American Chemical Society, Google acadêmico, “The LENS” e Questel-Orbit. Alimentos de uso frequente como alho, gengibre, cúrcuma, laranja azeda, vegetais e lactobacilos demonstraram ação anti-coronavirus comprovada. Foram descritos usos de plantas medicinais da Medicina tradicional Chinesa, Coreana, Indiana bastante utilizadas durante a pandemia. Algumas plantas medicinais e nutracêuticos como: extrato de própolis verde e extrato de própolis vermelha brasileiras, geleia real, pólen e mel também foram citados como produtos anti-covid, antiinflamatórios naturais e imunomodulatórios

Polymeric nanoparticles of Brazilian red propolis extract : preparation, characterization, antioxidant and leishmanicidal activity

The ever-increasing demand for natural products and biotechnology derived from bees and ultra-modernization of various analytical devices has facilitated the rational and planned development of biotechnology products with a focus on human health to treat chronic and neglected diseases. The aim of the present study was to prepare and characterize polymeric nanoparticles loaded with Brazilian red propolis extract and evaluate the cytotoxic activity of "multiple-constituent extract in co-delivery system" for antileishmanial therapies. The polymeric nanoparticles loaded with red propolis extract were prepared with a combination of poly-ε-caprolactone and pluronic using nanoprecipitation method and characterized by different analytical techniques, antioxidant and leishmanicidal assay. The red propolis nanoparticles in aqueous medium presented particle size (200–280 nm) in nanometric scale and zeta analysis (−20 to −26 mV) revealed stability of the nanoparticles without aggregation phenomenon during 1 month. After freeze-drying method using cryoprotectant (sodium starch glycolate), it was possible to observe particles with smooth and spherical shape and apparent size of 200 to 400 nm. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and thermal analysis revealed the encapsulation of the flavonoids from the red propolis extract into the polymeric matrix. Ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (UPLC-DAD) identified the flavonoids liquiritigenin, pinobanksin, isoliquiritigenin, formononetin and biochanin A in ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) and nanoparticles of red propolis extract (NRPE). The efficiency of encapsulation was determinate, and median values (75.0 %) were calculated using UPLC-DAD. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl method showed antioxidant activity to EEP and red propolis nanoparticles. Compared to negative control, EEP and NRPE exhibited leishmanicidal activity with an IC50 value of ≅38.0 μg/mL and 31.3 μg/mL, 47.2 μg/mL, 154.2μg/mL and 193.2 μg/mL for NRPE A1, NRPE A2, NRPE A3 and NRPE A4, respectively. Nanoparticles loaded with red propolis extract in co-delivery system and EEP presented cytotoxic activity on Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. Red propolis extract loaded in nanoparticles has shown to be potential candidates as intermediate products for preparation of various pharmaceutical dosage forms containing red propolis extract in the therapy against negligible diseases such as leishmaniasis

Propriedades antioxidantes do açaí (Euterpe oleracea ) na síndrome metabólica

Resumo Alimentos ricos em polifenóis, considerados com alto poder antioxidante, principalmente da classe antocianinas, estão sendo cada vez mais utilizados na prevenção de doenças relacionadas à síndrome metabólica. Um fruto que se destaca por apresentar essa propriedade é o açaí ( Euterpe oleracea). O Brasil é o maior produtor da fruta e o mercado estrangeiro vem investindo na sua importação para utilização tanto na indústria alimentícia quanto farmacêutica. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma extensa revisão da literatura sobre as propriedades funcionais do açaí relacionadas à síndrome metabólica. A busca de dados foi realizada em bases, como Pubmed, Web of Science, Scielo e Science Direct. Assim, observou-se que Euterpe oleracea é um fruto rico em antocianinas, as quais atuam modulando o metabolismo lipídico para minimizar os danos no organismo causados pelo estresse oxidativo, desencadeado por doenças crônicas

Lipase Activity in the Larval Midgut of Rhynchophorus palmarum: Biochemical Characterization and the Effects of Reducing Agents

Lipases have key roles in insect lipid acquisition, storage, and mobilization and are also fundamental to many physiological processes in insects. Lipids are an important component of insect diets, where they are hydrolyzed in the midgut lumen, absorbed, and used for the synthesis of complex lipids. The South American palm weevil Rhynchophorus palmarum is one of the most important pests on commercial palm plantations. However, there are few studies about lipid digestion for this insect. In this work, we have described the biochemical characterization of the lipase activity in the posterior midgut of the R. palmarum palm weevil. Lipase activity was highest between the temperatures of 37 °C and 45 °C and at pH 6.5. Lipase activity was also sensitive to variations in salt and calcium concentrations. Lipases have been described structurally as enzymes with the Ser-His-Asp Catalytic Triad, containing an active serine. The serine protease inhibitor PMSF (phenylmethane sulfonyl fluoride) inhibited the lipases from R. palmarum, demonstrating the importance of a serine residue for this activity. The ability of the lipases to hydrolyze p-Nitrophenyl esters with different chain lengths has revealed the activities of a broad range of substrates. The lipase activities of R. palmarum increased in the presence of reduced glutathione (GSH) and dithiothreitol (DTT), while in the presence of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), activities were drastically reduced. To our knowledge, this study has provided the first information about lipase activity in the R. palmarum palm weevil

Phytochemical profile, evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity in vitro of the hydroalcoholic extract of two species of the genus Cyperus (Cyperaceae)

Several factors contribute to the resistance of some pathogenic microorganisms and this fact requires the search for new therapeutic alternatives. The genus Cyperus (family Cyperaceae) groups species that present chemical compounds of pharmacological interest, mainly with antimicrobial action. Thus, the present work was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activities, antioxidants and the phytochemical profile of Cyperus articulatus L. and Cyperus iria L. Hydroalcoholic extracts (1:1, v:v) of the aerial and underground parts of these species were used to analyze the total phenol content and to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity against the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The ethyl acetate and chloroform phases resulting from liquid-liquid partitioning of C. articulatus and C. iria extracts were evaluated in antimicrobial assays and subject to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD) analysis. The chromatograms obtained by HPLC-DAD allowed us to identify four compounds: chlorogenic acid, catechin, quercetin, and quercitrin. The hydroalcoholic extracts of C. articulatus and C. iria showed a weak antioxidant activity with IC50 of 395.57 and 321.33 μg/mL (aerial parts), and 1,114.01 and 436.82 μg/mL (underground parts), respectively. Regarding antimicrobial activity, the chloroform phase of C. iria showed the best result at the concentration of only 31.2 µg/mL against the pathogens Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. The ethyl acetate phases of the aerial parts of C. articulatus and C. iria did not show antimicrobial activity

Tenectomia cuneana associada à infiltração perineural neurolítica no tratamento de osteoartrite társica de equino - Relato de caso

A osteoartrite társica (OAT) é uma forma de artrite proliferativa anquilosante, podendo ser chamada também de “esparavão ósseo”, sendo uma das maiores causadoras de claudicação nos membros pélvicos de equinos. Mesmo após o tratamento clínico e/ou cirúrgico, cerca de 50% dos animais permanecem com claudicação e não conseguem exercer as funções atléticas anteriormente desempenhadas. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso de um equino da raça Mangalarga Marchador com osteoartrite társica submetido à tenectomia cuneana e infiltração perineural de composição neurolítica etanólica (com patente requerida no Brasil e exterior) nos nervos tibial e fibulares, após resposta negativa ao tratamento clínico com anti-inflamatórios e glicosaminoglicanos. O animal não exteriorizou dor ou claudicação durante doze meses, mantendo-se em atividade e sem apresentar déficits proprioceptivos. A tenectomia cuneana associada à infiltração perineural de composição neurolítica etanólica apresentou-se como opção terapêutica satisfatória no caso descrito

Estudo‌ ‌de‌ ‌Prospecção‌ ‌Tecnológica‌ ‌sobre‌ ‌Embalagens‌ ‌Ativas‌ ‌para‌ ‌Vegetais‌

This work aims to map the scientific and technological development of active packaging for vegetables. From the identification of patent documents and articles, an analysis of the technological scenario on the subject was carried out, with identification and appreciation of the evolution over time, in order to point out the dynamics of this market in different parts of the world. To do so, searches were made of patent and article databases, based on a set of selected keywords. The bases used were the software  Orbit, which identified 620 patents and Scopus, with 350 articles, from which analyzes and projections were performed in the graphs. Finally, the merging of keywords and the main IPC codes allowed for a more targeted analysis of active packaging technologies, with a view to identifying trends and targeting the market.ResumoEste trabalho tem por objetivo mapear o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico de embalagens ativas para vegetais. A partir da identificação de documentos de patentes e de artigos, foi realizada uma análise do cenário tecnológico sobre o tema, com identificação e apreciação da evolução ao longo do tempo, para apontamento da dinâmica deste mercado em diversas partes do mundo. Para tanto, foram realizadas buscas em bases de patentes e de artigos, a partir de um conjunto de palavras-chave selecionadas. As bases utilizadas foram o software Orbit, que identificou 620 patentes, e a base de dados Scopus, com 350 artigos, a partir dos quais foram realizadas análises e projeções apresentadas nos Gráficos. Por fim, a junção de palavras-chave com os principais códigos IPC permitiu uma análise mais direcionada às tecnologias de embalagens ativas, com vistas à identificação de tendências e direcionamento de mercado

Monitoramento Tecnológico do Uso da Própolis Vermelha em Composições Cosméticas

Traditionally the cosmetics sector figures as one of the strongest segments of the national economy, where Brazil remains as the fourth largest consumer market in beauty products worldwide, behind only Japan, China and United States. After researches in two scientific articles bases, it was verified that the red propolis has chemical and biological properties of great applicability in cosmetic sector. For the present monitoring, it was used six patent search bases – one of them for national research, which allowed to verify that a greater flow of patent applications was found since 2004, most of the patentees consisting of legal entities. As conclusion, after the harmonization of the monitored data, it was found a great potential for the use of compounds using red propolis in their formula, highlighting patents under the classification A61K and that currently the Japanese and Brazilian offices are the ones with the largest number of published applications.Tradicionalmente, o setor dos cosméticos representa um dos segmentos mais fortes da economia nacional, no qual o Brasil segue como o 4º maior mercado consumidor mundial de produtos de beleza, atrás apenas do Japão, China e Estados Unidos. Depois de pesquisas em bases de artigos científicos, o estudo verificou que a própolis vermelha possui propriedades químicas e biológicas de grande aplicabilidade para o setor dos cosméticos. Neste monitoramento foram utilizadas seis bases patentárias, entre elas uma nacional, sendo possível verificar que, a partir de 2004, houve um maior fluxo de pedidos de patentes envolvendo a própolis vermelha, cuja a maioria dos titulares é pessoas jurídicas. Concluiu, depois de harmonização dos dados monitorados, que há um enorme potencial para o uso de compostos à base de própolis vermelha no ramo dos cosméticos, destacando-se as patentes sob aclassificação A61K, despontando os escritórios japonês e brasileiro como os que possuem o maior número de pedidos publicados.